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@String{ack-nhfb = "Nelson H. F. Beebe,
University of Utah,
Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB,
155 S 1400 E RM 233,
Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090, USA,
Tel: +1 801 581 5254,
FAX: +1 801 581 4148,
e-mail: \path|beebe@math.utah.edu|,
\path|beebe@acm.org|,
\path|beebe@computer.org| (Internet),
URL: \path|http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/|"}
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@PhdThesis{Szilard:1922:TSG,
author = "L. Szilard",
title = "{{\"Uber die thermodynamischen
Schwankungserscheinungen}}. ({German}) [{On}
thermodynamic fluctuation phenomena]",
type = "{Ph.D.} thesis",
school = "Freie Universit{\"a}t Berlin",
address = "Berlin, Germany",
pages = "45",
year = "1922",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 11:38:33 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "This dissertation was awarded the notation ``exima'':
the highest honor, and was published in
\cite{Szilard:1925:APT}.",
ZMnumber = "51.0695.19",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
advisor = "Max von Laue",
language = "German",
remark = "Reprinted in \booktitle{Jahrbuch der Dissertationen
der Philosophischen Fakult{\"a}t Berlin, 1921/22}.
Segr{\`e} says that Szilard was ``one of [Max] Planck's
very few students'' \cite[page 63]{Fermi:1927:MSP}, but
the FU-Katalog entry for the dissertation does not list
the advisor; another source gave that credit to von
Laue.",
}
@Article{Mark:1925:EVA,
author = "H. Mark and L. Szilard",
title = "{Ein einfacher Versuch zur Auffindung eines selektiven
Effektes bei der Zerstreuung von R{\"o}ntgenstrahlen}.
({German}) [{A} simple test for the detection of a
selective effect on the scattering of {X}-rays]",
journal = j-Z-PHYSIK,
volume = "33",
number = "1",
pages = "688--691",
month = dec,
year = "1925",
CODEN = "ZEPYAA",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01328354",
ISSN = "0044-3328",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:41:53 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1925ZPhy...33..688M;
http://www.springerlink.com/content/h672566162427q81/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "{Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Physik}",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/218",
language = "German",
}
@Article{Szilard:1925:APT,
author = "L. Szilard",
title = "{{\"Uber die Ausdehnung der ph{\"a}nomenologischen
Thermodynamik auf die Schwankungserscheinungen}}.
({German}) [{On} the extension of the phenomenological
thermodynamics to oscillation phenomena]",
journal = j-Z-PHYSIK,
volume = "32",
number = "1",
pages = "753--788",
month = dec,
year = "1925",
CODEN = "ZEPYAA",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01331713",
ISSN = "0044-3328",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 11:38:33 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Publication of doctoral thesis
\cite{Szilard:1922:TSG}. English translation in
\cite[pages 70--102]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1925ZPhy...32..753S",
ZMnumber = "51.0403.01",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "{Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Physik}",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/218",
language = "German",
reviewer = "Prof. W. Gordon (Hamburg)",
}
@Article{Mark:1926:PRD,
author = "H. Mark and L. Szilard",
title = "{Die Polarisierung von R{\"o}ntgenstrahlen durch
Reflexion an Kristallen}. ({German}) [{The}
polarization of {X}-rays by reflection in crystals]",
journal = j-Z-PHYSIK,
volume = "35",
number = "19",
pages = "743--747",
month = oct,
year = "1926",
CODEN = "ZEPYAA",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01386041",
ISSN = "0044-3328",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:46:28 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1926ZPhy...35..743M",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Physik",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/218",
language = "German",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1926:CBL,
author = "Leo Szilard and Albert Einstein",
title = "[Correspondence between {Leo Szilard} and {Albert
Einstein}]",
howpublished = "Personal and scientific correspondence between the
authors.",
pages = "132",
year = "1926--1945",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 06:36:09 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb24247539",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "The draft of the 1939 Einstein--Roosevelt letter that
Szilard prepared does not appear in the here, but there
is a pointer to a copy of that letter in the Harold
Urey papers. There are, however, copies of the final
version; the original is held with the FDR Papers in
Hyde Park, NY.",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1926:VGM,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "{Verfahren zum Gie{\ss}en von Metallen in Formen unter
Anwendung elektrischer Str{\"o}me}. ({German}) [{A}
method for casting of metals into molds under
application of electrical currents]",
howpublished = "German Patent No. 476,812 (filed January 20, 1926,
issued May 8, 1929)",
day = "20",
month = jan,
year = "1926",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:34:59 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 532--539]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1928:BKG,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "{Beschleunigung von Korpuskeln}. ({German})
[{Acceleration} of corpuscles]",
howpublished = "German patent application S.89 028 (filed December 17,
1928)",
day = "17",
month = dec,
year = "1928",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:38:58 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
remark = "This application is for the linear particle
accelerator.",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1928:EMF,
author = "Leo Szilard and Albert Einstein",
title = "Electrodynamic Movement of Fluid Metals particularly
for Refrigerating Machines",
howpublished = "British Patent No. 303,065 (filed December 24, 1928,
issued May 26, 1930)",
day = "24",
month = dec,
year = "1928",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:37:31 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 540--542]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Szilard:1929:DTa,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Discharge Tube",
howpublished = "US Patent 1,697,210",
day = "1",
month = jan,
year = "1929",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 11:45:22 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed April 20, 1925, serial number 24,575, and in
Germany, September 3, 1924.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Szilard:1929:DTb,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Discharge Tube",
howpublished = "US Patent 1,715,874",
day = "4",
month = jun,
year = "1929",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 11:41:19 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "File October 28, 1925, serial number 65,394, and in
Germany November 5, 1924.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "thermionic discharge tube",
}
@Article{Szilard:1929:EET,
author = "L. Szilard",
title = "{{\"Uber die Entropieverminderung in einem
thermodynamischen System bei Eingriffen intelligenter
Wesen}}. ({German}) [{On} entropy reduction in a
thermodynamic system by the intervention of intelligent
beings]",
journal = j-Z-PHYSIK,
volume = "53",
number = "11--12",
pages = "840--856",
month = "????",
year = "1929",
CODEN = "ZEPYAA",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01341281",
ISSN = "0044-3328",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 11:38:33 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Accepted as Habilitationsschrift by the
Universit{\"a}t Berlin. This paper contains Szilard's
classic analysis of Maxwell's demon, and shows that the
entropy of a unit of information is equal to $ k \log 2
$, foreshadowing Claude Shannon's famous 1948 work on
``A Mathematical Theory of Communication''. See also
the later English translations
\cite{Szilard:1964:DET,Szilard:1976:ERT} and
\cite[pages 120--129]{Feld:1972:CWL}",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1929ZPhy...53..840S",
ZMnumber = "55.0488.06",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "{Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Physik}",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/218",
language = "German",
reviewer = "Prof. W. Gordon (Hamburg)",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1929:KGC,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "{Korpuskularstrahlrohre}. ({German}) [{Corpuscular}
beam tubes]",
howpublished = "German patent application S.89 288 (filed January 5,
1929).",
day = "5",
month = jan,
year = "1929",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:41:15 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 554--563]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
remark = "This application is for the cyclotron.",
}
@Misc{Einstein:1930:R,
author = "Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard",
title = "Refrigeration",
howpublished = "US Patent 1,781,541.",
pages = "4",
day = "11",
month = nov,
year = "1930",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 15:09:21 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
note = "Application filed December 16, 1927 (serial number
240,566) and in Germany, December 16, 1926. See
\cite{Dannen:1997:ESR,Dannen:1997:SRD} for accounts of
this invention.",
URL = "http://www.google.com/patents?id=t0BRAAAAEBAJ",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Rupp:1931:BPE,
author = "E. Rupp and L. Szilard",
title = "{Beeinflussung ,,polarisierter'' Elektronenstrahlen
durch Magnetfelder}. ({German}) [{Influence} on
polarized electron beams by magnetic fields]",
journal = j-NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN,
volume = "19",
number = "??",
pages = "422--423",
month = may,
year = "1931",
CODEN = "NATWAY",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01516395",
ISSN = "0028-1042 (print), 1432-1904 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-1042",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:50:35 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1931NW.....19..422R",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Naturwissenschaften",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/114",
language = "German",
}
@Article{Brasch:1934:ANB,
author = "A. Brasch and F. Lange and A. Waly and T. E. Banks and
T. A. Chalmers and L. Szilard and F. L. Hopwood",
title = "{Ausl{\"o}sung von Neutronen aus Beryllium durch harte
R{\"o}ntgenstrahlen. Erzeugung radioaktiver Elemente}.
({German}) [{Release} of neutrons from beryllium by
hard {X}-rays. Production of radioactive elements]",
journal = j-NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN,
volume = "22",
number = "50",
pages = "839--839",
month = dec,
year = "1934",
CODEN = "NATWAY",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01497363",
ISSN = "0028-1042 (print), 1432-1904 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-1042",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:55:04 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1934NW.....22..839B",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Naturwissenschaften",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/114",
language = "German",
}
@Article{Brasch:1934:LNB,
author = "A. Brasch and F. Lange and A. Waly and T. E. Banks and
T. A. Chalmers and Leo Szilard and F. L. Hopwood",
title = "Liberation of Neutrons from Beryllium by {X}-Rays:
Radioactivity Induced by Means of Electron Tubes",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "134",
number = "3397",
pages = "880--880",
day = "8",
month = dec,
year = "1934",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/134880a0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:01:06 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 147--148]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1934Natur.134..880B;
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v134/n3397/pdf/134880a0.pdf",
abstract = "It has been recently reported that neutrons are
liberated from beryllium by $ \beta $-rays of radium
and that these are able to induce radioactivity in
iodine. Following up this work, we have attempted to
liberate neutrons from beryllium by means of hard
X-rays, produced by high-voltage electron tubes. An
electron tube, which could conveniently be operated by
a high-voltage impulse generator at several million
volts, is at present in use in the High Tension
Laboratory of the A.E.G. in Berlin, and has served in
the present experiment for the production of X-rays.",
abstract-2 = "X-rays from a tungsten anticathode generated at a
voltage above $1\mbox{\rm --}5 \times 10^6$ v. were
allowed to fall on beryllium. An organic bromine
compound (bromo-form) was exposed to the radiation of
the beryllium and this compound was then sent by air
from Berlin to London.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1934:AST,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Asynchronous and Synchronous Transformers for
Particles",
howpublished = "British Patent Application 5730/34 (filed February 21,
1934)",
day = "21",
month = feb,
year = "1934",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:42:36 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 564--604]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Device for frequency control in a cyclotron.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1934:CSR,
author = "Leo Szilard and T. A. Chalmers",
title = "Chemical Separation of the Radioactive Element from
its Bombarded Isotope in the {Fermi} Effect",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "134",
number = "3386",
pages = "462--462",
day = "22",
month = sep,
year = "1934",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/134462b0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:05:33 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 143--144]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1934Natur.134..462S;
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v134/n3386/pdf/134462b0.pdf",
abstract = "Following the pioneer experiment of Fermi, it has been
found by Fermi, Amaldi, D'Agostino, Rasetti and
Segr{\`e} that many elements up to the atomic number
30, when bombarded by neutrons from a radon--beryllium
source, are transmuted into a radioactive element which
is chemically different from the bombarded element. In
several cases of this type, they succeeded in
separating chemically the active substance from the
bulk of the bombarded element, and there is no inherent
difficulty in getting any desirable concentration of
the radioactive element.",
abstract-2 = "They have not observed such chemical changes in
elements above the atomic number 30, though many of
these heavier elements show strong Fermi effects. For
some of these, for example, arsenic, bromine, iodine,
iridium and gold, they could show that the activity is
carried by the bombarded element, which in the
circumstances leads to the conclusion that the
radioactive element is an isotope of the bombarded
element.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
keywords = "Szilard--Chalmers reaction (method for concentrating
artificially-produced radioactive isotopes)",
}
@Article{Szilard:1934:DNL,
author = "Leo Szilard and T. A. Chalmers",
title = "Detection of Neutrons Liberated from Beryllium by
Gamma Rays: a New Technique for Inducing
Radioactivity",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "134",
number = "3887",
pages = "494--495",
day = "29",
month = sep,
year = "1934",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/134494b0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:03:00 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 145--146]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1934Natur.134..494S;
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v134/n3387/pdf/134494b0.pdf",
abstract = "We have observed that a radiation emitted from
beryllium under the influence of radium gamma rays
excites induced radioactivity in iodine, and we
conclude that neutrons are liberated from beryllium by
gamma rays.",
abstract-2 = "Chadwick and Goldhaber were the first to observe a
nuclear disintegration due to the action of gamma rays.
In their pioneer experiment1, they used a small
ionisation chamber filled with heavy hydrogen and
observed that protons were ejected from the heavy
hydrogen under the influence of gamma rays from thorium
C. Their method can be used for the detection of the
gamma ray disintegrations of other elements, as such a
disintegration would generally be accompanied by the
ejection of charged nuclei which their method is
designed to detect.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
keywords = "Szilard--Chalmers reaction (method for concentrating
artificially-produced radioactive isotopes)",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1934:MPI,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum of Possible Industrial Applications Arising
Out of a New Branch of Physics",
type = "Report",
number = "??",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
month = "????",
year = "1934",
bibdate = "Sat May 16 12:32:40 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 144]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1934:SED,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Suggested Experiments for the Detection of Nuclear
Chain Reactions and the Liberation of Nuclear Energy",
type = "Report",
number = "??",
institution = "New York University",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
month = "Summer",
year = "1934",
bibdate = "Sat May 16 12:32:40 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 144]{Lanouette:1992:GSB} and
\cite[page 18]{Lanouette:1992:ISP}.",
}
@Article{Collie:1935:CBN,
author = "C. H. Collie and J. H. E. Griffiths and L. Szilard",
title = "Collisions between Neutrons and Diplons",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "135",
number = "3422",
pages = "903--904",
day = "1",
month = jun,
year = "1935",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/135903b0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 11:57:20 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v135/n3422/pdf/135903b0.pdf",
abstract = "For this reason absorption measurements using a
spherical absorber do not necessarily give the true
absorption, since the effect of scattering will be to
increase the value of 0W and thus increase the
radioactivity produced. If each neutron is scattered
several times, this secondary effect may cause an
apparent increase in the strength of the beam by a
factor as great as 2.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
remark = "`Diplon' was an early, and now long discarded, name
for `deuteron', the nucleus of deuterium (heavy
hydrogen), containing one proton and one neutron.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1935:ARN,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Absorption of Residual Neutrons",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "136",
number = "3450",
pages = "950--951",
day = "14",
month = dec,
year = "1935",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/136950b0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:14:03 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 150--152]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v136/n3450/pdf/136950b0.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
remark = "Incorrectly recorded in Nature database as author
`Szilakd', and thus, invisible to normal
search-by-author.",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1935:PSN,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Provisional Specification No. 7840 1934. Improvements
in or relating to the Transmutation of Chemical
Elements",
howpublished = "British Patent 440,023.",
day = "12",
month = dec,
year = "1935",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 10:31:19 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Patent applied for on March 12, 1934. Reprinted in
\cite[pages 622--638]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://nuclearhistory.wordpress.com/2011/02/28/szilards-chain-reaction-patents-440023-630726-lodged-1934/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "This is believed to be the world's first patent on
nuclear fusion, with applications to both power plants,
and to atomic weapons. One Web source claims that it
was filed on 12 March 1934, and assigned to the British
Admiralty in 1936 to ensure its secrecy.",
xxnote = "I cannot find this in either the UK or EU patent
office Web sites; perhaps it is too old to be available
electronically?",
}
@Article{Szilard:1935:RIN,
author = "Leo Szilard and T. A. Chalmers",
title = "Radioactivity Induced by Neutrons",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "135",
number = "3403",
pages = "98--98",
day = "19",
month = jan,
year = "1935",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/135098b0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 11:59:24 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[page 149]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v135/n3403/pdf/135098b0.pdf",
abstract = "Our own unpublished observations on indium show the
one hour period and a longer period of several hours
(estimated at 3J h.). If indium is irradiated in air
these two periods show strong initial intensities of
the same order of magnitude, but if it is irradiated in
water, the one hour period is so strongly reinforced
that it overshadows the long period and may thereby
prevent its detection.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
keywords = "Szilard--Chalmers reaction (method for concentrating
artificially-produced radioactive isotopes)",
}
@Misc{Bohr:1936:CNB,
author = "Niels Bohr and Leo Szilard",
title = "[Correspondence: {Niels Bohr} and {Leo Szilard}]",
howpublished = "Five letters between the authors held in the Leo
Szilard Papers archive.",
year = "1936--1950",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:44:25 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb25612766",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
pagecount = "6",
remark = "Szilard's letter of 26 March 1936 notes that the
uranium-235 isotope had just been discovered by
Dempster that year. It is the isotope that Bohr and
Wheeler predicted in 1939 is fissionable, and whose
enrichment during the Manhattan Project led to the
atomic bomb.",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1936:CNC,
author = "Leo Szilard and Enrico Fermi",
title = "[Correspondence on nuclear chain reactions]",
pages = "66",
year = "1936--1944",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 18:33:51 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6929916v",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "The letters include descriptions of the attempts to
obtain suitable uranium ore from Belgium (mined in the
Belgian Congo) and from Canada.",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1936:IRT,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Improvements in or relating to Transmutation of
Chemical Elements",
howpublished = "British Patent 630,726.",
day = "30",
month = mar,
year = "1936",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 10:31:19 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Provisional Specification No. 19157 1934. Patent
applied for (in numbers 19157/34 and 19721/34) on June
28 and July 4, 1934, but held secret until published on
28 September 1949. Reprinted in \cite[pages
639--651]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://nuclearhistory.wordpress.com/2011/02/28/szilards-chain-reaction-patents-440023-630726-lodged-1934/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "The second paragraph says: ``This invention has for
its object the production of radio active bodies, the
storage of energy through the production of such
bodies, and the liberation of nuclear energy for power
product and other purposes through nuclear
transmutation.''",
xxnote = "I cannot find this in either the UK or EU patent
office Web sites; perhaps it is too old to be available
electronically? There is a reproduction of part of the
first page of the patent in \cite[page
4]{Michaudon:2000:FMW}.",
}
@Article{Griffiths:1937:GRE,
author = "J. H. E. Griffiths and Leo Szilard",
title = "Gamma Rays excited by Capture of Neutrons",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "139",
number = "3512",
pages = "323--324",
day = "20",
month = feb,
year = "1937",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/139323b0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:14:02 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 153--154]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v139/n3512/pdf/139323b0.pdf",
abstract = "We have used radon-beryllium sources, with an
experimental arrangement designed to reduce the high
background effects of the Geiger counter due to the
gamma rays emitted by this type of neutron source, and
also to concentrate slow neutrons on the counter.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
}
@Article{Anderson:1939:NPA,
author = "H. L. Anderson and E. Fermi and Leo Szilard",
title = "Neutron Production and Absorption in Uranium",
journal = j-PHYS-REV,
volume = "56",
number = "3",
pages = "284--286",
day = "1",
month = aug,
year = "1939",
CODEN = "PHRVAO",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.56.284",
ISSN = "0031-899X (print), 1536-6065 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-899X",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 14:46:39 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://publish.aps.org/search;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 160--162]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1939PhRv...56..284A;
http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PR/v56/i3/p284_1",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review",
journal-URL = "http://prola.aps.org/browse/PR",
}
@Article{Goldhaber:1939:RIN,
author = "M. Goldhaber and R. D. Hill and Leo Szilard",
title = "Radioactivity Induced by Nuclear Excitation {I}.
Excitation by Neutrons",
journal = j-PHYS-REV,
volume = "55",
number = "1",
pages = "47--59",
day = "1",
month = jan,
year = "1939",
CODEN = "PHRVAO",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.55.47",
ISSN = "0031-899X (print), 1536-6065 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-899X",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 14:46:39 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://publish.aps.org/search;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 155--157]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PR/v55/i1/p47_1",
abstract = "It is shown that the 4.1-hr. period of indium can be
produced by nuclear excitation of indium and is to be
attributed to an excited metastable state, In$^{115,
*}$ of the stable In$^{115}$. This result is obtained
by studying the radioactivity produced in indium by
neutrons of different energy distributions and by
studying the chain reactions produced in cadmium by
fast neutrons. It is found that In$^{115*}$ can be
produced from In$^{115}$ by 2.5-Mev neutrons, but not
noticeably by strong sources of photoneutrons which
have energies of a few hundred thousand electron volts.
A radioactive Cd$^{115}$ of 2.5-day half-life time is
found to transform with emission of negative electrons
into In$^{115*}$. Cd$^{115}$ was produced by neutron
loss from Cd$^{116}$ and by neutron capture from
Cd$^{114}$.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review",
journal-URL = "http://prola.aps.org/browse/PR",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1939:ANT,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Apparatus for Nuclear Transmutation",
howpublished = "US Patent application 263,017, filed 20 March 1939,
but never granted.",
day = "20",
month = mar,
year = "1939",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:47:18 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 652--690]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1939:IEF,
author = "Leo Szilard and Walter H. Zinn",
title = "Instantaneous Emission of Fast Neutrons in the
Interaction of Slow Neutrons with Uranium",
journal = j-PHYS-REV,
volume = "55",
number = "8",
pages = "799--800",
day = "15",
month = apr,
year = "1939",
CODEN = "PHRVAO",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.55.799",
ISSN = "0031-899X (print), 1536-6065 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-899X",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 14:46:39 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://alsos.wlu.edu/; http://publish.aps.org/search;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 158--159]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1939PhRv...55..799S;
http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PR/v55/i8/p799_1",
ZMnumber = "Zbl 0021.09109",
abstract = "In this classic article, evidence from experiments
conducted at Columbia University shows that
approximately two neutrons are emitted for each fission
of a uranium atom by slow neutrons. That number of
emitted neutrons per fission supported the conclusion
that a nuclear chain reaction, which could release vast
amounts of energy, was possible.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review",
journal-URL = "http://prola.aps.org/browse/PR",
remark = "This paper appeared near entry
\cite{Anderson:1939:PNU} in the same journal issue
(separated by one unrelated paper); the two papers
describe work from the Fermi research group at Columbia
University to find out how many neutrons were omitted
in the fission of uranium, with the goal of determining
whether a sustained nuclear chain reaction was
possible.",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1939:MLJ,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum to {Lyman J. Briggs}: The Possibility of a
Large-Scale Experiment in the Immediate Future",
day = "26",
month = oct,
year = "1939",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:59:44 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 204--206]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Szilard:1939:PPR,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Process of Producing Radio-Active Elements",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,161,985.",
pages = "6",
day = "13",
month = jun,
year = "1939",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 18:55:07 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed March 11, 1935, serial number 10,500. Filed in
Great Britain on 12 March 1934.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Zinn:1939:ENU,
author = "W. H. Zinn and Leo Szilard",
title = "Emission of Neutrons by Uranium",
journal = j-PHYS-REV,
volume = "56",
number = "7",
pages = "619--624",
day = "1",
month = oct,
year = "1939",
CODEN = "PHRVAO",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.56.619",
ISSN = "0031-899X (print), 1536-6065 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-899X",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 14:46:39 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://publish.aps.org/search;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 163--168]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PR/v56/i7/p619_1",
ZMnumber = "Zbl 0022.19103",
abstract = "Fast neutrons emitted by uranium under the action of
thermal neutrons were studied by using a
radium-beryllium photoneutron source. The background
due to the primary neutrons can be neglected since only
a few of the photoneutrons are sufficiently fast to be
counted. Data are obtained concerning the energy
spectrum of the uranium fission neutrons by recording
photographically by means of a linear amplifier and
cathode-ray oscillograph the pulses due to helium atoms
projected in an ionization chamber. Visual inspection
of the record gives an upper limit of the spectrum of
3.5 Mev. The number of neutrons emitted is estimated by
analyzing the pulse distribution of hydrogen atoms
projected by uranium neutrons in an ionization chamber
filled with hydrogen and argon. The number found is
brought into relationship with the number of fissions,
observed under comparable conditions in an ionization
chamber lined with a thin film of uranium oxide
containing a known amount of uranium. In this way it is
found that about 2.3 neutrons are emitted per fission.
The method used would permit a greater accuracy in the
determination of this number than the actual accuracy
obtained in the present experiments. This number,
together with the fission cross section and the cross
section for radiative capture gives the number of
neutrons produced for each thermal neutron absorbed in
uranium.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review",
journal-URL = "http://prola.aps.org/browse/PR",
}
@TechReport{Feld:1941:MCC,
author = "Bernard T. Feld and Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum on the Critical Condition for a Fast
Neutron Chain Reaction Inside a Spherical Shell of
Uranium Metal",
type = "Report",
number = "CF-338",
institution = "Columbia University",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
day = "26",
month = dec,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:11:01 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 280--287]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Marshall:1941:PRC,
author = "John {Marshall, Jr.} and Leo Szilard",
title = "Preliminary report on the capture of neutrons by
uranium in the energy region of photo neutrons from
radium--beryllium sources",
type = "Report",
number = "CP-317",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "5",
month = dec,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 276--279]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Marshall:1941:PRF,
author = "John {Marshall, Jr.} and Leo Szilard",
title = "Preliminary report on fission caused by fission
neutrons",
type = "Report",
number = "CP-316",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "14",
month = nov,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 266--275]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1941:CCR,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Control of the Chain Reaction",
type = "Report",
number = "??",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
day = "19",
month = jul,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 19:02:00 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 226]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}. Possibly
written at Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1941:CNU,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The Capture of Neutrons by Uranium in the Energy
Region of Photo Neutrons from Radium--Beryllium
Sources",
type = "Report",
institution = "????",
day = "6",
month = dec,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 19:10:29 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1941:MCF,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum on the Contribution of Fast Neutrons to the
Chain Reaction in a Uranium--Carbon System [draft]",
number = "??",
institution = "Columbia University",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
day = "28",
month = oct,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 19:05:01 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1941:MRQ,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum raising the question whether the action of
explosive chain-reacting bodies can be based on an
`expulsion' method ({Columbia University})",
type = "Report",
number = "A-56",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "21",
month = oct,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1941:PRI,
author = "Leo Szilard and W. H. Zinn",
title = "Preliminary report on inelastic collision of neutrons
in uranium and other heavy elements",
type = "Report",
number = "CP-285",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "12",
month = dec,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 266--275]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1941:PRM,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Preliminary report on the melting of uranium powder",
type = "Report",
number = "A-24 (CT-M)",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "16",
month = aug,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 329--331]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1941:SSE,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Suggestions for a search for element 94 in nature",
type = "Report",
number = "A-45 (CN-G)",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "29",
month = sep,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Allison:1942:RCE,
author = "Samuel K. Allison and C. M. Cooper and Enrico Fermi
and Eugene P. Wigner and Leo Szilard",
title = "Report of the Committee for the Examination of the
{Moore--Leverett} Design of a {He}-cooled Plant",
type = "Report",
number = "CE-324",
institution = inst-AEC,
address = inst-AEC:adr,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Fri Jun 22 08:24:30 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Included are four pages that seem to have been written
by Enrico Fermi, chairman of the committee. Undated:
year chosen according to report number.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Creutz:1942:TDM,
author = "E. Creutz and John {Marshall, Jr.} and Leo Szilard",
title = "Technological division and {M.I.T.} group. {Report}
for month ending {October 15, 1942}",
type = "Report",
number = "CE-301",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Feld:1942:EPD,
author = "B. T. Feld and Leo Szilard",
title = "Examples for pressure drop calculations in
parallel-flow helium cooling",
type = "Report",
number = "CP-308",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "18",
month = jun,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 346--350]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Feld:1942:MPL,
author = "B. Feld and Leo Szilard",
title = "A magnetic pump for liquid bismuth",
type = "Report",
number = "CE-279",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "14",
month = jul,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 351--358]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Leverett:1942:DHC,
author = "M. C. Leverett and C. M. Cooper and T. V. Moore and E.
P. Wigner and E. S. Steinbach and E. Fermi and J. A.
Wheeler and S. K. Allison and Leo Szilard",
title = "Discussion of helium cooled power plant",
type = "Report",
number = "CS-267",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "16",
month = sep,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Marshall:1942:TDR,
author = "John {Marshall, Jr.} and Leo Szilard",
title = "Technological division. {Report} for month ending
{September 15, 1942}",
type = "Report",
number = "CE-271",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Contents: Mg reduction of UF$_4$; melting furnaces and
casting of uranium",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Moore:1942:ETD,
author = "T. V. Moore and M. C. Leverett and C. M. Cooper and E.
S. Steinbach and Leo Szilard",
title = "Engineering and technological divisions. Report for
month ending {August 15, 1942}",
type = "Report",
number = "CE-236",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1942:ABC,
author = "A. M. Weinberg and E. P. Wigner and R. F. Christy and
Leo Szilard",
title = "Approximate boundary conditions for diffusion equation
at interface between two media",
type = "Report",
number = "CP-189",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "10",
month = jul,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 288--291]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1942:CPP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "On the Cooling of the Power Plant",
type = "Report",
number = "CE-130",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "15",
month = jun,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "See addendum \cite{Szilard:1942:MCPa} and supplement
\cite{Szilard:1942:MCPb}. Reprinted in \cite[pages
332--345]{Feld:1972:CWL}, with addenda from reports
C-146 (June 24, 1942) and Report C-150 (June 29,
1942).",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
tableofcontents = "Cooling media \\
General requirements \\
Magnitude of power to be dissipated \\
Design of cooling system",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1942:MCPa,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum on the cooling of the power plant",
type = "Report",
number = "CE-146",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "24",
month = jun,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Addendum to \cite{Szilard:1942:CPP}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1942:MCPb,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum on the cooling of the power plant",
type = "Report",
number = "CE-150",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "29",
month = jun,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Supplement to
\cite{Szilard:1942:CPP,Szilard:1942:MCPa}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1942:MPH,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum for {Professor A. H. Compton}",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
day = "18",
month = jan,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 19:11:57 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1942:PRD,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Progress Report to {Dr. Doan} and {Dr. Hilberry} on
the Search for a Site in the {New York} Area",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
day = "20",
month = jan,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 19:12:43 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1942:SMB,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Short memorandum on bismuth cooled power unit",
type = "Report",
number = "CP-360",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "23",
month = nov,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 359--368]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1942:UAP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Uranium aggregates for power unit",
type = "Report",
number = "CP-357",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "23",
month = nov,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Szilard:1942:WWU,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "What's Wrong with Us?",
howpublished = "Memorandum.",
pages = "11",
month = sep,
year = "1942",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 09:58:58 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Cited in \cite[page 39]{Shils:1964:LSM} and \cite[page
235]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}. The memo urges speedier
action on the Manhattan Project, and warns about a
post-war race for peace or war.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Ashkin:1943:PCR,
author = "J. Ashkin and S. Bernstein and B. Feld and H.
Kubitschek and Leo Szilard",
title = "Preliminary comparison of radon--boron and {Ra $+$ Be}
neutron sources",
type = "Report",
number = "CP-412",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "19",
month = jan,
year = "1943",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 292--294]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1943:NEF,
author = "Leo Szilard and B. Feld and J. Ashkin and S. Bernstein
and E. Creutz and J. Kelsner and R. Scalettar",
title = "Neutron emission in fission of {U238}",
type = "Report",
number = "CF-1177",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "29",
month = dec,
year = "1943",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 295--320]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Ohlinger:1944:NEC,
author = "L. A. Ohlinger and Leo Szilard and G. Young",
title = "New end closures for {Al} cans",
type = "Report",
number = "N-866",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "30",
month = mar,
year = "1944",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1944:EPE,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Extrusion process for elimination of weld on slugs",
type = "Report",
number = "N-1346",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "7",
month = jul,
year = "1944",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1944:PUT,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Proposal for use of thorium in poisoning slugs for {W}
pile",
type = "Report",
number = "N-962",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "14",
month = apr,
year = "1944",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1944:WMP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Water moderated pile with {P-9} core",
type = "Report",
number = "N-1355",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "7",
month = jul,
year = "1944",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Franck:1945:RCP,
author = "James Franck and Donald J. Hughes and J. J. Nickson
and Eugene Rabinowitch and Glenn T. Seaborg and J. C.
Stearns and Leo Szilard",
title = "Report of the {Committee on Political and Social
Problems, Manhattan Project `Metallurgical Laboratory',
University of Chicago (The Franck Report)}",
howpublished = "U.S. National Archives, Washington, DC: Record Group
77, Manhattan Engineer District Records,
Harrison--Bundy File, folder \#76.",
day = "11",
month = jun,
year = "1945",
bibdate = "Wed Aug 29 07:39:02 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "This is the famous minority report, written one month
before the first successful test of the atomic bomb at
the Trinity site in New Mexico, in which seven
scientists, most of who worked on the Manhattan
Project, recommended against the use of the atomic bomb
on Japan, and predicted a dangerous post-war nuclear
arms race. According to the Web document ``The
Uncensored Franck Report (1945--1946)'', by Alex
Wellerstein, dated 11 January 2012, the original report
was censored in at least eight places; of those, seven
have since been recovered, and at least one sentence
exists, but has been blacked out by government censors.
According to \cite[page 153]{Hargittai:2010:JET}, the
final version was written by Leo Szilard and signed by
68 scientists.",
URL = "http://datatorch.com/Science/Scientists_Stories.aspx?id=52;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franck_Report;
http://nuclearsecrecy.com/blog/2012/01/11/weekly-document-9-the-uncensored-franck-report-1945-1946/;
http://www.atomicarchive.com/Docs/ManhattanProject/FranckReport.shtml;
http://www.dannen.com/decision/franck.html;
http://www.fas.org/sgp/eprint/franck.html;
http://www.nuclearfiles.org/menu/key-issues/ethics/issues/scientific/franck-report.htm;
http://www.wissenschaft-und-frieden.de/seite.php?artikelID=1092",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Szilard:1945:ABP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Atomic bombs and the postwar position of the {United
States}",
howpublished = "Unpublished memo to US President Franklin D.
Roosevelt, who died before the memo could be
delivered.",
month = mar,
year = "1945",
bibdate = "Thu Apr 23 09:48:55 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
note = "Reproduced in \cite[pages 196--204]{Weart:1978:LSH},
and with an introduction to the President by Albert
Einstein reproduced in \cite[pages
261--261]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1945:ADP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "An Attempt to Define the Platform for Our
Conversations with Members of the {Senate} and {House
of Representatives}",
day = "7",
month = sep,
year = "1945",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 17:19:31 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Cited in \cite[page 26]{Smith:1965:AH}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1945:LMC,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Liquid Metal Cooled Fast Neutron Breeder",
type = "Report",
number = "UC-LS-60",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
day = "6",
month = mar,
year = "1945",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:23:07 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 369--375]{Feld:1972:CWL}.
Some sources give the number as MUC-LS-60.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Does MUC mean Manhattan Project, University of
California? The typescript in the \booktitle{Collected
Works} gives no institutional identification.",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1945:U,
author = "Leo Szilard and {64 scientists}",
title = "[unknown]",
howpublished = "Petition to the US President to forbid use of atomic
weapons on Japan.",
year = "1945",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:03:43 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Cited in \cite[page 40]{Shils:1964:LSM}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1945:WTS,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "We turned the switch",
journal = j-NATION,
volume = "156",
number = "??",
pages = "718--719",
day = "22",
month = dec,
year = "1945",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "0027-8378",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 08:35:12 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.thenation.com/",
abstract = "In this speech, Leo Szilard discusses the atomic
scientists beliefs regarding using atomic energy as a
weapon, giving a chronology of the events leading to
that point. The title of the speech refers to the 1939
experiment in which Szilard and Walet Zinn ran an
experiment which showed that it was possible to
liberate atomic energy, the pioneering experiment in
the use of atomic energy. Szilard recounts the pressure
the government placed on scientists working to build
atomic weapons and the silence the government asked
them to keep after the bombing of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki with contempt. He claims the only hope for
controlling the use of atomic weapons is that the
indecision in Washington, DC, is not political, but a
between those who understand the power of the bomb and
those who do not. Szilard also discusses possible means
of prevention of Soviet and American amassing of
nuclear weapons.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Nation",
journal-URL = "http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/1643268.html;
http://www.ebscohost.com/archives/magazine-archives/the-nation",
}
@TechReport{Feld:1946:UTD,
author = "Bernard T. Feld and R. Scalettar and Leo Szilard",
title = "Use of threshold detectors for fast neutron studies",
type = "Report",
number = "MDDC-897",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "26",
month = dec,
year = "1946",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Published in \cite{Feld:1947:UTD}. Reprinted in
\cite[pages 328--328]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@Article{Franck:1946:RSW,
author = "James Franck and Donald J. Hughes and J. J. Nickson
and Eugene Rabinowitch and Glenn T. Seaborg and J. C.
Stearns and Leo Szilard",
title = "A Report to the {Secretary of War}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "1",
number = "10",
pages = "2--4, 16",
day = "1",
month = may,
year = "1946",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Wed Aug 29 11:14:28 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "The authors are members of the Committee on Political
and Social Problems, Manhattan Project `Metallurgical
Laboratory', University of Chicago, and this report
subsequently became known as `The Franck Report'. The
report was written on 11 June 1945, one month before
the first successful test of the atomic bomb at the
Trinity site in New Mexico. In it, seven scientists,
most of who worked on the Manhattan Project, recommend
against the use of the atomic bomb on Japan, and
predict a dangerous post-war nuclear arms race. This
version was partially declassified in February 1946;
eight fragments of text have been removed at the order
of government censors. Some of that censored text was
later recovered, but at least one sentence may still be
missing --- see the Web document ``The Uncensored
Franck Report (1945--1946)'', by Alex Wellerstein,
dated 11 January 2012. Reprinted in
\cite{Franck:1963:RSW}, and in a longer form, in
\cite[Appendix]{Smith:1965:PHS} and \cite[pages
371--383]{Smith:1970:PHS}.",
URL = "http://datatorch.com/Science/Scientists_Stories.aspx?id=52;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franck_Report;
http://nuclearsecrecy.com/blog/2012/01/11/weekly-document-9-the-uncensored-franck-report-1945-1946/;
http://www.atomicarchive.com/Docs/ManhattanProject/FranckReport.shtml;
http://www.dannen.com/decision/franck.html;
http://www.fas.org/sgp/eprint/franck.html;
http://www.nuclearfiles.org/menu/key-issues/ethics/issues/scientific/franck-report.htm;
http://www.wissenschaft-und-frieden.de/seite.php?artikelID=1092",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Franck Report",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1946:CWA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Can we avert an arms race by an inspection system?",
crossref = "Masters:1946:OWN",
pages = "61--65",
year = "1946",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 15:07:31 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1946:DCR,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Divergent chain reaction in systems composed of
uranium and carbon",
type = "Report",
number = "MDDC-446",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "21",
month = nov,
year = "1946",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Uranium Committee Report A-55, submitted to the
\booktitle{Physical Review}, 6 February 1940, but
publication withheld at the author's request until
post-war declassification.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "I can find no evidence of the eventual publication of
this paper in that journal, nor of a companion 39-page
paper of unknown title submitted to the same journal on
14 February 1940 (see \cite[page
215]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}).",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1946:KVU,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "{Kan vi undgaa Kaprustning ved et
Inspektionssystem?}",
crossref = "Masters:1946:VEI",
pages = "??--??",
year = "1946",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 15:07:31 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1946:MEF,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Market Economy Free from Trade Cycles",
month = sep,
year = "1946",
bibdate = "Sun May 17 11:05:12 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Cited in \cite[page 320]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}; prepared
for publication in the Collected Works, but dropped
from publication.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1946:OPP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Observations on the Provision of the Progress of
Sciences",
year = "1946",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:13:27 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Compares scientific training in various countries,
endorses the proposed National Science Foundation
(NSF), and proposes lifetime salaries for scientists.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 398]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}",
}
@TechReport{Ashkin:1947:PCR,
author = "J. Ashkin and S. Bernstein and B. Feld and H.
Kubitschek and Leo Szilard",
title = "Preliminary comparison of radon--boron and
radium--beryllium neutron sources",
type = "Report",
number = "MDDC-1436",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "27",
month = oct,
year = "1947",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@TechReport{Bernstein:1947:ISFb,
author = "S. Bernstein and B. T. Feld and Leo Szilard",
title = "Inelastic scattering of fast neutrons",
type = "Report",
number = "MDDC-1292",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "10",
month = sep,
year = "1947",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 321--322]{Feld:1972:CWL}.
Original report undated.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Bernstein:1947:ISFc,
author = "S. Bernstein and B. Feld and J. Ashkin and Leo
Szilard",
title = "Inelastic scattering of {Fe}, {Pb}, and {Bi}",
type = "Report",
number = "MonP-375",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "25",
month = sep,
year = "1947",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Feld:1947:UTD,
author = "Bernard T. Feld and R. Scalettar and Leo Szilard",
title = "Use of threshold detectors for fast neutron studies",
journal = j-PHYS-REV,
volume = "71",
number = "??",
pages = "464--464",
month = "????",
year = "1947",
CODEN = "PHRVAO",
ISSN = "0031-899X (print), 1536-6065 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-899X",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:17:56 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review",
journal-URL = "http://prola.aps.org/browse/PR",
}
@Article{Szilard:1947:ABP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Atomic Bombs and the Postwar Position of the {United
States} in the World --- 1945",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "3",
number = "12",
pages = "351--353",
month = dec,
year = "1947",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 24 06:46:59 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Szilard:1947:CC,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Calling for a Crusade",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "3",
number = "4--5",
pages = "102--106, 125",
month = apr # "\slash " # may,
year = "1947",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 09:39:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
remark = "To be published in the \booktitle{Saturday Review of
Literature}.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1947:CED,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Comment to the {Editors} by {Dr. Szilard}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "3",
number = "12",
pages = "350, 353",
month = dec,
year = "1947",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 09:39:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See \cite{Szilard:1947:LS,Rabinowitch:1947:WM}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1947:ISF,
author = "Leo Szilard and S. Bernstein and B. Feld and J.
Ashkin",
title = "Inelastic scattering of {Fe}, {Pb}, and {Bi}",
type = "Report",
number = "MDDC-1536",
institution = "{US Atomic Energy Commission}",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
day = "27",
month = aug,
year = "1947",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:44:15 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 323--327]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@Article{Szilard:1947:LS,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Letter to {Stalin}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "3",
number = "12",
pages = "348--349, 376",
month = dec,
year = "1947",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 09:39:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See comments
\cite{Rabinowitch:1947:WM,Szilard:1947:CED}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1947:PHA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "A Personal History of the Atomic Bomb",
type = "Round Table",
number = "604",
institution = "University of Chicago",
address = "Chicago, IL, USA",
day = "25",
month = sep,
year = "1947",
bibdate = "Sat Jan 12 14:50:15 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1947:PIP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The Physicist Invades Politics",
journal = "Saturday Review of Literature",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "7--8, 31--34",
day = "3",
month = may,
year = "1947",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 06:48:09 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.unz.org/Pub/SaturdayRev-1947may03-00007",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1948:ISF,
author = "L. Szilard and S. Bernstein and B. Feld and J.
Ashkin",
title = "Inelastic Scattering of Fast Neutrons by {Fe}, {Pb},
and {Bi}",
journal = j-PHYS-REV,
volume = "73",
number = "11",
pages = "1307--1310",
day = "1",
month = jun,
year = "1948",
CODEN = "PHRVAO",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.73.1307",
ISSN = "0031-899X (print), 1536-6065 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-899X",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 14:46:39 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://publish.aps.org/search;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1948PhRv...73.1307S;
http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PR/v73/i11/p1307_1",
abstract = "Measurements of inelastic scattering effects of Ra-$
\alpha $-Be and Ra-$ \alpha $-B neutrons in Fe, Pb, and
Bi have been made. A U$^{238}$ fission threshold
detector was used. The method consisted in measuring
the fission counting rate in the detector with and
without the spherical scatterer surrounding the source.
From the decrease in the counting rate caused by the
presence of the scatterer, values of the cross section
for inelastic scattering to below the U$^{238}$ fission
threshold were calculated for several assumed values of
the elastic scattering cross section.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review",
journal-URL = "http://prola.aps.org/browse/PR",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1948:SMR,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Science is my racket",
month = sep,
year = "1948",
bibdate = "Sun May 17 11:09:12 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 322]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.
Preserved in the Leo Szilard Papers at the University
of California, San Diego, Folder 11.",
}
@Article{Brown:1949:SGN,
author = "Harrison Brown and James Franck and Joseph E. Mayer
and Leo Szilard and Harold C. Urey",
title = "Scientists Give New Warning",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "5",
number = "10",
pages = "264--264",
month = oct,
year = "1949",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Nov 04 21:24:13 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Novick:1949:ELR,
author = "Aaron Novick and Leo Szilard",
title = "Experiments on Light-Reactivation of Ultra-Violet
Inactivated Bacteria",
journal = j-PROC-NATL-ACAD-SCI-USA,
volume = "35",
number = "10",
pages = "591--600",
month = oct,
year = "1949",
CODEN = "PNASA6",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.35.10.591",
ISSN = "0027-8424 (print), 1091-6490 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0027-8424",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:59:08 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 393--402]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1949PNAS...35..591N;
http://www.pnas.org/content/36/12/708.full.pdf+html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America",
journal-URL = "http://www.pnas.org/search",
}
@Article{Szilard:1949:AFS,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The {AEC Fellowships}: Shall We Yield or Fight?",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "5",
number = "6--7",
pages = "177--178",
month = jun # "\slash " # jul,
year = "1949",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 03 06:39:58 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite{Szilard:1963:AFS}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Szilard:1949:DSB,
author = "Leo Szilard and {The Franck Committee} and Frederick
Seitz and Hans Bethe and Harold C. Urey and Harrison
Brown and Irving Langmuir and Vannevar Bush and Leslie
R. Groves",
title = "Did the {Soviet} Bomb Come Sooner Than Expected? {The}
Atomic Scientists: The Wartime Administrators",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "5",
number = "10",
pages = "262--264",
month = oct,
year = "1949",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Nov 04 21:24:13 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Szilard:1949:MTW,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "My Trial as a War Criminal",
journal = "The {University of Chicago} Law Review",
volume = "17",
number = "1",
pages = "79--86",
month = "Autumn",
year = "1949",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 08:57:43 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://lawreview.uchicago.edu/issues.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Written in 1947, according to \cite[page
321]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
xxURL = "http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/uclr17&div=10&collection=journals&set_as_cursor=0&men_tab=srchresults",
}
@Book{Szilard:1949:RGC,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Report on `{Grand Central Terminal}'",
publisher = "Fairplay Publishers",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "????",
year = "1949",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Sun May 17 11:16:15 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
abstract = "Dr. Leo Szilard is one of the handful of scientists
who 'sold' President Roosevelt on the A-bomb project
and then carried the project through to success. With
the late Enrico Fermi, he directed the first phases of
the work on chain reaction at Columbia University and
went on to design the uranium pile at the University of
Chicago that produced the world's first self-sustaining
chain reaction, the living germ of the bomb. Off-duty
reflections on the Frankenstein he had helped father,
no doubt inspired the science-fiction story that
follows. But he did not produce it for publication; he
presented it orally on March 27, 1949 during a
University of Chicago Round Table of the Air program.
NBC listeners didn't hear it because it was delivered
`off the air' following the broadcast portion of the
program. The story was included in the printed
transcript of the program but it has never appeared in
a form suitable for general circulation.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "``Satire on archaeology, politics, and more''
\cite[page 322]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1949:SWF,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Shall We Face the Facts?",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "5",
number = "10",
pages = "269--273",
month = oct,
year = "1949",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Nov 04 21:24:13 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "atomic explosion in Russia",
}
@Article{Bethe:1950:FAHa,
author = "Hans A. Bethe and Harrison S. Brown and Frederick
Seitz and Leo Szilard",
title = "The Facts about the Hydrogen Bomb",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "6",
number = "4",
pages = "106--109, 126--127",
month = apr,
year = "1950",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Jul 14 10:43:57 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "Hans Albrecht Bethe (1906--2005)",
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@TechReport{Fermi:1950:PIT,
author = "Enrico Fermi and Leo Szilard",
title = "On the possibility of initiating a thermonuclear
reaction in a mass of deuterium",
type = "Report",
institution = inst-LASL,
address = inst-LASL:adr,
month = "Summer",
year = "1950",
bibdate = "Thu Jun 21 17:19:23 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "The exact title of this report is unknown to the
public, because it is believed to remain classified. It
is cited in \cite[page 39]{Telegdi:2002:EFA}.",
}
@Book{Gerstell:1950:HSA,
author = "Richard Gerstell and Leo Szilard",
title = "How to survive an atomic bomb",
volume = "845",
publisher = pub-BANTAM,
address = pub-BANTAM:adr,
pages = "149",
year = "1950",
LCCN = "UF767 .G39",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
series = "A Bantam book",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Atomic bomb; Safety measures",
}
@Article{Novick:1950:DC,
author = "Aaron Novick and Leo Szilard",
title = "Description of the {Chemostat}",
journal = j-SCIENCE,
volume = "112",
number = "2920",
pages = "715--716",
day = "15",
month = dec,
year = "1950",
CODEN = "SCIEAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.112.2920.715",
ISSN = "0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8075",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 13:03:25 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 403--404]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1950Sci...112..715N",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencemag.org/archive/",
remark = "Szilard writes in his CV about this paper, and related
papers: ``In studying mutations in bacteria or the
formation of adaptive enzymes in bacteria inaccurate,
and therefore misleading, results are frequently
obtained by studying bacterial cultures in flasks in
which the number of bacteria increases exponentially
and today the use of the Chemostat appears to be
indispensable.''",
}
@Article{Novick:1950:ECS,
author = "Aaron Novick and Leo Szilard",
title = "Experiments with the {Chemostat} on Spontaneous
Mutations of Bacteria",
journal = j-PROC-NATL-ACAD-SCI-USA,
volume = "36",
number = "12",
pages = "708--719",
month = dec,
year = "1950",
CODEN = "PNASA6",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.36.12.708",
ISSN = "0027-8424 (print), 1091-6490 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0027-8424",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 13:01:48 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 405--416]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1950PNAS...36..708N;
http://www.pnas.org/content/36/12/708.full.pdf+html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America",
journal-URL = "http://www.pnas.org/search",
}
@Article{Szilard:1950:CWI,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Can We Have International Control of Atomic Energy?",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "6",
number = "1",
pages = "9--12, 16",
month = jan,
year = "1950",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 24 17:15:27 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Szilard:1950:DDD,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The Diary of {Dr. Davis}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "6",
number = "2",
pages = "51--57",
month = feb,
year = "1950",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 24 17:26:10 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
remark = "Satire; see \cite[page 322]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
xxnote = "Check page range: pages 55--65 are missing from the
Google books online issue, but found in the EBSCO
database.",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1950:RLC,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "A reply to {Lilienthal}'s criticism",
crossref = "Eliot:1950:HB",
pages = "??--??",
year = "1950",
bibdate = "Tue Feb 17 11:27:52 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1950:SE,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Security and Equality",
day = "28",
month = oct,
year = "1950",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 05:47:37 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Novick:1951:GMB,
author = "Aaron Novick and Leo Szilard",
title = "Genetic Mechanisms in Bacteria and Bacterial Viruses,
{I}: Experiments on spontaneous and chemically induced
mutations of bacteria growing in the {Chemostat}",
journal = j-COLD-SPRING-HARBOR-SYMP-QUANT-BIOL,
volume = "16",
number = "??",
pages = "337--343",
month = "????",
year = "1951",
CODEN = "CSHSAZ",
ISSN = "0091-7451 (print), 1943-4456 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0091-7451",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:56:11 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 418--424]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology",
xxpages = "336--343",
}
@Article{Novick:1951:VSI,
author = "Aaron Novick and Leo Szilard",
title = "Virus Strains of Identical Phenotype but Different
Genotype",
journal = j-SCIENCE,
volume = "113",
number = "2924",
pages = "34--35",
month = jan,
year = "1951",
CODEN = "SCIEAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.113.2924.34",
ISSN = "0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8075",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 13:05:10 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[page 417]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1951Sci...113...34N",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencemag.org/archive/",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1951:PPM,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Process for Producing Microbial Metabolites",
howpublished = "US Patent application 264,263, filed 29 December 1951
but never granted.",
day = "29",
month = dec,
year = "1951",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:12:29 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 390]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Novick:1952:AM,
author = "Aaron Novick and Leo Szilard",
title = "Anti-mutagens",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "170",
number = "4335",
pages = "926--927",
day = "29",
month = nov,
year = "1952",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/170926a0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:12:29 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 425--428]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v170/n4335/pdf/170926a0.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1952:CCP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Caffeine Containing Products and Method for their
Preparation",
howpublished = "US Patent application 320,816, filed 15 November 1952
but never granted.",
day = "15",
month = nov,
year = "1952",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:12:29 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 390]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1952:YDW,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "You do not want war with {Russia}?",
year = "1952",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 07:45:58 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Unpublished typescript, Box 34, Folder 19, Leo Szilard
Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 367]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1953:MM,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Meeting of the Minds",
month = jun,
year = "1953",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:07:37 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Several drafts of this paper from June 1953 to 26
January 1954 are in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Analysis of the nuclear arms race, and possible
solutions, cited in \cite[page
368]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@InProceedings{Novick:1954:IEC,
author = "Aaron Novick and Leo Szilard",
title = "{II}. {Experiments} with the {Chemostat} on the rates
of amino acid synthesis in bacteria",
crossref = "Kozloff:1954:DGP",
pages = "21--32",
year = "1954",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 12:58:13 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 429--440]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1954:SR,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Security Risk",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "10",
number = "10",
pages = "384--386, 398",
month = dec,
year = "1954",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 11:08:02 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Misc{Fermi:1955:NRa,
author = "Enrico Fermi and Leo Szil{\'a}rd",
title = "Neutronic Reactor",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,708,656.",
pages = "8",
day = "17",
month = may,
year = "1955",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 16:32:35 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "US Patent Application 568,904 filed December 19, 1944.
Reprinted in \cite[pages 691--696]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://www.google.com/patents?vid=2708656",
abstract = "The present invention relates to the general subject
of nuclear fission and particularly to the
establishment of self-sustaining neutron chain fission
reactions in systems embodying uranium having a natural
isotopic content.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "About this patent, ``the U.S. Patent Office compared
its significance to the patents by Samuel Morse for the
telegraph and Alexander Graham Bell for the
telephone.'' \cite{Dannen:1998:LSI}.",
}
@Article{Fox:1955:DGB,
author = "Maurice S. Fox and Leo Szilard",
title = "A device for growing bacterial populations under
steady state conditions",
journal = j-J-GEN-PHYSIOL,
volume = "39",
number = "2",
pages = "261--266",
month = "????",
year = "1955",
CODEN = "JGPLAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.39.2.261",
ISSN = "0022-1295 (print), 1540-7748 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0022-1295",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:31:05 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 441--446]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Journal of General Physiology",
journal-URL = "http://jgp.rupress.org/content/by/year/",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1955:CBA,
author = "Leo Szilard and Werner Heisenberg",
title = "[Correspondence between the authors]",
howpublished = "Four letters in English and German in the Leo Szilard
Papers archive.",
year = "1955--1957",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 06:42:51 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb3278005z",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
pagecount = "4",
}
@Article{Szilard:1955:DPP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Disarmament and the Problem of Peace",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "11",
number = "8",
pages = "297--307",
month = oct,
year = "1955",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 11:03:55 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "Special issue on Secrecy, Security, and Loyalty. See
comment \cite{Fowler:1955:LED}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Szilard:1955:FSP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The First Step to Peace",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "11",
number = "3",
pages = "104--104",
month = mar,
year = "1955",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 11:05:36 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Szilard:1955:LE,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Letter to the editor",
journal = "Bulletin of the Research Exchange on the Prevention of
War",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "39--??",
month = mar,
year = "1955",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 14:27:27 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "This is a reprint of portions of a letter from Szilard
to the New York Times \cite{Szilard:1955:LTA}. The Leo
Szilard archive records exchanges between the editor
and Szilard, who wanted the original published in
full.",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb80220728",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1955:LTA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Letters to the {Times}: Action to Prevent War:
Sponsorship of Qualified Group to Formulate Agreements
Proposed",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "E8--E8",
day = "6",
month = feb,
year = "1955",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 14:40:33 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "See responses
\cite{Arnett:1955:LTR,Szent-Gyorgyi:1955:LTF} and
partial reprint \cite{Szilard:1955:LE}.",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/113235031",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
remark = "Letter dated 2 Feb 1955.",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1955:PSA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Process and apparatus for slowing the aging of man and
similar large mammalian organisms",
day = "29",
month = jul,
year = "1955",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 07:49:31 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Unpublished manuscript, available in Box 39, Folder 4,
of the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 390]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@TechReport{Doering:1957:MCC,
author = "William Doering and Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum to {Cass Canfield}: A Proposal to create
two interdependent research institutes operating in the
general area of public health, designated as:
{`Research Institute for Fundamental Biology and Public
Health'} and {`Institute for Problem Studies'}",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
day = "11",
month = jan,
year = "1957",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:30:33 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 505--524]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Fermi:1957:MON,
author = "Enrico Fermi and Leo Szil{\'a}rd",
title = "Method of operating a Neutronic Reactor",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,798,847.",
pages = "57",
day = "9",
month = jul,
year = "1957",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 11:20:55 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed December 1, 1952, serial number 323,452.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Fermi:1957:NR,
author = "Enrico Fermi and Leo Szil{\'a}rd",
title = "Neutronic reactor",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,807,581.",
pages = "11",
day = "24",
month = sep,
year = "1957",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 11:23:36 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "US Patent Application 621,838, filed October 11,
1945.",
URL = "http://www.google.com/patents/US2807581.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Szilard:1957:CBA,
author = "Leo Szilard and Otto Hahn and Morton Grodzins",
title = "[Correspondence between the authors]",
howpublished = "Letters in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
year = "1957--1958",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 06:42:51 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Szilard:1957:MIO,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Method of Intermittently Operating a Neutronic
Reactor",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,796,396",
pages = "4",
day = "18",
month = jun,
year = "1957",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 11:15:02 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed April 16, 1946, serial number 662,512.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Szilard:1957:MUR,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Method for Unloading Reactors",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,778,792",
pages = "9",
day = "22",
month = jan,
year = "1957",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 11:11:23 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed April 19, 1946.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Fermi:1958:ACN,
author = "Enrico Fermi and Leo Szil{\'a}rd",
title = "Air Cooled Neutronic Reactor",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,836,554",
pages = "20",
day = "27",
month = may,
year = "1958",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 11:30:37 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed May 29, 1945, serial number 596,465.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Fermi:1958:CR,
author = "Enrico Fermi and Leo Szilard",
title = "Chain Reactions",
howpublished = "Canadian Patent 552312.",
day = "28",
month = jan,
year = "1958",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 04 14:50:47 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://brevets-patents.ic.gc.ca/opic-cipo/cpd/eng/patent/552312/summary.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Leghorn:1958:MAV,
author = "Richard Leghorn and Leo Szilard and Jerome B.
Wiesner",
title = "Memorandum to {Alexander V. Topchiev} [on a proposed
meeting of {American} and {Russian} scientists]",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
day = "6",
month = apr,
year = "1958",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:16:27 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 374]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1958:HWM,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Heavy Water Moderated Neutronic Reactor",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,832,733.",
pages = "15",
day = "29",
month = apr,
year = "1958",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 18:59:09 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed April 23, 1946. Serial number 664,145.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Szilard:1958:NRF,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Neutronic Reactor and Fuel Element Therefor",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,825,689.",
pages = "3",
day = "4",
month = mar,
year = "1958",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 18:59:09 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed April 25, 1946. Serial number 664,732.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Szilard:1959:CIU,
author = "Leo Szilard and Nikita S. Khrushchev",
title = "[Correspondence on informal meetings of {US} and
{Soviet} nuclear scientists]",
howpublished = "Personal correspondence between Szilard and Soviet
Premier Khrushchev, with Russian and English
translations.",
pages = "94",
year = "1959--1963",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 17:42:21 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb38582144",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "The letters are fascinating reading: it is highly
usual, and often legally forbidden, for a citizen of
one country to have extensive correspondence with the
leader of another country, yet Szilard managed to do
so, and was able to keep the US President and Vice
President, and Presidential candidates in the 1960 US
elections, informed of his actions.",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1959:JFE,
author = "Leo Szilard and Eugene P. Wigner and Edward C.
Creutz",
title = "Jacketed Fuel Elements for Graphite Moderated
Reactors",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,886,503",
day = "12",
month = may,
year = "1959",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 11:34:11 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed February 20, 1946, serial number 649,080.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1959:NAP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "On the nature of the aging process",
journal = j-PROC-NATL-ACAD-SCI-USA,
volume = "45",
number = "1",
pages = "30--45",
month = jan,
year = "1959",
CODEN = "PNASA6",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.45.1.30",
ISSN = "0027-8424 (print), 1091-6490 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0027-8424",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 11:45:21 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 447--462]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://www.pnas.org/content/45/1/30.full.pdf+html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America",
journal-URL = "http://www.pnas.org/search",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1959:RWA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Report on the Work of the {Academy}'s {Operating
Committee on World Security Problems} Raised by Nuclear
Weapons for the Year 1958--1959",
institution = "National Academy of Arts and Sciences",
address = "????",
day = "11",
month = may,
year = "1959",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:06:09 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1959:TA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "A Theory of Ageing",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "184",
number = "4691",
pages = "957--958",
day = "26",
month = sep,
year = "1959",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:10:20 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 463--468]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v184/n4691/pdf/184957a0.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
}
@Misc{Wigner:1959:JFE,
author = "Eugene P. Wigner and Leo Szilard and Edward C.
Creutz",
title = "Jacketed Fuel Element",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,872,401.",
pages = "8",
day = "3",
month = feb,
year = "1959",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 19:00:44 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed May 8, 1946, Serial number 668,110.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1960:ABV,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Adaptation of \booktitle{The Voice of the Dolphins}
--- leaving out the Dolphins",
day = "7",
month = aug,
year = "1960",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:43:58 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Outline for a play, TV show, or movie, available in
the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1960:CFS,
author = "L. Szilard",
title = "The Control of the Formation of Specific Proteins in
Bacteria and in Animal Cells",
journal = j-PROC-NATL-ACAD-SCI-USA,
volume = "46",
number = "3",
pages = "277--292",
month = mar,
year = "1960",
CODEN = "PNASA6",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.46.3.277",
ISSN = "0027-8424 (print), 1091-6490 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0027-8424",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:31:59 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 469--484]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1960PNAS...46..277S;
http://www.pnas.org/content/46/3/277.full.pdf+html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America",
journal-URL = "http://www.pnas.org/search",
}
@Misc{Szilard:1960:DDP,
author = "Leo Szilard and Edward Teller",
title = "Debate: Is Disarmament Possible and Desirable?",
howpublished = "NBC television broadcast.",
year = "1960",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:28:37 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[pages 411--412]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1960:DSR,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Dependence of the Sex Ratio at Birth on the Age of the
Father",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "186",
number = "4725",
pages = "649--650",
day = "21",
month = may,
year = "1960",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/186649a0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:08:52 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 495--498]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v186/n4725/pdf/186649a0.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
}
@Article{Szilard:1960:HLB,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "How to Live with the Bomb and Survive --- The
Possibility of a {Pax Russo--Americana} in the
Long-Range Rocket Stage of the So-Called Atomic
Stalemate",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "16",
number = "2",
pages = "59--73",
month = feb,
year = "1960",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 10:58:20 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite{Szilard:1963:HLB}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
remark = "According to \cite[note 21, page
550]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}, an earlier version was
published in \booktitle{Proceedings of Fourth Pugwash
Conference of Nuclear Scientists, June 25--July 4,
1959, Baden, Austria}, pages 100--123, but I have been
unable to find that book.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1960:LEB,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Letter to the {Editor}: The {Berlin} Crisis",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "16",
number = "5",
pages = "144, 193",
month = may,
year = "1960",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Sep 28 11:08:40 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Szilard:1960:MBA,
author = "L. Szilard",
title = "The Molecular Basis of Antibody Formation",
journal = j-PROC-NATL-ACAD-SCI-USA,
volume = "46",
number = "3",
pages = "293--302",
month = mar,
year = "1960",
CODEN = "PNASA6",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.46.3.293",
ISSN = "0027-8424 (print), 1091-6490 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0027-8424",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 485--494]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1960PNAS...46..293S;
http://www.pnas.org/content/46/3/293.full.pdf+html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America",
journal-URL = "http://www.pnas.org/search",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1960:MER,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum on Enzyme Repression",
month = may,
year = "1960",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:19:59 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1960:PER,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The Postwar Events and the {Russian} Disarmament
Proposals of 1960",
year = "1960",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:47:27 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1960:SS,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "To Stop or Not to Stop",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "16",
number = "3",
pages = "82--84, 108",
month = mar,
year = "1960",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 03 06:34:40 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite{Szilard:1963:TT}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Book{Szilard:1960:SWSa,
editor = "Leo Szilard and Thomas Edward Murray and John B. (John
Bruce) Medaris and Edward Teller and Jerome B. (Jerome
Bert) Wiesner",
title = "Small world: {Szilard, Murray, Medaris, Teller,
Wiesner} [Motion picture]",
publisher = "Columbia Broadcasting System",
address = "????",
year = "1960",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "28 minute 16mm film.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Part one of The balance of terror. CREDITS: Producers,
Edward R. Morrow, Fred W. Friendly, Edward M. Jones;
cameramen, Leo Rossi, Charles Mack; film editors,
Joseph Fackovec, William H. Watt, Jr.. SUMMARY: Leo
Szilard discusses with Thomas E. Murray, John Medaris,
Edward Teller, and Jerome Wiesner the dangers of the
atomic bomb, the present stockpile, and various
problems associated with international disarmament.
Host, Edward R. Murrow.",
subject = "Nuclear disarmament",
}
@Book{Szilard:1960:SWSb,
editor = "Leo Szilard and Hans A. (Hans Albrecht) Bethe and
Lewis L. Strauss and Jerome B. (Jerome Bert) Wiesner",
title = "Small world: {Szilard, Bethe, Strauss, Wiesner}
[Motion picture]",
publisher = "Columbia Broadcasting System",
address = "????",
year = "1960",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "28 minute 16mm film.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Part two of The balance of terror.. Credits:
Producers, Edward R. Morrow, Fred W. Friendly, Edward
M. Jones; cameramen, Leo Rossi, Charles Mack; film
editors, Joseph Fackovec, William H. Watt, Jr. Summary:
Leo Szilard discusses with Hans Bethe, Lewis Strauss,
and Jerome Wiesner ways and means to disarmament,
including the cessation of bomb testing, arms
limitations, and weapons testing. Host, Edward R.
Murrow.",
subject = "Nuclear disarmament",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1960:TCA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Has the time come to abrogate war?",
year = "1960",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:40:13 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Submitted to \booktitle{Look} magazine and
\booktitle{Foreign Affairs}, but may never have been
published. Box 25, Folder 25, in the Leo Szilard Papers
archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 414]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Misc{Fermi:1961:ACN,
author = "Enrico Fermi and Leo Szilard",
title = "Air-cooled Neutronic Reactor",
howpublished = "Canadian Patent 620923.",
day = "30",
month = may,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 04 14:50:47 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://brevets-patents.ic.gc.ca/opic-cipo/cpd/eng/patent/620923/summary.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1961:HSP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "How to secure the peace in a disarmed world",
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:56:31 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in Box 26, Folder 14, Leo Szilard Papers
archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Book-length typescript cited in \cite[page
439]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1961:IMM,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Induction of Mutations in Mammals by Ionizing
Radiation",
type = "Report",
number = "??",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
day = "10",
month = mar,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 13:02:16 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Listed, without source, on \cite[pages
12--13]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1961:LEA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Letter to the {Editor}: {American Society of Newspaper
Editors} and {President Kennedy}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "17",
number = "5--6",
pages = "168--168",
month = may # "\slash " # jun,
year = "1961",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Sep 28 16:34:21 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
remark = "Reprinted in the \booktitle{Congressional Record}, but
I cannot find that online before 1973 at the US Library
of Congress Web site, or before 1995 at
\url{https://www.congress.gov/congressional-record}.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1961:LEb,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Letter to the {Editor}",
journal = j-WASHINGTON-POST,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "21",
month = apr,
year = "1961",
ISSN = "0190-8286",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:48:33 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Protest at US invasion of Cuba in the Bay of Pigs.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Washington Post",
journal-URL = "http://www.washingtonpost.com/",
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 435]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1961:LEc,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Letter to the {Editor}",
journal = "New York Herald Tribune",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "21",
month = apr,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:48:33 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Protest at US invasion of Cuba in the Bay of Pigs.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 435]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1961:LEd,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Letter to the {Editor}",
journal = "St. Louis Post-Dispatch",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "21",
month = apr,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:48:33 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Protest at US invasion of Cuba in the Bay of Pigs.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 435]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1961:MC,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The Mined Cities",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "17",
number = "10",
pages = "407--412",
month = dec,
year = "1961",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Sep 28 18:08:29 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 445]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1961:MD,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memo on Disarmament",
day = "18",
month = jul,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:26:09 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1961:PSE,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Political settlement in {Europe}",
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:56:31 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in Box 30, Folder 13, Leo Szilard Papers
archive. Draft of a paper for the Pugwash meeting in
Stowe, VT, USA.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 439]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Book{Szilard:1961:VDO,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The voice of the dolphins, and other stories",
publisher = pub-SIMON-SCHUSTER,
address = pub-SIMON-SCHUSTER:adr,
pages = "122",
year = "1961",
LCCN = "PZ4.S9986 Vo",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:35:35 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark-1 = "Translated into Danish, Dutch, French, German,
Italian, Japanese, Russian, and Spanish.",
remark-2 = "From page 20: ``Why, then, one may ask, did scientists
in general, and the President's Science Advisory
Committee in particular, fail to advance a solution of
this problem [nuclear weapons control] during the
Eisenhower administration? The slogan that `scientists
should be on tap but not on top,' which gained currency
in Washington, may have had something to do with this
failure. Of course, scientists could not possibly be on
top in Washington, where policy, if it is made at all,
is made by those who operate, rather than by those who
are engaged in policy planning. But what those who
coined this slogan, and those who parroted it,
apparently meant was that scientists must not concern
themselves with devising and proposing policies; they
ought to limit themselves to answering such technical
questions as they may be asked. Thus, it may well be
that the scientists gave the wrong answers because they
were asked the wrong questions.''",
subject = "Science fiction, American",
}
@Misc{Wigner:1961:MLI,
author = "Eugene P. Wigner and Leo Szilard and Robert F. Christy
and Francis Lee Friedman",
title = "Massive Leakage Irradiator",
howpublished = "US Patent 2,986,510",
pages = "6",
day = "30",
month = may,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 11:36:39 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Filed May 14, 1946, serial number 669,524.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1962:CD,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The {Council}'s Dilemma",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "18",
number = "10",
pages = "50--50",
month = dec,
year = "1962",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 11:31:59 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1962:HSM,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Homologous Suppression in Man",
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:59:06 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 462]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1962:MGF,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "{Mark Gable Foundation}",
crossref = "Pohl:1962:ED",
pages = "??--??",
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu Jul 04 14:28:40 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Satire; see \cite[page 322]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1962:ODP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "On the Occasional Dominance of the `Perceptible
Phenotype' in Man",
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:59:06 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 462]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1962:SCM,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The Sex Chromatin in Mammalian Cells, ``Dosage
Compensation'' in the Fruit Fly, and the Enzyme
Repression in Bacteria",
type = "Report",
number = "??",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 13:02:16 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Listed, without source, on \cite[page
13]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Szilard:1962:VDA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "La voce dei delfini e altri racconti. ({Italian})
[{The} Voice of the Dolphins and other stories]",
publisher = "Feltrinelli",
address = "Milano, Italy",
pages = "161",
year = "1962",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 17:01:17 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Translated by Carlo Alberto Gastecchi.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Italian",
}
@Book{Szilard:1962:VDF,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "La voix des dauphins. ({French}) [{The} Voice of the
Dolphins]",
publisher = "Deno{\"e}l",
address = "Paris, France",
pages = "176",
year = "1962",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 16:58:57 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Translated by Philippe Chardeyron.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "French",
}
@Article{Szilard:1962:WRW,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Are We on the Road to War?",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "18",
number = "4",
pages = "23--30",
month = apr,
year = "1962",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 10:52:00 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Doering:1963:LEU,
author = "William Doering and Bernard T. {Feld, Jr.} and Allan
Forbes and James G. Patton and Leo Szilard",
title = "Letter to the {Editor}: {U.N.} in {Cuba}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "19",
number = "4",
pages = "33--33",
month = apr,
year = "1963",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 30 07:34:27 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@InCollection{Franck:1963:RSW,
author = "James Franck and Donald J. Hughes and I. I. Nickson
and Eugene Rabinowitch and Glenn T. Seaborg and Joyce
C. Stearns and Leo Szilard",
title = "A Report to the {Secretary of War}",
crossref = "Grodzins:1963:AAS",
pages = "19--27",
year = "1963",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 03 05:56:24 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprint of \cite{Franck:1946:RSW}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1963:AFS,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The {AEC Fellowships}: Shall We Yield or Fight?",
crossref = "Grodzins:1963:AAS",
pages = "410--413",
year = "1963",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 03 05:56:24 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprint of \cite{Szilard:1949:AFS}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1963:APC,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The aging process and the ``Competitive Strength'' of
Spermatozoa",
type = "Report",
number = "??",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
day = "25",
month = jul,
year = "1963",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 13:02:16 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Listed, without source, on \cite[pages
13--14]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1963:HLB,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "How to Live with the Bomb --- and Survive",
crossref = "Grodzins:1963:AAS",
pages = "217--243",
year = "1963",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 03 05:56:24 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprint of \cite{Szilard:1960:HLB}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1963:LLS,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Letter to {Lewis L. Strauss} on {25 January 1939}",
crossref = "Strauss:1963:MDa",
pages = "172--173",
year = "1963",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 16 09:18:05 2014",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "In this letter, also reproduced in a photographic copy
in the unnumbered figure plates between pages 180 and
181, Szilard mentions applications of nuclear fission
to medical isotope production and atomic weapons, and
expresses skepticism that nuclear power will be cost
effective. A correspondent reported to this
bibliographer that the original of this letter sold at
auction in 2013 for US\$240,000.",
}
@TechReport{Szilard:1963:ODP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "On the Occasional Dominance of the ``Perceptible
Phenotype'' in Man",
type = "Report",
number = "??",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
day = "12",
month = jul,
year = "1963",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 13:02:16 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Listed, without source, on \cite[pages
13--14]{Feld:1972:CWL}. Revised version dated 18 May
1964.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1963:PPU,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "A Petition to the {President of the United States}",
crossref = "Grodzins:1963:AAS",
pages = "28--29",
year = "1963",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 03 05:56:24 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Original version 17 July 1945.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Szilard:1963:SDU,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "{Die Stimme der Delphine: utopische Erz{\"a}hlungen}.
({German}) [{The} Voice of the Dolphins: Utopian
Narrative]",
publisher = "Rowohlt",
address = "Reinbek bei Hamburg, Germany",
pages = "135",
year = "1963",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 17:16:44 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
remark = "Translation from English by Horst D{\"o}lvers.",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1963:TT,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "To Test or Not to Test",
crossref = "Grodzins:1963:AAS",
pages = "342--347",
year = "1963",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 03 05:56:24 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprint of \cite{Szilard:1960:SS}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1963:WAM,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Why {America} May Come to Grief",
day = "27",
month = mar,
year = "1963",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:57:17 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 462]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1964:CVI,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Curriculum Vitae: including list of publications",
pages = "75",
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 14:09:55 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "The document contains several typewritten and
mimeographed versions of the CV, but they are vaguely
dated. The last handwritten correction is dated 1964.
There are no data for patents, or for magazine and
newspaper articles.",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb82268527?counter=36",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1964:DET,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "On the Decrease of Entropy in a Thermodynamic System
by the Intervention of Intelligent Beings",
journal = j-BEHAV-SCI,
volume = "9",
number = "4",
pages = "301--310",
month = "????",
year = "1964",
CODEN = "BEHSAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830090402",
ISSN = "0005-7940 (print), 1932-300X (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0005-7940",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 08:58:52 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Translated by Anatol Rapoport and Mechthilde Knoller
from the 1929 German original. Translation revised by
Cark Eckart.",
URL = "http://fab.cba.mit.edu/classes/863.18/notes/computation/Szilard-1929.pdf",
abstract = "In memory of Leo Szilard, who passed away on May 30,
1964, we present an English translation of his
classical paper {\em {\"U}ber die Entropieverminderung
in einem thermodynamischen System bei Eingriffen
intelligenter Wesen}, which appeared in the Zeitschrift
f{\"u}r Physik, 1929, 53, 840--856. The publication in
this journal of this translation was approved by Dr.
Szilard before he died, but he never saw the copy. At
Mrs. Szilard's request, Dr. Carl Eckart revised the
translation.\par
This is one of the earliest, if not the earliest paper,
in which the relations of physical entropy to
information (in the sense of modem mathematical theory
of communication) were rigorously demonstrated and in
which Maxwell's famous demon was successfully
exorcised: a milestone in the integration of physical
and cognitive concepts.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Behavioral Science",
journal-URL = "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1743",
}
@Book{Szilard:1964:DSD,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Delfinernes stemme. ({Danish}) [{Voice} of the
dolphins]",
publisher = "Steen Hasselbalch",
address = "Copenhagen, Denmark",
pages = "156",
year = "1964",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 30 10:36:46 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Danish translation by Michael Tejn of
\cite{Szilard:1961:VDO}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Danish",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1964:MAF,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum on Antibody Formation",
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 07:04:36 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 469]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1964:MBL,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The Molecular Basis of Long-Term Memory",
day = "3",
month = mar,
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 07:02:32 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 469]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}",
}
@Article{Szilard:1964:MDV,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "``{Minimal} Deterrent'' vs. Saturation Parity",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "20",
number = "3",
pages = "6--12",
month = mar,
year = "1964",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 10:56:00 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1964:MIB,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum on the Induction of {B} Galactosidase",
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 07:04:36 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 469]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}",
}
@Article{Szilard:1964:MR,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "On Memory and Recall",
journal = j-PROC-NATL-ACAD-SCI-USA,
volume = "51",
number = "6",
pages = "1092--1099",
day = "15",
month = jun,
year = "1964",
CODEN = "PNASA6",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.51.6.1092",
ISSN = "0027-8424 (print), 1091-6490 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0027-8424",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 16:16:52 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 497--504]{Feld:1972:CWL}.",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/72122;
http://www.pnas.org/content/51/6/1092.full.pdf+html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America",
journal-URL = "http://www.pnas.org/search",
remark = "This is Szilard's last paper, completed just before
his death on May 30, 1964 in La Jolla, CA, USA. Because
of an 8-page\slash article page limitation in this
journal, Szilard had planned to published two
additional parts, but his death prevented their
completion.",
}
@Article{Szilard:1965:SBS,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The ``Sting of the Bee'' in Saturation Parity",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "21",
number = "3",
pages = "8--13",
month = mar,
year = "1965",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 10:53:40 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Szilard:1968:R,
author = "Leo Szilard and Kathleen R. Winsor",
title = "Reminiscences",
journal = "Perspectives in American History",
volume = "2",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = "????",
year = "1968",
ISSN = "0079-0990",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 11:16:45 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Issue title: \booktitle{The Intellectual Migration:
Europe and America, 1930--1960} (Fleming and Bailyn,
editors).",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1969:R,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Reminiscences",
crossref = "Fleming:1969:IME",
pages = "94--151",
year = "1969",
LCCN = "E169.1 .F6; E171 .P4 v.2",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 09:17:15 2011",
bibsource = "http://alsos.wlu.edu/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
abstract = "This chapter from a book about immigration of
intellectuals to America presents physicist Leo
Szilard's spoken memoirs. They start with his leaving
Germany and end with the use of the atomic bomb against
Japan. Descriptions of Szilard's troubles finding a job
and financial difficulties are interspersed with his
moments of discovery, such as the realization of the
requirements for a chain reaction, which reveal the
mindset of a theoretical physicist. Szilard's time at
the Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory is humorously
described while including details of the important work
done there. The autobiography shows mundane aspects of
Manhattan Project scientists and intellectual
immigrants and reveals the social aspect of Szilard's
life. Appendices contain important letters written by
Szilard, including his petition to the U.S. President
to not use the atomic bomb against Japan. Endnotes give
informative additional details.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1972:CIS,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Creative Intelligence and Society: The Case of Atomic
Research, the Background in Fundamental Science",
crossref = "Feld:1972:CWL",
pages = "178--189",
year = "1972",
bibdate = "Sat Apr 25 15:01:50 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Public lecture, University of Chicago, July 31,
1946.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1976:ERT,
author = "L. Szilard",
title = "On entropy reduction in a thermodynamic system by
interference by intelligent subjects",
journal = "Zhurnal Physik",
volume = "53",
pages = "840--856",
month = feb,
year = "1976",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Translation into English from {\em Zeitschrift f{\"u}r
Phys. (West Germany)}, v. 53, 1929 p. 840--856
\cite{Szilard:1929:EET}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1976ZhPhy..53..840S",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "entropy, human performance, thermodynamics, enthalpy,
kinetic theory, nervous system, numerical analysis",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1976:PCL,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Petition Circulated by {Leo Szilard} to Oppose {U.S.}
Use of Atomic Bomb Against {Japan}, {July 17, 1945}",
crossref = "Blumberg:1976:ECL",
pages = "459--460",
year = "1976",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 16 18:59:55 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1978:ABP,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Atomic Bombs and the Postwar Position of the {United
States} in the World",
crossref = "Weart:1978:LSH",
pages = "196--204",
year = "1978",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 04 14:42:36 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1978:MPI,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Memorandum of possible industrial applications arising
on a new branch of physics",
crossref = "Weart:1978:LSH",
pages = "39--??",
year = "1978",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 04 14:42:36 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "The memo, written on 28 June 1934, notes ``The
production of energy [from artificial radioactivity]
and its use for power production would be possible on
such a large scale and probably with so little cost
that a sort of industrial revolution could be
expected.''.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Szilard:1979:SLC,
author = "L. Szilard",
title = "Some Links in the Chain",
journal = j-NEW-SCIENTIST,
volume = "82",
number = "1157",
pages = "738--740",
month = "????",
year = "1979",
CODEN = "NWSCAL",
ISSN = "0262-4079 (print), 1364-8500 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0262-4079",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:56:11 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New Scientist",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02624079",
}
@Book{Szilard:1980:LSH,
author = "Leo Szilard and Spencer R. Weart and Gertrud Weiss
Szilard",
title = "{Leo Szilard}, his version of the facts: selected
recollections and correspondence",
volume = "1",
publisher = pub-MIT,
address = pub-MIT:adr,
edition = "First paperback printing",
pages = "xxii + 244",
year = "1980",
ISBN = "0-262-69070-5 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-262-69070-6 (paperback)",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 15:34:35 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
series = "The Collected works of Leo Szilard",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1979lshv.book.....W",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1898--1964",
subject = "Szilard, Leo; Colecciones de escritos; F{\'i}sicos;
Estados Unidos",
subject-dates = "1898--1964",
}
@Book{Szilard:1981:SDS,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "{Die Stimme der Delphine:
Science-fiction-Erz{\"a}hlungen}. ({German}) [{The}
Voice of the Dolphins: science fiction narrative]",
volume = "53",
publisher = "Suhrkamp",
address = "Frankfurt am Main, Germany",
pages = "112",
year = "1981",
ISBN = "3-518-37203-3",
ISBN-13 = "978-3-518-37203-6",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 26 17:54:21 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
tolk.hebis.de:210/hebis",
series = "Suhrkamp-Taschenbuch",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1982:RGC,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Report on {Grand Central Terminal}",
crossref = "Asimov:1982:LSF",
pages = "??--??",
year = "1982",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 05:48:23 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Szilard:1985:CSC,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "La coscienza si chiama {Hiroshima}: dossier sulla
bomba atomica. ({Italian}) [{Consciousness} is called
{Hiroshima}: file on the atomic bomb]",
publisher = "Editori riuniti",
address = "Roma, Italy",
pages = "x + 278",
year = "1985",
ISBN = "88-359-2812-5",
ISBN-13 = "978-88-359-2812-6",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 17:07:04 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Edited by Spencer Weart and Gertrud Wiess Szilard.
Preface by Carlo Bernardini.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Italian",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1987:DSA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Draft of a Statement about {Edward Teller} ({August
23, 1963})",
crossref = "Hawkins:1987:TLW",
pages = "405--406",
year = "1987",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 11 21:33:56 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Szilard:1992:VDO,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The voice of the dolphins and other stories",
publisher = pub-STANFORD,
address = pub-STANFORD:adr,
edition = "Expanded",
pages = "vi + 182",
year = "1992",
ISBN = "0-8047-1753-2, 0-8047-1754-0",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-8047-1753-3, 978-0-8047-1754-0",
LCCN = "PS3569.Z5 V65 1992",
bibdate = "Mon Nov 7 11:53:39 MST 2005",
bibsource = "http://alsos.wlu.edu/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
price = "US\$20.00, US\$8.95",
series = "Stanford nuclear age series",
abstract = "This book by physicist Leo Szilard contains six short
stories that caution against the proliferation and use
of nuclear weapons. In ``Voice of the Dolphins,'' the
Vienna Institute discovers ways of communicating with
dolphins, which are found to be of superior
intelligence to humans. The dolphins predict
American--Soviet conflicts in the nuclear arms race,
leading to safeguards and disarmament. Other short
stories include ``My Trial as a War Criminal,'' ``The
Mark Gable Foundation,'' ``Calling All Stars,''
``Report on `Grand Central Terminal','' and ``The Mined
Cities.'' A lengthy introduction by historian Barton J.
Bernstein provides an extended biographical sketch of
Szilard, especially his involvement in the nuclear
program of the United States and his subsequent efforts
for peace in the nuclear age.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Essays and short stories by the one who convinced
Albert Einstein to write his famous letter to President
Franklin D. Roosevelt about the possibility of building
an atomic bomb.",
subject = "Science fiction, American",
tableofcontents = "The voice of the dolphins \\
My trial as a war criminal \\
The Mark Gable Foundation \\
Calling all stars \\
Report on ``Grand Central Terminal'' \\
The mined cities \\
Afterword / Helen Weiss",
}
@Article{Szilard:1998:EKT,
author = "Szil{\'a}rd{ }Le{\'o}",
title = "{{\'E}}rz{\'e}keny kisebbs{\'e}g a
tud{\'o}st{\'a}rsadalomban. ({Hungarian}) [{The}
sensitive minority among men of science]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Szilard:1998:LSH,
author = "Szil{\'a}rd{ }Le{\'o}",
title = "Lev{\'e}l {Szt{\'a}linhoz}. ({Hungarian}) [{Letter} to
{Stalin}]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:1998:SMA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "The Sensitive Minority among Men of Science",
crossref = "Marx:1998:LSC",
pages = "176--184",
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 11 21:31:50 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Dinner lecture at Brandeis University, Los Angeles,
December 8, 1954.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Szilard:2003:GCT,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Grand central terminal: rapporto da un pianeta
estinto. ({Italian}) [{Grand Central Terminal}: report
from an extinct planet]",
publisher = "Orecchio acerbo",
address = "Roma, Italy",
pages = "????",
year = "2003",
ISBN = "88-900693-9-2",
ISBN-13 = "978-88-900693-9-0",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 17:03:15 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Italian",
}
@Book{Szilard:2004:VDI,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "La voce dei delfini. ({Italian}) [{The} Voice of the
Dolphins]",
publisher = "L'ancora del mediterraneo",
address = "Napoli, Italy",
pages = "127",
year = "2004",
ISBN = "88-8325-145-8",
ISBN-13 = "978-88-8325-145-0",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 17:05:25 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Italian",
}
@Book{Szilard:2005:DHH,
author = "Szil{\'a}rd{ }Le{\'o}",
title = "A delfinek hangja. ({Hungarian}) [{The} voice of
dolphins]",
publisher = "Kairosz",
address = "Budapest, Hungary",
pages = "124",
year = "2005",
ISBN = "963-9568-95-3",
ISBN-13 = "978-963-9568-95-2",
LCCN = "PS3569.Z5 V6515 2005",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Hungarian",
}
@InCollection{Szilard:2007:CWA,
author = "Leo Szilard",
title = "Can we avert an arms race by an inspection system?",
crossref = "Masters:2007:OWN",
pages = "??--??",
year = "2007",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 15:09:14 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Anderson:1939:PNU,
author = "H. L. Anderson and E. Fermi and H. B. Hanstein",
title = "Production of Neutrons in Uranium Bombarded by
Neutrons",
journal = j-PHYS-REV,
volume = "55",
number = "8",
pages = "797--798",
day = "15",
month = apr,
year = "1939",
CODEN = "PHRVAO",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.55.797.2",
ISSN = "0031-899X (print), 1536-6065 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-899X",
bibdate = "Sat Jun 16 15:06:18 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://publish.aps.org/search;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PR/v55/i8/p797_2",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review",
journal-URL = "http://prola.aps.org/browse/PR",
remark = "This paper appeared near entry \cite{Szilard:1939:IEF}
in the same journal issue (separated by one unrelated
paper). The two papers describe work from the Fermi
research group at Columbia University to find out how
many neutrons were omitted in the fission of uranium,
with the goal of determining whether a sustained
nuclear chain reaction was possible.",
}
@Misc{Einstein:1939:AEL,
author = "Albert Einstein",
title = "{Albert Einstein}'s Letter to {President Franklin
Delano Roosevelt}",
howpublished = "World-Wide Web document",
day = "2",
month = aug,
year = "1939",
bibdate = "Mon Jun 18 17:52:21 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://hypertextbook.com/eworld/einstein.shtml;
http://www.anl.gov/Science_and_Technology/History/Anniversary_Frontiers/aetofdr.html;
http://www.lanl.gov/history/road/pdf/Einstein.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "The letter, written at the urging of Leo Szilard,
Eugene Wigner, and Edward Teller, begins: ``Some recent
work by E. Fermi and L. Szilard, which has been
communicated to me in manuscript, leads me to expect
that the element uranium may be turned into a new and
important source of energy in the immediate future.''",
remark-2 = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 113--114]{Segre:1970:EFPb}.",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1939:M,
author = "Tekla Szilard",
title = "Memoirs",
year = "1939",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 17:12:57 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Translation by Anna Bettelheim from the original
Hungarian. Unpublished manuscript held in the Bela
Silard Papers archive, Pleasantville, New York.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Tekla is Leo Szilard's mother.",
}
@TechReport{Bothe:1941:ATN,
author = "W. Bothe and P. Jensen",
title = "{Die Absorption thermischer Neutronen in
Elektrographit}. ({German}) [{The} absorption of
thermal neutrons in electrographite]",
type = "Report",
number = "G-71",
institution = "????",
address = "????",
day = "20",
month = jan,
year = "1941",
bibdate = "Mon Jul 30 12:12:50 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
note = "Captured German report cited in \cite[page
29]{Weart:1976:SS} that contained incorrect results on
the neutron capture cross-section of carbon. Those
results caused the German Uranium Project scientists to
switch from graphite to the hard-to-get deuterium (in
heavy water obtained from the Rjukan Plant in Norway)
as a neutron moderator, and likely, substantially
delayed their progress in achieving a working nuclear
reactor as a precursor to an atomic bomb.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
}
@TechReport{Peierls:1943:CRC,
author = "Rudolf Peierls",
title = "Comments on report {A-387 (CF338)} by {Feld} and
{Szilard}",
type = "Report",
number = "MS-75 (PRO AB4/913)",
institution = inst-TUBE-ALLOYS,
address = inst-TUBE-ALLOYS:adr,
year = "1943",
bibdate = "Mon Apr 30 11:17:11 2018",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/peierls-rudolf.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Possibly available via the Public Records Office,
London, UK.",
}
@Misc{Swing:1945:RSB,
author = "Raymond Swing",
title = "{Raymond Swing}'s broadcast[: History of Atomic
Bomb]",
howpublished = "Script for radio broadcast on station WMAL on ABC
network.",
day = "7",
month = sep,
year = "1945",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 16:35:38 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb0718253r",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Enrico Fermi; Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1946:GSD,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "The Great Science Debate",
journal = "Fortune Magazine",
volume = "33",
number = "6",
pages = "117--??",
month = jun,
year = "1946",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 05:42:58 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
xxpages = "246 (est.)",
}
@Article{Blakeslee:1946:AF,
author = "Howard W. Blakeslee",
title = "The Atomic Future",
journal = "Chicago Sun",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "3",
month = may,
year = "1946",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 06:36:15 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
note = "28-page supplement.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Alexander Sachs; Leo Szilard",
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 359]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Duffus:1946:ABV,
author = "R. L. Duffus",
title = "Atom Bomb Versus `Human Race': The Scientists Who
Fashioned It Remind Us of Its Terrible Threat: Review
of {{\booktitle{One World or None. A Report to the
Public on the Full Meaning of the Atomic Bomb}}. Edited
by Dexer Masters and Kathlerine Way. Foreword by Niels
Bohr. Introduction by Arthur H. Compton. x + 79 pp. New
York: Whittlesey House. \$1}",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "BR1--BR2",
day = "17",
month = mar,
year = "1946",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Sun May 17 11:42:52 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/107455627",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
}
@Misc{Groves:1946:RMD,
author = "Leslie R. Groves",
title = "Recommendation for Military Decoration ({Dr. Leo
Szilard})",
howpublished = "Memorandum EIDM-WL-26, Oak Ridge Laboratory.",
day = "8",
month = jul,
year = "1946",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 05:38:13 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Laurence:1946:X,
author = "William L. Laurence",
title = "{Dec. 2, 1942} --- The Birth of the {Atomic Age}:
Story of the great experiment which first released the
energy that runs the universe",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "SM6, SM60",
day = "1",
month = dec,
year = "1946",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Tue Aug 08 10:19:04 2017",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "https://search.proquest.com/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/107694608/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
keywords = "Arthur H. Compton; Enrico Fermi; Leo Szilard; Stagg
Field (University of Chicago football stadium)",
remark = "The article begins with a 4-column-wide photograph of
the Chicago pile (reactor).",
}
@Article{Rabinowitch:1946:BH,
author = "Eugene Rabinowitch",
title = "Before {Hiroshima}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "1",
number = "10",
pages = "1--1",
day = "1",
month = may,
year = "1946",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Jan 12 16:40:59 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Turner:1946:AE,
author = "Louis A. Turner",
title = "Atomic Energy from {$ {\rm U}^{238} $}",
journal = j-PHYS-REV,
volume = "69",
number = "7--8",
pages = "366--366",
month = apr,
year = "1946",
CODEN = "PHRVAO",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.69.366",
ISSN = "0031-899X (print), 1536-6065 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-899X",
bibdate = "Mon Dec 28 13:45:08 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRev.69.366",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review",
journal-URL = "http://pra.aps.org/browse",
received = "29 May 1940",
remark = "This paper was written a few months after Turner's
review of nuclear fission \cite{Turner:1940:NF}, but
its publication was suppressed at the urging of Leo
Szilard until after World War II ended: see \cite[page
80]{Bernstein:2007:PHW}.",
}
@InCollection{Anonymous:1947:LS,
author = "Anna Rothe",
editor = "Anna Rothe",
booktitle = "Current Biography 1947",
title = "Leo Szilard",
publisher = "H. W. Wilson",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "622--625",
year = "1948",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:21:16 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m;
http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb7851423b",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential pages 84--87 of UCSD PDF file bb6554482m.",
shorttableofcontents = "Roger Adams; George D. Aiken; Howard Aiken;
Alvaro Alberto; Luis W. Alvarez; Jose Arce; Edwin G.
Arnold; Asaf Ali; Clement R. Attlee; Vincent Auriol;
Gene Autry; Abdul Rahman Azzam; Robert F. Bacher; Nina
Brown Baker; Emily Greene Balch; Edward W. Barrett;
James P. Baxter 3d; Ralph A. Beals; Sosthenes Behn;
Guillermo Belt; David Ben-Gurion; Jean Benoit-Levy; Van
A. Bittner; Jussi Bjoerling; Daniel Blain; G.A.
Borgese; Edward LeRoy Bortz; Gerald Warner Brace; Ray
H. Brannaman; Owen Brewster; D.W. Brogan; C. Wayland
Brooks; Clarence J. Brown; Lewis H. Brown; Esther C.
Brunauer; Mrs. J.L. Blair Buck; Solon J. Buck; John S.
Bugas; Earl Bunting; Vannevar Bush; James J. Caffrey;
James M. Cain; Arthur A. Calwell; Sir Malcolm Campbell;
Homer E. Capehart; Al Capp; John Alden Carpenter; Henri
Cartier-Bresson; Morse A. Cartwright; Vera Caspary;
Rev. John J. Cavanaugh; Lucia Chase; Elisabeth
Christman; George T. Christopher; L. Warrington Chubb;
Randolph Churchill; Ewan Clague; Gordon R. Clapp; Evans
Clark; John D. Clark; Walter Clarke; Brooke Claxton;
Clark McAdams Clifford; John L. Collyer; Perry Como;
Cyril Connolly; Robert Considine; William D. Coolidge;
Carl F. Cori & Gerty T. Cori; Powel Crosley, Jr.;
R.H.S. Crossman; Bartley C. Crum; Richard H. Cruzen;
Margaret Cuthbert; Harvey N. Davis; Joseph S. Davis;
Marguerite de Angeli; Ned H. Dearborn; Dola de Jong;
Giuseppe De Luca; Vassili Dendramis; Louis E. Denfeld;
R.N. Denham; Charles R. Denny, Jr.; Katharine J.
Densford; Clarence Derwent; Mrs. Ambrose N. Diehl;
Alvin E. Dodd; Gil Dodds; Joseph M. Dodge; Lewis W.
Douglas; Eddy Duchin; Laurence Duggan; Thomas W.
Duncan. Evelyn Millis Duvall; Sir Wilfred Eady; Oliver
P. Echols; Philip, 3d Duke of Edinburgh; Clark M.
Eichelberger; Brooks Emeny; Elizabeth Enright; Tage
Erlander; Mrs. C. Vaughan Ferguson; Ed Fitzgerald;
Pegeen Fitzgerald; Kirsten Flagstad; Inglis Fletcher;
Edward T. Folliard; Zino Francescatti; Rose Franken;
Sir Ian Fraser; Frederik IX, King of Denmark; George
Freedley; Benedict Freedman; Nancy Freedman; Toni
Frissell; Kenneth D. Fry; Charles Earle Funk; Lester D.
Gardner; O. Max Gardner; Lloyd K. Garrison; Shannon
Garst; John Gassner; Ralph F. Gates; A.P. Giannini;
John W. Gibson; John Gielgud; Eddy Gilmore; John D.
Goodloe; George L. Googe; Freeman F. Gosden; Charles J.
Correll; Bruce Gould; Beatrice Blackmar Gould; Henry F.
Grady; Wallace H. Graham; Hank Greenberg; Ernest S.
Griffith; Paul H. Griffith; W.H. Grimes; Dwight P.
Griswold; Karl Gruber; Jose Gustavo Guerrero; Charles
A. Halleck; Margaret S. Harding; Rex Harrison; Wallace
K. Harrison; Fred A. Hartley, Jr.; William N. Haskell;
Mahmoud Hassan; George J. Hecht; H.J. Heinz 2d; Ludvig
Hektoen; Mark Hellinger; Marguerite Henry; Elinore
Morehouse Herrick; Christian Archibald Herter; Thor
Heyerdahl; Bourke B. Hickenlooper; William A.
Higinbotham; John H. Hilldring; Alger Hiss; Philip K.
Hitti; Laura Z. Hobson; James L. Holloway, Jr.;
Hamilton Holt; Victor Hoo; C.E. Hooper; Arthur Hopkins;
Willie Hoppe; Amory Houghton; Harry C. Ingles; Jonas H.
Ingram; Charles E. Ives; Russell Janney; Elvin M.
Jellinek; Thomasina Walker Johnson; Virgil Jordan;
Percy L. Julian; Hartnett T. Kane; Bernard Karfiol;
K.T. Keller; George F. Kennan; Dorothy Kenyon; Deborah
Kerr; Leon H. Keyserling; Eelco van Kleffens. Sarah
Gertrude Knott; William F. Knowland; Harold Knutson;
Edgar Kobak; Irving Kolodin; Jake Kramer; Gene Krupa;
Halvard M. Lange; Jesse L. Lasky; Harold D. Lasswell;
Maura Laverty; Emmet Lavery; Hilda Lawrence; Le
Corbusier; Marie-Helene Lefaucheaux; Robert D. Leigh;
Philip Levine; Alberto Lleras Camargo; S. Loewe; Ernst
Lothar; Robert Lowell; Eloise Lownsbery; Martha B.
Lucas; Scott W. Lucas; Charles Luckman; Johnny Lujack;
Mrs. Georgia L. Lusk; Patrick A. McCarran; John J.
McCloy; Fowler McCormick; Ralph McGill; Kathryn McHale;
Millicent Carey McIntosh; William P. Maddox; Rev.
Walter A. Maier; George M. Mardikian; George C.
Marshall; James Mason; Hansa Mehta; Gian-Carlo Menotti;
Charles E. Merriam; Arthur Miller; Justin Miller;
Watson B. Miller; H.L. Mitchell; Jean Monnet; Douglas
Moore; Henry Morgan; John R. Mott; Marius Moutet; H.J.
Muller; Charles Munch; Dillon S. Myer; Pietro Nenni;
Richard J. Neutra; Herbert B. Nichols; O. Frederick
Nolde; John Howard Northrop; Howard M. Norton; Jehan De
Noue, Comte; Nikolai V. Novikov; W. Albert Noyes, Jr.;
W. Lee O'Daniel; William O'Dwyer; Mbonu Ojike; Lloyd F.
Oleson; Lunsford E. Oliver; James F. O'Neil; Karla V.
Parker; Walter L. Pate; Frederick Douglas Patterson;
Paul I, King of the Hellenes; Alice Paul; Robert Payne;
Lester Bowles Pearson; Gregory Peck; Recep Peker; J.C.
Penney; Edward Phelan; Frank A. Picard; Auguste
Piccard; Jean Felix Piccard; Sumner T. Pike; Sir Edwin
Noel Plowden; Arthur Upham Pope; Roscoe Pound; William
Powell; Lee Pressman; Paul Ramadier; Gustav Rasmussen;
Syngman Rhee; Paul North Rice; Vincent Richards; M.B.
Ridgway; Jerome Robbins; Jackie Robinson. Lowell W.
Rooks; Mrs. Samuel I. Rosenman; Lessing J. Rosenwald;
Kenneth C. Royall; William F. Russell; Katharine St.
George; Charles E. Saltzman; Gyorgy Sandor; Jean-Paul
Sartre; George J. Schoeneman; Prince Seif-ul-Islam
Abdullah; Bishop Henry Knox Sherrill; Ruth B. Shipley;
Earl Owen Shreve; Lee Simonson; Martial Singher; Red
Skelton; Sumner Huber Slichter; Alexander Smallens;
George Albert Smith; Glenn E. Snow; Soekarno;
Themistocles Sophoulis; Eugene Speicher; Francis
Cardinal Spellman; Mrs. William Dick Sporborg; Adele I.
Springer; Ingram Macklin Stainback; W.M. Stanley;
Barbara Stanwyck; Louis E. Starr; Thomas L. Stokes;
Colonel Stoopnagle; Lewis L. Strauss; Jessie Street;
Gael Sullivan; James B. Sumner; Leo Szilard; Ferruccio
Tagliavini; Herman E. Talmadge; Glen H. Taylor; J.
Parnell Thomas; M.E. Thompson; Sir George Paget
Thomson; Willard L. Thorp; Palmiro Togliatti; Jennie
Tourel; Arnold J. Toynbee; Mrs. Harry S. Truman; Oscar
Tschirky; Bo Osten Unden; Rudy Vallee; Arthur T.
Vanderbilt; Alden H. Waitt; Mildred Walker; Henry A.
Wallace; Walter Wanger; Edgar L. Warren; Robert J.
Watt; W.W. Waymack; Edward Weeks, Jr.; Keith West;
Alexander S. Wiener; Ray Lyman Wilbur; Frances Farmer
Wilder; Alexander Wiley; Henry Lee Willet; Clyde E.
Williams; Ted Williams; Carroll Louis Wilson; Frederick
Woltman; James Madison Wood; Dorothy Wrinch; Louise
Yim; Robert R. Young; Choudri Sir Mohammad Zafrullah
Khan; Babe Didrikson Zaharias; Arnold S. Zander",
}
@Book{Miller:1947:BEB,
author = "Leslie Miller and Robert Considine and Frank Wead",
title = "The Beginning or the End: Book of the Film",
publisher = "????",
address = "????",
year = "1947",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Sun May 17 10:53:24 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
note = "The MGM film about the development of atomic weapons
in the Manhattan Project has serious flaws; see
\cite{Reingold:1984:MMA}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Based on MGM film about the atomic bomb, and the role
of Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard in its development.
Starring Brian Donlevy, Robert Walker, with Tom Drake,
Beverly Tyler, Audrey Totter, Hume Cronyn. Screen play
by Frank Wead. Original story by Robert Considine.
Directed by Norman Taurog Produced by Samuel Marx. See
\cite[page 318]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Rabinowitch:1947:WM,
author = "Eugene I. Rabinowitch",
title = "Working for a Miracle",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "3",
number = "12",
pages = "350--350",
month = dec,
year = "1947",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 24 06:46:59 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "Comment on \cite{Szilard:1947:LS}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Compton:1948:PSC,
author = "Arthur H. Compton and Farrington Daniels",
title = "A Poll of Scientists at {Chicago, July 1945}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "4",
number = "2",
pages = "44, 63",
month = feb,
year = "1948",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 23 06:32:55 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
abstract = "In order to show how scientists felt about the
employment and control of atomic energy prior to
Hiroshima, the \booktitle{Bulletin}, Vol. 1, No. 10,
[\cite{Franck:1946:RSW}] published a report made to the
War Department on June 11, 1945 by a Committee on
Social and Political Implications, under the
chairmanship of Dr. James Franck; a Memorandum on
Atomic Bombs and the Postwar Position of the United
States, prepared by Dr. Leo Szilard in March 1948,
appeared in the \booktitle{Bulletin}, Vol. 3, No. 12.
The poll take at the Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory
in July 1945, is here described by its sponsors for the
first time; this account corrects a slightly inaccurate
summary in the editorial that accompanied the Franck
Report.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists of Chicago",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Martin:1948:LEH,
author = "Abram V. Martin",
title = "Letter to the {Editors}: How to Implement {Dr.
Szilard}'s Proposal to {Mr. Stalin}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "4",
number = "3",
pages = "80--80",
month = mar,
year = "1948",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Tue Nov 05 06:48:18 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists of Chicago",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1950:CSA,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Correction to {Szilard} article",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "6",
number = "5",
pages = "152--152",
month = may,
year = "1950",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 25 06:25:28 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
remark = "See April 1950 issue.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1950:SHH,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Science: Hydrogen Hysteria",
journal = j-TIME,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "6",
month = mar,
year = "1950",
CODEN = "TYMEA9",
ISSN = "0040-781x (print), 2169-1665 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0040-781X",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 07:12:58 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,858694,00.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Time Magazine",
keywords = "Harrison Brown; Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Arnold:1950:CS,
author = "James Arnold",
title = "The Cost of Suicide",
journal = j-NEWSWEEK,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "30",
month = oct,
year = "1950",
ISSN = "0028-9604",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 07:36:51 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Newsweek",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "According to \cite[page 366]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}, this
article reports a study that shows the feasibility of
the cobalt bomb proposed by Leo Szilard. See also
\cite{Arnold:1950:HCB}.",
}
@Article{Arnold:1950:HCB,
author = "James R. Arnold",
title = "The Hydrogen--Cobalt Bomb",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "6",
number = "10",
pages = "290--292",
month = oct,
year = "1950",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Nov 04 19:40:29 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See also \cite{Arnold:1950:CS}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Aron:1950:ABE,
author = "Raymond Aron",
title = "The Atomic Bomb and {Europe}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "6",
number = "4",
pages = "110--114, 125",
month = apr,
year = "1950",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Nov 04 18:51:59 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists of Chicago",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1952:RBC,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "[Review: {{\booktitle{Grand Central Terminal}}}]",
journal = "The University of Chicago Magazine",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = "????",
year = "1952",
ISSN = "0041-9508",
ISSN-L = "0041-9508",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 05:52:18 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0206/class-notes/ourpages.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
ajournal = "Univ. Chic. mag.",
remark = "No online archives available before 2004. This entry
is derived from a brief note in ``From our Pages'' in
the June 2002 issue at the given URL, so the title is
uncertain.",
}
@Book{Mann:1953:C,
author = "W. B. (Wilfrid Basil) Mann",
title = "The Cyclotron",
publisher = pub-METHUEN,
address = pub-METHUEN:adr,
edition = "Fourth",
pages = "118",
year = "1953",
LCCN = "QC787.C8 M3 1953",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 06:22:03 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
series = "Methuen's monographs on physical subjects",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb84657622",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1908--2001",
remark = "The URL supplies a PDF file with a few pages from the
book, and page 93 notes that Leo Szilard had in 1934
suggested the ``principle of frequency modulation and
phase stability'' in his application for a British
patent on a method of frequency control in the
cyclotron (see \cite{Szilard:1934:AST}).",
subject = "Cyclotrons",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1953:EML,
author = "Lajos Szilard",
title = "{Erinnerungen aus meinem Leben und dem Leben meiner
angestammten Familie}. ({German}) [{Memories} of my
life and the lives of my ancestral family]",
pages = "127",
month = aug,
year = "1953",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 09:09:13 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Possibly the original German typescript of Lajos's
memoirs, with many handwritten corrections, written in
Yonkers, NY.",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6895783f",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
remark = "The author is Leo Szilard's father.",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1953:R,
author = "Lajos [Louis] Szilard",
title = "Recollections",
month = aug,
year = "1953",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 09:13:27 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "English translation of \cite{Szilard:1953:EML}, with
hand-drawn cover page. Translated by Bela Silard.
Unpublished manuscript held in the Leo Szilard Papers
archive.",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb43019011",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Lajos (Louis outside of Hungary) is Leo Szilard's
father, and Bela is Leo's brother; Bela dropped the `z'
from his family name after emigrating to the USA. The
memoir begins: ``The loneliness of the last phase of my
life which I am spending, bedridden, in this nursing
home [Saw Mill River Convalescent Home in Yonkers]
gives me the impulse to describe my life and that of my
immediate family, its rise and decline, as all this
lives in my memory, so that my dear children who never
knew their paternal grandparents and hardly knew
anything about them, may read these pages, should they
evince any interest in them.''",
}
@Book{Brown:1954:CMF,
author = "Harrison Brown",
title = "The challenge of man's future; an inquiry concerning
the condition of man during the years that lie ahead",
publisher = "Viking Press",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "290",
year = "1954",
LCCN = "GF31 .B68",
bibdate = "Sun May 17 11:21:43 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1917--1986",
remark = "According to \cite[page 326]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}, this
book may have arisen from discussions between Leo
Szilard and Harrison Brown.",
subject = "Human geography",
xxnote = "Find this book, and what mention it has of Szilard.",
}
@Article{Kenworthy:1954:DHB,
author = "E. W. Kenworthy",
title = "The Drama of the Hydrogen Bomb --- and {Dr.
Oppenheimer}'s Key Role: Security Case Focuses
Attention on Disputes That Preceded First Successful
Test of {H}-Bomb at {Pacific Proving Ground}",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "E5--E5",
day = "18",
month = apr,
year = "1954",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Tue Aug 08 10:35:45 2017",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "https://search.proquest.com/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/113104238/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
keywords = "Admiral Lewis L. Strauss; Advisory Committee on
Uranium; Alamogordo, NM; Albert Einstein; Alexander
Sachs; Clinton Engineering Works (Oak Ridge, TN); David
E. Lilienthal; David Greenglass; Dean Acheson; Edward
Teller; Enrico Fermi; Ernest O. Lawrence; Fritz
Strassmann; Hanford, WA; Hans Bethe; Harry Gold; Henry
DeWolf Smyth; J. Robert Oppenheimer; Klaus Fuchs; Leo
Szilard; Leslie R. Groves; Lise Meitner; Los Alamos;
Manhattan Engineer District; Otto Hahn; Senator Brien
McMahon; Steve Nelson; Substitute Alloy Metal
Laboratory; Trinity Test Site; US President Franklin
Delano Roosevelt; Vannevar Bush",
}
@Unpublished{Szilard:1954:NME,
author = "Lajos Szilard",
title = "{Nachtrag zu meinen ``Erinnerungen aus meinem Leben'',
geschrieben im Jahre 1954 vom 1--6 Februar}. ({German})
[{Addendum} to my ``{Memories} of my life'', written in
1954 from {1 to 6 February}]",
pages = "58",
month = feb,
year = "1954",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 09:18:29 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "The last page ends with ``Ende. Yonkers den 16. III.
1954.''",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb5598841t",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1955:PAI,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Pioneer Atom Inventions Receive Patents",
journal = j-SCI-NEWS-LETT,
volume = "68",
number = "9",
pages = "134--134",
day = "27",
month = aug,
year = "1955",
CODEN = "SNLEAI",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.2307/3935856",
ISSN = "0096-4018 (print), 2326-1285 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-4018",
bibdate = "Mon Dec 28 07:06:56 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Discusses US patents 2,714,577 and 2,714,668, applied
for in 1945, but not awarded for a decade, and after
Fermi's death.",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/3935856",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Science News-Letter",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/journal/scienewslett",
keywords = "Enrico Fermi; Leo Szilard; Walter Zinn",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1955:PIF,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Patent is Issued on First Reactor; {Fermi--Szilard}
Invention Gets Recognition --- {A. E. C.} Holds
Ownership",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
pages = "19--19",
day = "19",
month = may,
year = "1955",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Wed Mar 06 16:31:53 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "See entry \cite{Fermi:1955:NRa} for the patent.",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/113334584/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1955:RHH,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Radiation held harmful",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "6--6",
day = "14",
month = may,
year = "1955",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 14:35:13 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/113179966",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
remark = "This short news story is about two scientists, who,
after consulting with Leo Szilard and University of
Colorado President Darley, restated their position that
radioactive dust from the Nevada tests is harmful. The
story reports ``Gov. Ed C. Johnson said they `should be
arrested'.''",
}
@Article{Arnett:1955:LTR,
author = "John H. Arnett",
title = "Letter to the {Times}: Revising the {U.N.} Charter",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "176--176",
day = "13",
month = feb,
year = "1955",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 14:55:53 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Response to \cite{Szilard:1955:LTA}",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/113168988",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
}
@Article{Fermi:1955:PCU,
author = "Enrico Fermi",
title = "Physics at {Columbia University}: The genesis of the
nuclear energy project",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "8",
number = "11",
pages = "12--16",
month = nov,
year = "1955",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3061815",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Sat Jun 16 15:06:18 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://link.aip.org/link/?PTO/8/12/1;
http://link.aip.org/link/phtoad/v8/i11/p12/s1",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
CP-number = "269",
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
remark = "From the abstract: ``The following is a verbatim
transcript of Enrico Fermi's last address before the
American Physical Society, delivered informally and
without notes at Columbia University's McMillin Theater
on Saturday morning, January 30, 1954.'' In the
address, Fermi describes how, in 1939, Leo Szilard
begin the push for secrecy in nuclear physics research,
to deny scientists in Nazi Germany access to new
results (see \cite{Wald:2004:FLP} for a retrospective
of that action). Fermi also discusses at length the
great effort that went on at Columbia University to
determine whether graphite could be a suitable
moderator for a nuclear reaction.",
}
@Article{Fowler:1955:LED,
author = "Harold S. Fowler",
title = "Letter to the Editor: [{Disarmament} and the Problem
of Peace]",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "11",
number = "10",
pages = "380--381",
month = dec,
year = "1955",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Nov 04 12:17:43 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See \cite{Szilard:1955:DPP}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists of Chicago",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Szent-Gyorgyi:1955:LTF,
author = "Albert Szent-Gyorgyi",
title = "Letter to the {Times}: Frequency of Wars",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "8E-8E",
day = "20",
month = feb,
year = "1955",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 14:50:10 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Response to \cite{Szilard:1955:LTA}.",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/113227846",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
}
@InCollection{Brillouin:1956:SPW,
author = "L{\'e}on Brillouin",
title = "{Szilard}'s Problem: The Well-Informed Heat Engine",
crossref = "Brillouin:1956:SIT",
pages = "??--??",
year = "1956",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:10:03 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Compton:1956:AQP,
author = "Arthur Holly Compton",
title = "Atomic quest, a personal narrative",
publisher = pub-OXFORD,
address = pub-OXFORD:adr,
pages = "xix + 370",
year = "1956",
LCCN = "QC773.A1 C65",
bibdate = "Sat Jun 23 16:50:56 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/born-max.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/slater-john-clarke.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1892--1962",
remark-1 = "The author directed the Metallurgical Laboratory at
the University of Chicago under the Manhattan Project.
His pseudonym there was A. H. Comas.",
remark-2 = "Some counts of mentions of people (mainly scientists)
are: Bethe (0), Bohr (14), Born (3), Breit (10),
Compton (26), Condon (4), Dirac (0), Einstein (25),
Fermi (89), Feynman (0), Franck (28), Groves (95),
Heisenberg (8), Oppenheimer (36), Roosevelt (24),
Slater (2), Szilard (21), Teller (5), Ulam (0), Wigner
(27), von Neumann (0).",
subject = "nuclear energy; history; atomic bomb",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1957:PCS,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "The {Pugwash Conference}: Statement",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "13",
number = "7",
pages = "249--250",
month = sep,
year = "1957",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Fri Sep 27 08:27:10 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "``The release of the following statement with the
three committee reports was approved by all the
above-listed participants, with the exception of Dr.
Foster, who objected to the Report of Committee II and
Dr. Szilard, who objected to those of Committees I and
II.''",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Gabor:1957:EEG,
author = "Dennis Gabor",
title = "{Die Entwicklungsgeschichte des Elektronenmikroskops}.
({German}) [{The} development history of the electron
microscope]",
journal = "{Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift, Ausgabe A}",
volume = "78",
number = "15",
pages = "522--530",
day = "1",
month = aug,
year = "1957",
CODEN = "EKZAA3",
ISSN = "0302-265X",
ISSN-L = "0302-265X",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 08:12:12 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
journal-URL = "http://www.etz.de/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
language = "German",
remark = "The publisher site has no journal archives earlier
than 2010.",
}
@Unpublished{Platt:1958:LSH,
author = "John Platt",
title = "{Leo Szilard} and His Ideas",
month = aug,
year = "1958",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:11:45 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Notes at the 1958 Conference on Biophysics, Boulder,
Colorado, July 20--August 16, 1958.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Amrine:1959:GDS,
author = "Michael Amrine",
title = "The great decision: the secret history of the atomic
bomb",
publisher = "Putnam",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "251",
year = "1959",
LCCN = "D767.2 .A5",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 16:49:51 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1919?--1974",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
subject = "World War, 1939-1945; Japan; Atomic bomb",
}
@Article{Lear:1959:THW,
author = "John Lear",
title = "A Theory of How We Age",
journal = j-NEW-SCIENTIST,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "346--346",
day = "12",
month = feb,
year = "1959",
CODEN = "NWSCAL",
ISSN = "0262-4079 (print), 1364-8500 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0262-4079",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 07:57:44 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb2356495j",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New Scientist",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02624079",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "According to \cite[page 390]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}, this
is an account of \cite{Szilard:1955:PSA}. The Elsevier
ScienceDirect archive for this journal at
\url{http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02624079}
has nothing before volume 191 (2006).",
}
@Book{Amrine:1960:GDS,
author = "Michael Amrine",
title = "The great decision: the secret history of the atomic
bomb",
publisher = "Heinemann",
address = "London, UK",
pages = "251",
year = "1960",
LCCN = "D767.2 .A5 1960",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 16:49:51 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Anker:1960:PBM,
author = "H. S. Anker",
title = "A Possible Biochemical Mechanism for Memory",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "188",
number = "4754",
pages = "938--938",
month = "????",
year = "1960",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 09:03:51 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1960:HBR,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "The {H}-Bomb: Rules for Nuclear War",
journal = j-NEWSWEEK,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "88--??",
day = "7",
month = mar,
year = "1960",
ISSN = "0028-9604",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:17:13 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Newsweek",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 410]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1960:WBJ,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Was {A}-bomb on {Japan} a mistake?",
journal = j-US-NEWS-WORLD-REP,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "68--71",
day = "15",
month = aug,
year = "1960",
CODEN = "XNWRAV",
ISSN = "0041-5537",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:34:46 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Interview with Leo Szilard.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "U.S. news and world report",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 412]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Childs:1960:SPD,
author = "Marquis Childs",
title = "Somber Proposal from {Dr. Szilard}",
journal = j-WASHINGTON-POST,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "17",
month = feb,
year = "1960",
ISSN = "0190-8286",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:21:57 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Washington Post",
journal-URL = "http://www.washingtonpost.com/",
}
@Article{Finney:1960:TSW,
author = "John W. Finney",
title = "Two Scientists Wary on Policing of Atomic-Test Ban:
Disclose Concern at Capital Ceremony Honoring Four",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "3--??",
day = "19",
month = may,
year = "1960",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:32:45 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
note = "Report on the Atoms for Peace Awards with shared
\$150,000 prize presented in Washington, DC, on 18 May
1960 to Leo Szilard, Alving M. Weinberg, Eugene Wigner,
and Walter H. Zinn.",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/114981445",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
keywords = "Alving M. Weinberg; Eugene Wigner; Leo Szilard; Walter
H. Zinn",
}
@Article{Higgins:1960:SBO,
author = "Marguerite Higgins",
title = "{Szilard} Bars Operation to Work for Peace. {Sees} 803
Chance of Nuclear War",
journal = "New York Herald Tribune",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "6",
month = apr,
year = "1960",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:31:19 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Lerner:1960:LM,
author = "Max Lerner",
title = "Life of a Man",
journal = "New York Post magazine",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "34--34",
day = "4",
month = mar,
year = "1960",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:23:02 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb1059555z",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "From near the conclusion: ``I have put all this in the
past narrative tense because I learned yesterday, from
a column by Marquis Childs, that he [Szilard] is in the
Memorial Cancer Hospital in New York with only a few
weeks to live. As my tribute to him I have jotted down
these few memories from among many that I have of him,
ten thousand miles from where he lies dying.''",
}
@Unpublished{Livingston:1960:LSB,
author = "Robert Livingston",
title = "{Leo Szilard} --- Biographical Notes",
day = "21",
month = feb,
year = "1960",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:36:40 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Puck:1960:LSS,
author = "Theodore Thomas Puck",
title = "{Leo Szilard} and the science of the twentieth
century",
journal = "Humanist",
volume = "4",
number = "??",
pages = "195--200",
month = "????",
year = "1960",
bibdate = "Sat Jul 14 08:21:35 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "What journal is this?? The name is too common to find
easily, and the ones I found began long before 1957.",
}
@Article{Rabinowitch:1960:IBL,
author = "Eugene I. Rabinowitch",
title = "[Introduction to \booktitle{How to Live with the Bomb
--- and Survive}]",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "16",
number = "2",
pages = "58--58",
month = feb,
year = "1960",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Sep 28 10:27:37 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See \cite{Szilard:1960:HLB}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Smith:1960:EDS,
author = "Alice Kimball Smith",
title = "The Elusive {Dr. Szilard}",
journal = j-HARPERS-MAG,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "77--86",
month = jul,
year = "1960",
CODEN = "HAMAA3",
ISSN = "1045-7143",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:37:48 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Harper's Magazine",
journal-URL = "http://harpers.org/archive/",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1961:APA,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Atomic Pioneer Asks Campaign to End War: Asks 2\% of
Income; Sees Disarmament Possible",
journal = "The Plain Dealer",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "30",
month = nov,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 10:16:47 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 11 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1961:BUD,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "The Bomb under {Denver}",
journal = j-NEWSWEEK,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "70--70",
day = "25",
month = dec,
year = "1961",
ISSN = "0028-9604",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 09:02:47 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Newsweek",
remark = "Refers to \cite{Szilard:1961:MC}, according to
\cite[page 446]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1961:CIL,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Close-up: `{I}'m Looking for a Market For Wisdom:'
{Leo Szilard}, Scientist",
journal = "Life",
volume = "51",
number = "9",
pages = "75--79",
day = "1",
month = sep,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb9762703s",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Anonymous:1961:DAB,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Developer of Atom Bomb Proposes Scientist--Scholar
Lobby for Peace",
journal = j-WASHINGTON-POST,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "2",
month = dec,
year = "1961",
ISSN = "0190-8286",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:50:52 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Washington Post",
journal-URL = "http://www.washingtonpost.com/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 20 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1961:HNW,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Human Nature: The Whys of War",
journal = j-NEWSWEEK,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "11",
month = dec,
year = "1961",
ISSN = "0028-9604",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:54:22 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Newsweek",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1961:ILM,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "I'm looking for a market for wisdom: {Leo Szilard,
scientist}",
journal = "Life Magazine",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = sep,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 08:43:42 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Box 3, Folder 13 in Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb9762703s",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited as three-page close-up on Szilard in \cite[page
440]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1961:LAW,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Lobby Against War, {A}-Bomb Pioneer Urges: Szilard
acts to Rally {U.S.} Intellectuals",
journal = "Chicago Daily Tribune",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "2",
month = dec,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:49:35 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 21 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1961:LP,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Lobby for Peace",
journal = "Commonweal",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "305--306",
day = "15",
month = dec,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:53:39 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb14008552;
http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1961:NYL,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Nineteen Years Later",
journal = "Chicago Sun-Times",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "3",
month = dec,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:51:58 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
abstract = "Nineteen years ago today the first sustained nuclear
chain reaction was accomplished by a group of
scientists working under the west stands of Stagg Field
at the University of Chicago, and the atom bomb became
possible.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 22 of UCSD PDF file. From the second
column: ``Some views on the adjustments nations must
make in their relations with each other because of the
atomic bomb were given Friday by Prof. Leo Szilard. who
was one of the scientists under Stagg Field's stands
that historic night 19 years ago.''",
}
@Article{Dolbier:1961:VLS,
author = "Maurice Dolbier",
title = "The Voice of {Leo Szilard}",
journal = "New York Herald Tribune",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "14",
month = mar,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:24:32 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Hutchins:1961:BBV,
author = "Robert M. Hutchins",
title = "Books: {{\booktitle{The Voice of the Dolphins}}, by
Leo Szilard}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "17",
number = "7",
pages = "290--290",
month = sep,
year = "1961",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Sep 28 17:00:26 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Irwin:1961:LDS,
author = "Theodore Irwin",
title = "The Legend That Is {Dr. Szilard}",
journal = "Pageant",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "1, 53--59",
month = dec,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:27:11 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb4916246x;
http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "From pages 55--56: ``As a pastime, generally during
summers, Dr. Szilard has occupied himself with all
kinds of curious notions and schemes. `I can't deal
with major problems all the time,' he said. `I'd get
stale.'\par
He has come up with a gadget that makes instant tea,
explored ways to accelerate checking counters at
supermarkets, pointed out loopholes in our tax laws,
dreamed about improvements for injector razors, and
once proposed that we have dual currency --- green
dollars for wages, red for credit in the bank. His plan
for the financing of universities is as complicated as
a Rube Goldberg madcap gadget.\par
Global affairs have always intrigued him. Early in
1947, Dr. Szilard proposed that the United States
supply economic aid on a vast scale to countries in
Europe and elsewhere to build up their industries. The
Marshall Plan came three months later.\par
He hates to keep regular hours and schedules. Exercise?
`When I feel the need, I lie down until the urge
passes.'",
}
@Article{Lewis:1961:SUP,
author = "Richard Lewis",
title = "{Szilard} Urges People's Drive, Lobby to Work for
Peace",
journal = "Chicago Sun-Times",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "2",
month = dec,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 06:48:47 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Wehrwein:1961:SWF,
author = "Austin C. Wehrwein",
title = "Scientist Would Form Council to Lobby for Abolishing
War: Szilard Wants Groupp to Have a Full-Time Staff for
Pressure on Capital",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "3",
month = dec,
year = "1961",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 10:24:28 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 23 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Weidenthal:1961:FBB,
author = "Bud Weidenthal",
title = "First {A}-Bomb Builder Here for Peace Talk",
journal = "Cleveland Press and News",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "29",
month = nov,
year = "1961",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 10:14:58 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 10 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1962:AAF,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Atom Age's `Father' Lobbies Against War",
journal = "San Francisco News-Call Bulletin",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "10",
month = jan,
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:09:06 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 25 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1962:APB,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Atomic Pioneer Bares Peace Plan",
journal = "The Oregon ????",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "13",
month = "????",
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 29 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1962:NES,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Nuclear Expert Says World Rollin Along on Road to
War",
journal = "The Oregonian",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "13",
month = jan,
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 30 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1962:TAL,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Thinking ahead with \ldots{} {Leo Szilard}",
journal = j-INT-SCI-TECHNOL,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "33--38",
month = may,
year = "1962",
CODEN = "ISCTAB",
ISSN = "0097-3777",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:25:26 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb58718856",
abstract = "One of the fathers of the atom bomb talks about why he
shifted from physics into biology, where modern
molecular biology is headed, and how the nuclear
weapons he helped produce might be controlled",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "International Science and Technology",
remark = "From page 38: ``I have attended practically every
Pugwash conference, because I wanted to find out what
our Russian colleagues are like and how they think.
\ldots{} What the Russians are interested in is to
achieve a considerable measure of economic saving
through disarmament.''",
}
@InCollection{Brillouin:1962:SPW,
author = "L{\'e}on Brillouin",
title = "{Szilard}'s Problem: The Well-Informed Heat Engine",
crossref = "Brillouin:1962:SIT",
pages = "??--??",
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:10:03 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Caylor:1962:JYL,
author = "Arthur Caylor",
title = "Just 10 Years Left",
journal = "San Francisco News-Call Bulletin",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "11",
month = jan,
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
abstract = "First, let me tell. you what manner of man is Leo
Szilard --- a genius without an ivory tower whose
many-sidedness gives him the capacity to accomplish
anything. Already he has covered a lot of territory in
that direction.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 27 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@InCollection{Hewlett:1962:B,
author = "Richard G. Hewlett and Oscar E. {Anderson, Jr.}",
booktitle = "The New World: 1939--1946",
title = "In the Beginning [and other chapters]",
publisher = "Pennsylvania State University Press",
address = "State College, PA, USA",
bookpages = "xv + 766",
pages = "13--29, 56, 178--180, 332--334, 341--342, 355, 366,
399, 440--442, 454, 668--669, 759",
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential pages 44--79 of UCSD PDF file. Reprinted by
the US Atomic Energy Commission, Oak Ridge, TN (1972),
and by the University of California Press, Berkeley, CA
(1990) (ISBN 0-520-07186-7).",
}
@Article{Mabley:1962:MRA,
author = "Jack Mabley",
title = "{Mabley}'s Report: Atom Expert's Plan to Avert All-Out
War",
journal = "Chicago's American",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "12 (or 19)",
month = feb,
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 35 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Olive:1962:SUP,
author = "Ralph Olive",
title = "Scientist Urges Policy Changes to Avert All-Out War:
`Council for a Liveable World' Suggested",
journal = "Eugene Register-Guard",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "15",
month = jan,
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 32 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Perlman:1962:NLP,
author = "David Perlman",
title = "A National Lobby `A People's Plan' to End Arms Race:
Scientist {Leo Szilard}: A \$20 million popular lobby
is his goal",
journal = "San Francisco Chronicle",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "10",
month = jan,
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Sequential page 26 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Perlman:1962:PPE,
author = "David Perlman",
title = "`{A} People's Plan' to End Arms Race",
journal = "San Francisco Chronicle",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "10",
month = jan,
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:29:06 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Smith:1962:TPC,
author = "Donald O. Smith",
title = "Two Per Cent For Peace",
journal = "Solid State Design",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "13--14",
month = mar,
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:32:29 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb20151957",
abstract = "There should be a lobby of scientists \ldots{} pledged
to \ldots{} support representatives and senators
\ldots{} regarding issues of peace and war.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Waugh:1962:SSS,
author = "John C. Waugh",
title = "{Szilard} Stumps for Strong Peace Movement",
journal = j-CHR-SCI-MON,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "24",
month = jan,
year = "1962",
ISSN = "0882-7729 (print), 1540-4617 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0882-7729",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Christian Science Monitor",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 34 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Wood:1962:COS,
author = "William B. Wood",
title = "Campus Opinion: {Szilard} Suggests a New Plan of
Political Action",
journal = "The Stanford Daily",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "16",
month = jan,
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 33 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Gwertzman:1963:WSY,
author = "Bernard Gwertzman",
title = "``{The} World Has Six Years to Live'': {Leo Szilard},
who helped invent the atomic bomb, now is trying
desperately to save the world from it. {Do} his
programs make any sense? {Are} his predictions to be
taken seriously?",
journal = "Sunday: The {Washington Star}",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "24",
month = mar,
year = "1963",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 18:48:48 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb8807065d",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Olsen:1963:TGS,
author = "Arthur J. Olsen",
title = "Trackdown of the {German} Scientist: {Nazism} and
defeat scattered the leaders of a once-great scientific
establishment. {Herewith} a review of where they went
and what some of them did when they got there",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "214--214",
day = "22",
month = sep,
year = "1963",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Tue Oct 20 14:05:22 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/116463805/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
keywords = "Werner Heisenberg; Werner von Braun; Samuel A.
Goudsmit; Otto Hahn; Lise Meitner; Manhattan Project;
Enrico Fermi; Leo Szilard; Otto Stern; Los Alamos;
Robert Frisch; Ernst Oskar M{\"u}ller; Wolfgang
N{\"o}ggerath; Walter Dornberger; Peter Lertes; Gustav
Hertz; Manfred von Ardenne; Klaus Fuchs; Ferdinand
Brandner; Eugene Saenger; Kurt Sitte",
}
@Article{Volodin:1963:FPR,
author = "Y. Volodin",
title = "The Foreign Press in Review: A Scientist's
Responsibility (U.S. Atomic Scientists' Journal on War
and Peace)",
journal = j-INT-AFF,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "78--81",
day = "??",
month = may,
year = "1963",
ISSN = "0020-5850 (print), 1468-2346 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0020-5850",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
abstract = "\booktitle{The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists}
published over the last 17 years by a group of Chicago
scientists is not specially technical literature: it
discusses primarily problems of social significance in
contemporary, specifically atomic, science. Among the
members of the Editorial Board and contributors to the
journal are many who assisted at the birth of the atom
bomb in the fond hope that it would somehow prove
possible to avert the monstrous dangers attendant on
its arrival into the world. Is this possible? How can
this be achieved? What can and should scientists do?
This is the prevalent theme of the Bulletin over the
years. In this article we review its 1962 issues and
No. 1 for 1963.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "International Affairs (Royal Institute of
International Affairs 1944--)",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00205850.html",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential pages 40--81 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1964:LSDa,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "{Leo Szilard} Dies, {A}-Bomb Physicist",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "31",
month = may,
year = "1964",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 07:05:54 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1964:LSDb,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "{Leo Szilard} Dies, {A}-Bomb Physicist",
journal = "London Times",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "1",
month = jun,
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 07:05:54 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Anonymous:1964:LSO,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "{Leo Szilard} [obituary]",
howpublished = "Salk Institute Files",
day = "13",
month = jun,
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:33:07 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Anonymous:1964:SIB,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "{Salk Institute for Biological Studies: Dr. Leo
Szilard}",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "202",
number = "4929",
pages = "238--239",
month = apr,
year = "1964",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/202238d0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1964Natur.202T.238.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
}
@Article{Coffin:1964:LSC,
author = "Tristram Coffin",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: The Conscience of a Scientist",
journal = "Holiday",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "64--67, 92--99",
month = feb,
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:40:29 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb26977929",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark-1 = "Cited in \cite[page 467]{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
remark-2 = "From page 66: ``Szilard's work led to the atom bomb,
which made world war so monstrous a prospect. In 1928
and 1929 he filed a patent on the idea of the
cyclotron, a device to bombard the nuclei of atoms with
protons at very high speeds to study their
characteristics. (The cyclotron was invented
independently by Dr. Ernest O. Lawrence and built at
the University of California in 1929.)''",
remark-3 = "Later, the author writes: ``In 1931, after the Nazis
had won a great bloc of seats in parliament, Szilard
knew a storm was gathering, and that Jewish
intellectuals must choose between disaster and flight.
He told me, `It became clear to me that political
developments in Germany would lead to trouble. I came
to America with an immigration visa in December, 1931,
established myself as a resident and returned to
Germany in 1932 to continue my studies. From then on I
literally kept two suitcases packed, in my room at the
Faculty Club at Berlin--Dahlem, where I lived.' In
1933, after the Reichstag fire, he picked up his bags
and left for Vienna. The next train was boarded by Nazi
soldiers; they barred all Jews from leaving
Germany.''",
remark-4 = "From the next page: ``Some weeks later a committee
advising the Secretary of War recommended that the bomb
be dropped on Japan without prior warning, and on a
target not exclusively military. Three scientists were
on the committee, and they in turn had consulted a
scientific panel of seven. This was a severe shock to
Szilard. It was not a case of a madman using the bomb ;
scientists and generals were eager to test the new
gadget, and politicians wanted to be sure they got
their money's worth. At this point Leo Szilard became a
Jeremiah crying out protest against the bomb. He
instigated what amounted to a revolt among the
scientists at the huge Manhattan District Project
operated by the Army. In another society he would
probably have been shot for his efforts. He appealed to
the agitated consciences of the atomic scientists. The
immediate result was the Franck Report --- dated June
11, 1945, and written by Nobel Prize winner James
Franck and Szilard, and signed by themselves and five
other noted scientists --- in the form of a memorandum
to the Secretary of War.''",
}
@Unpublished{Eckart:1964:LSI,
author = "Carl Eckart",
title = "{Leo Szilard}'s Influence on Physics",
day = "13",
month = jun,
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:48:04 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Jonas Salk Papers archive at the
University of California, San Diego.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Langer:1964:SPC,
author = "E. Langer",
title = "Scientists in Politics: {Council} Founded by {Szilard}
Brings Cash and Sophistication to Lobbying",
journal = j-SCIENCE,
volume = "145",
number = "3632",
pages = "561--563",
day = "7",
month = aug,
year = "1964",
CODEN = "SCIEAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.145.3632.561",
ISSN = "0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8075",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencemag.org/archive/",
}
@Article{Rabinowitch:1964:JFL,
author = "Eugene Rabinowitch",
title = "{James Franck 1882--1964, Leo Szilard 1898--1964}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "20",
number = "8",
pages = "16--20",
month = oct,
year = "1964",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:42:34 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Rosenfeld:1964:WLS,
author = "Albert Rosenfeld",
title = "This was {Leo Szilard}: Remembrance of a Genius",
journal = "Life",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "31",
day = "12",
month = jun,
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:41:28 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Unpublished{Salk:1964:LSI,
author = "Jonas Salk",
title = "{Leo Szilard}'s Influence on Physics",
day = "13",
month = jun,
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:41:43 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Leo Szilard Papers archive.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Shils:1964:LSM,
author = "Edward Shils",
title = "{Leo Szilard}, a Memoir",
journal = "Encounter",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "35--41",
month = dec,
year = "1964",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:43:30 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.unz.org/Pub/Encounter;
http://www.unz.org/Pub/Encounter-1964dec-00035?View=PDF",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark-1 = "The magazine was published from 1953 to 1991; the
archives at the Web site are inconveniently available
only one page at a time.",
remark-2 = "According to page 281 of entry Wolverton:2008:LTF in
oppenheimer-j-robert.bib, Encounter was sponsored by
the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), but that was
not known to the magazine's authors.",
}
@Article{Hartshorne:1965:LES,
author = "Charles Hartshorne",
title = "Letter to the {Editor}: {Szilard} and the Realities of
Life",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "21",
number = "5",
pages = "35--35",
month = may,
year = "1965",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Tue Oct 01 15:20:57 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Mandelbrot:1965:LSU,
author = "Beno{\^\i}t Mandelbrot",
title = "{Leo Szilard} and unique decipherability",
journal = j-IEEE-TRANS-INF-THEORY,
volume = "IT-11",
number = "3",
pages = "455--456",
month = "????",
year = "1965",
CODEN = "IETTAW",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.1965.1053782",
ISSN = "0018-9448 (print), 1557-9654 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0018-9448",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 10 17:44:49 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/m/mandelbrot-benoit.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "IEEE Transactions on Information Theory",
journal-URL = "http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=18",
received = "1 February 1965",
}
@Article{McClaughry:1965:BRB,
author = "John McClaughry",
title = "Book Review: {{\booktitle{The Voice of the
Dolphins}}}",
journal = "The Progressive",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "26--29",
month = apr,
year = "1965",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 07:08:49 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Reid:1965:ESM,
author = "R. W. Reid and Richard Thomas and John Stockbridge and
Robert Rietty and James Langahm and Murray Kash",
title = "{Einstein}: The story of the man by his friends",
howpublished = "58-minute black-and-white film from BBC Television,
London, UK.",
year = "1965",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 17:10:53 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
note = "J. Robert Oppenheimer, Thomas Bucky, Helen Dukas,
Patrick Gordon Walker, Banesh Hoffman, Otto Nathan, Leo
Szilard, Edward Teller and A. R. Ubbelohde",
URL = "http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6d1c3ab0",
abstract = "A look at Albert Einstein's life with interviews with
famous friends and footage, note footage of dinner with
George Bernard Shaw.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
xxnote = "Check: The URL document says that the year is 1975,
but there is also a 1969 US version
\cite{Reid:1969:ESM}, so 1965 seems more likely.",
}
@Article{Smith:1965:AH,
author = "Alice Kimball Smith",
title = "After {Hiroshima}",
journal = "Chicago Today",
volume = "2",
number = "2",
pages = "22--29",
month = "Summer",
year = "1965",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 17:28:56 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb4609073r",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "This article, excerpted from \cite{Smith:1965:PHS}, is
largely about the postwar activities of some members of
the Manhattan Project, and of them, primarily Leo
Szilard, and his role in founding the \booktitle{Atomic
Scientists of Chicago} and its famous
\booktitle{Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists} with its
Doomsday Clock on the cover.",
}
@Book{Smith:1965:PHS,
author = "Alice Kimball Smith",
title = "A peril and a hope; the scientists' movement in
{America}, 1945--47",
publisher = pub-U-CHICAGO,
address = pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
pages = "xiv + 591",
year = "1965",
LCCN = "Q127.U6 S6",
bibdate = "Sat Oct 8 08:46:18 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "The full (though possibly censored) Franck Report is
reprinted in an Appendix.",
subject = "Science; United States; Atomic bomb",
}
@Book{Wiesner:1965:WSP,
author = "Jerome B. (Jerome Bert) Wiesner",
title = "Where Science and Politics Meet",
publisher = pub-MCGRAW-HILL,
address = pub-MCGRAW-HILL:adr,
pages = "viii + 302",
year = "1965",
LCCN = "Q127.U6 W5",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 07:12:04 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Pages 176--179 and 226--227 discuss Leo Szilard's
proposals for nuclear disarmament.",
URL = "http://calteches.library.caltech.edu/2395/1/books.pdf;
http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1915--1994",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Article appears in sequential pages 1--3 of UCSD PDF
file. There are index entries for Leo Szilard on pages
176, 179, and 226.",
shorttableofcontents = "I: Where Science and Politics Meet \\
II: Education for Modern Life \\
III: Learning About Disarmament",
subject = "Science and state; United States",
tableofcontents = "Preface v \\
Part I --- Where Science and Politics Meet \\
1. John F. Kennedy: A Remembrance / 3 \\
2. Science and Presidential Leadership / 13 \\
3. Science and Man's View of Himself / 19 \\
4. Technology and Society / 30 \\
5. Living with Science / 41 \\
6. Science in the Affluent Society / 54 \\
7. Federal Research and Development: Policies and
Prospects / 66 \\
8. Water Resources and Research / 87 \\
Part II --- Education for Modern Life \\
Introduction / 99 \\
1. In Defense of a Comprehensive Federal Education
Program / 101 \\
2. Meeting Our Technological Manpower Needs / 109 \\
3. Education for Productivity in the Sciences / 120 \\
4. Science and Education for Developing Nations / 132
\\
5. The Role of Science and Technology in Industrial
Development / 146 \\
6. What to Do about Scientific Information / 154 \\
Part III --- Learning About Disarmament \\
Introduction / 165 \\
1. The Relationship of Military Technology, Strategy
and Arms Control / 173 \\
2. A Report on the 1958 Conference Convened to Reduce
the Danger of Surprise Attack / 181 \\
3. Comprehensive Arms Limitation Systems / 209 \\
4. Inspection for Disarmament / 247 \\
5. National Security and the Nuclear Test Ban / 279 \\
Index / 297",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1966:EUS,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Editorial: Universities and Secrecy",
journal = j-NY-TIMES,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "46--46",
day = "7",
month = sep,
year = "1966",
CODEN = "NYTIAO",
ISSN = "0362-4331 (print), 1542-667X, 1553-8095",
ISSN-L = "0362-4331",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 09:39:57 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb7851423b",
abstract = "Back in 1939, two young nuclear physicists, Leo
Szilard and V. S. Weisskopf, created a sensation among
their university colleagues by suggesting the
imposition of voluntary secrecy on the then new
findings about nuclear fission. Accustomed to
publishing everything freely, many of those approached
were shocked by the idea and some refused. Szilard and
Weisskopf, of course, had already foreseen the
possibility of the atomic bomb. Their plea for secrecy
was born of fear that continuing publication by Western
scientists might help Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany
obtain this dreadful weapon first.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times",
journal-URL = "http://www.nytimes.com/",
}
@Book{Feis:1966:ABE,
author = "Herbert Feis",
title = "The atomic bomb and the end of {World War II}",
publisher = pub-PRINCETON,
address = pub-PRINCETON:adr,
edition = "Revised",
pages = "vi + 213",
year = "1966",
LCCN = "D767.2 .F4 1966",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:31:41 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Leo Szilard is mentioned on pages 50--51.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1893--1972",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential pages 38--39 of UCSD PDF file. Originally
published in 1961 under the title: Japan subdued: The
Atomic Bomb and the End of the War in the Pacific",
subject = "World War, 1939--1945; Japan",
}
@Article{Smith:1966:RAK,
author = "Alice Kimball Smith",
title = "{Rabinowitch} Awarded {Kalinga Prize}",
journal = j-SCIENCE,
volume = "153",
number = "3744",
pages = "1627--1627",
day = "30",
month = sep,
year = "1966",
CODEN = "SCIEAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.153.3744.1627",
ISSN = "0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8075",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:38:27 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb3312135f",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencemag.org/archive/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Ehrenberg:1967:MD,
author = "W. Ehrenberg",
title = "{Maxwell}'s Demon",
journal = j-SCI-AMER,
volume = "217",
number = "5",
pages = "103--110",
month = nov,
year = "1967",
CODEN = "SCAMAC",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1167-103",
ISSN = "0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8733",
bibdate = "Sat May 18 15:58:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sciam1960.bib",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican/journal/v217/n5/pdf/scientificamerican1167-103.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Scientific American",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican",
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 332]{Lanouette:1992:GSB} as an
example of the early influence of Leo Szilard in
information theory.",
}
@Article{McDayter:1967:GBB,
author = "Walt McDayter and Norman Drew",
title = "The Giants: The Bomb Builders",
journal = "Denver Post",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "3",
month = feb,
year = "1967",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:16:20 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "This is a reasonably accurate 83-frame comic strip on
the history of the building of the atomic bomb, with
Leo Szilard as the central figure of the story.",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb0103915g",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
pagecount = "7",
remark = "The caption on the first frame is: ``Between the world
wars, Germany is a leader in atomic research. It's in
Berlin that Albert Einstein and a Hungarian physicist,
Leo Szilard, are working on X-rays and
thermodynamics.''",
xxkeywords = "Albert Einstein; Leo Szilard; Walter Zinn; Adolph
Hitler; (US President) Franklin Roosevelt; Alexander
Sachs; Enrico Fermi; Day of Infamy (7 December 1941);
Stagg Field Reactor; world's first sustained chain
reaction; Eugene Wigner; Los Alamos; J. Robert
Oppenheimer; Klaus Fuchs; Bruno Rossi; Niels Bohr;
Winston Churchill; Leslie R. Groves; Ernest Rutherford;
Louis Slotin; Operation Trinity; Tinian Island; Josef
Stalin; Hiroshima; Nagasaki; Harry S Truman; Partial
Test Ban Treaty; nuclear disarmament",
}
@Article{Wolff:1967:TFY,
author = "Anthony Wolff",
title = "Twenty-Five Years with the Bomb: A conversation with
{Nobel Prize}-winner {Eugene P. Wigner}",
journal = "Look Magazine",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "58, 60--61",
day = "26",
month = dec,
year = "1967",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 17:50:57 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb5564714p",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Edward Teller; Eugene Wigner; Leo
Szilard",
remark = "Contains Wigner's recollections of how the 1939 letter
from Albert Einstein to US President Franklin Delano
Roosevelt was prepared.",
}
@Book{Lapp:1968:WC,
author = "Ralph Eugene Lapp",
title = "The weapons culture",
publisher = pub-NORTON,
address = pub-NORTON:adr,
pages = "230",
year = "1968",
LCCN = "UF767 .L273 1968",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 05:43:46 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1917--",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
subject = "Nuclear weapons; United States; Defenses",
}
@Book{Marton:1968:EHE,
author = "L. (Ladislaus) Marton",
title = "Early history of the electron microscope",
publisher = "San Francisco Press",
address = "San Francisco, CA, USA",
pages = "viii + 56",
year = "1968",
LCCN = "QH212.E4 M35",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 07:58:17 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "With a preface by Dennis Gabor [Nobel Prize in Physics
1971 ``for his invention and development of the
holographic method''].",
series = "History of technology monographs",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1901--",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Leo Szilard is mentioned on page vi and twice on page
56.",
subject = "Electron microscopes",
}
@Book{Haberer:1969:PCS,
author = "Joseph Haberer",
title = "Politics and the Community of Science",
publisher = pub-VAN-NOSTRAND-REINHOLD,
address = pub-VAN-NOSTRAND-REINHOLD:adr,
pages = "vi + 337",
year = "1969",
LCCN = "Q125 .H23 1969",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 6 07:36:42 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Edward Teller; Enrico Fermi; Hans
Bethe; J. Robert Oppenheimer; Niels Bohr; Werner
Heisenberg",
subject = "Science and state; Science and civilization",
}
@Book{Lapp:1969:WC,
author = "Ralph Eugene Lapp",
title = "The weapons culture",
publisher = pub-PENGUIN,
address = pub-PENGUIN:adr,
pages = "236",
year = "1969",
ISBN = "0-14-021138-1",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-14-021138-2",
LCCN = "UF767 .L273 1969",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 05:43:46 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
series = "Pelican books",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1917--",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
subject = "Nuclear weapons; United States; Defenses",
}
@Misc{Reid:1969:ESM,
author = "R. W. Reid and Richard Thomas and John Stockbridge and
Robert Rietty and James Langahm and Murray Kash",
title = "{Einstein}: The story of the man by his friends",
howpublished = "42-minute black-and-white motion picture from
Time-Life Films, Paramus, NJ, USA.",
year = "1969",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 17:10:53 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
note = "J. Robert Oppenheimer, Thomas Bucky, Helen Dukas,
Patrick Gordon Walker, Banesh Hoffman, Otto Nathan, Leo
Szilard, Edward Teller and A. R. Ubbelohde",
abstract = "A look at Albert Einstein's life with interviews with
famous friends and footage, note footage of dinner with
George Bernard Shaw.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Wigner:1969:LSB,
author = "E. P. Wigner",
title = "{Leo Szilard} 1898--1964: A Biographical Memoir",
journal = j-BIOGR-MEM-NAT-ACAD-SCI,
volume = "40",
pages = "335--347",
year = "1969",
CODEN = "BMNSAC",
ISSN = "0077-2933",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 09:57:52 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
URL = "http://books.nap.edu/html/biomems/lszilard.pdf;
http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6827526c",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Biographical memoirs --- National Academy of Sciences
of the United States of America",
xxtitle = "{Leo Szilard, February 11, 1898--May 30, 1964}",
}
@Article{Anonymous:196x:ESU,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Expert Says Use Of Nuclear Weapons `Inevitable' If
Victory {U.S.} Goal",
journal = "The Oregonian",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "??",
month = jan,
year = "1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 31 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@InCollection{Asimov:196x:SL,
author = "Isaac Asimov",
booktitle = "Encyclopedia of Men and Women of Science",
title = "{Szilard, Leo}",
publisher = "????",
address = "????",
pages = "466-",
year = "196x",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential pages 36--37 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Roberts:196x:SOF,
author = "Jack Roberts",
title = "{A}-Scientist Offers Formula to Avoid Hot War",
journal = "Reporter [{Portland, Oregon}]",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "??",
month = "????",
year = "196x",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential page 28 of UCSD PDF file.",
}
@Article{Infeld:1970:LIB,
author = "Eryk Infeld",
title = "{Leopold Infeld} bibliography",
journal = j-GEN-RELATIVITY-GRAV,
volume = "1",
number = "2",
pages = "191--208",
month = jun,
year = "1970",
CODEN = "GRGVA8",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00756897",
ISSN = "0001-7701 (print), 1572-9532 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0001-7701",
bibdate = "Thu Jun 01 16:04:45 2017",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/i/infeld-leopold.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00756897",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "Eryk Infeld (1940--)",
fjournal = "General Relativity and Gravitation",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/10714",
received = "7 April 1970",
remark = "Eryk Infeld is the son of Leopold Infeld; see
\cite{Bergmann:1979:TI}.",
subject-dates = "Leopold Infeld (1898--1968)",
}
@Book{Segre:1970:EFPb,
author = "Emilio Segr{\`e}",
booktitle = "{Enrico Fermi}: physicist",
title = "{Enrico Fermi}: physicist",
publisher = pub-U-CHICAGO,
address = pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
pages = "x + 276",
year = "1970",
ISBN = "0-226-74472-8",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-226-74472-8",
LCCN = "QC16.F46 S4",
bibdate = "Sat Jun 23 11:20:59 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/m/majorana-ettore.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
abstract = "Student, collaborator and lifelong friend of Enrico
Fermi, Emilio Segr{\`e} presents a rich, well-rounded
portrait of the scientist, his methods, intellectual
history, and achievements. Explaining in nontechnical
terms the scientific problems Fermi faced or solved.
Enrico Fermi, Physicist contains illuminating material
concerning Fermi's youth in Italy and the development
of his scientific style. Emilio Segr{\`e} was awarded
the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1959.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Fermi, Enrico",
subject-dates = "1901--1954",
tableofcontents = "Family background and youth \\
Apprenticeship \\
Professor at Rome \\
Emigration and the war years \\
Professor at Chicago \\
Appendixes \\
1. Letters to Enrico Persico \\
2. Artificial radioactivity produced by neutron
bombardment \\
3. Physics at Columbia University \\
4. The development of the first chain-reacting pile",
}
@Book{Smith:1970:PHS,
author = "Alice Kimball Smith",
title = "A peril and a hope; the scientists' movement in
{America}, 1945--47",
publisher = pub-MIT,
address = pub-MIT:adr,
pages = "xvi + 398",
year = "1970",
ISBN = "0-262-69026-8",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-262-69026-3",
LCCN = "Q127.U6 S6 1971",
bibdate = "Thu Dec 15 06:54:02 MST 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "The full (though possibly censored) Franck Report is
reprinted on pages 371--383.",
subject = "Science; United States; Atomic bomb",
}
@Article{Zeisel:1970:CS,
author = "Hans Zeisel",
title = "Communications: On {Szilard}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "26",
number = "7",
pages = "41--41",
month = sep,
year = "1970",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Oct 05 07:13:49 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Scott:1971:PPW,
author = "Walter Scott",
title = "Personality Parade: Who is {Leo Szilard}?",
journal = "Rocky Mountain News",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "30",
month = may,
year = "1971",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 18:23:46 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb7168822g",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "This syndicated column was widely reproduced in US
newspapers. From the short article: ``He [Szilard] has
been named along with Einstein, Freud, Gandhi, and
Churchill as one of the most important men of modern
times. \ldots{} Szilard not only wrote original papers
on the cyclotron, the electronic microscope,
information theory, automation, and the nuclear chain
reaction, but a political and philosophical tract
entitled `The Voice of the Dolphins'.''",
}
@Article{Szilard:1971:CLC,
author = "Gertrud Weiss Szilard",
title = "Communications: Lunar Craters",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "27",
number = "4",
pages = "4--4",
month = apr,
year = "1971",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Oct 05 09:22:37 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "The author observers that craters on the Moon have
been named after Albert Einstein, Enrico Fermi, J.
Robert Oppenheimer, and Leo Szilard (at 34N 106E on the
far side).",
}
@InCollection{Lash:1972:WHY,
author = "Joseph P. Lash",
booktitle = "{Eleanor} and {Franklin}: the story of their
relationship, based on {Eleanor Roosevelt}'s private
papers",
title = "The {White House} Years: The 1944 Campaign",
publisher = pub-NORTON,
address = pub-NORTON:adr,
edition = "Third",
bookpages = "xviii + 765",
pages = "704--705, 707, 70?",
year = "1972",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 11:10:14 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Sequential pages 80--83 of UCSD PDF file.",
xxnote = "Last page from the book is incorrectly scanned, with
loss of the page number and leading text.",
}
@Article{Anderson:1973:TQA,
author = "Herbert Anderson",
title = "Three questions about the sustained nuclear chain
reaction",
journal = "The {University of Chicago} Magazine",
volume = "65",
number = "5",
pages = "3--7",
month = mar # "\slash " # apr,
year = "1973",
ISSN = "0041-9508",
ISSN-L = "0041-9508",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 17:09:06 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb3960604v",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Alexander Sachs; Arthur Compton; Edward Teller; Enrico
Fermi; Ernest Rutherford; Eugene Wigner; Franklin
Delano Roosevelt; H. G. Wells; Leo Szilard; Lise
Meitner; Lyman Briggs; Niels Bohr; Otto Frisch",
remark = "From page 5: ``It was curious how he [Szilard] came to
Columbia [University]. He was not a member of the
faculty. He just sort of appeared one day, because he
knew that that's where the action would be. He went to
the dean, who appointed him a guest scientist. He then
participated in some of the experiments.''",
}
@InProceedings{Anonymous:1973:LS,
author = "Anonymous",
booktitle = "Encyclopedia of World Biography",
title = "{Leo Szilard}",
volume = "10",
publisher = pub-MCGRAW-HILL,
address = pub-MCGRAW-HILL:adr,
pages = "316--317",
year = "1973",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 07:16:50 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb6554482m",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Article appears in sequential pages 4--5 of PDF
file.",
}
@InCollection{Bronowski:1973:PTL,
author = "Jacob Bronowski",
title = "The principle of tolerance: {Leo Szilard}",
crossref = "Bronowski:1973:AM",
pages = "368--374",
year = "1973",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 16:34:13 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Gabor:1973:BBC,
author = "Dennis Gabor",
title = "Books: {{\booktitle{The Collected Works of Leo
Szilard, Scientific Papers}}, edited by Bernard T. Feld
and Gertrud Weiss Szilard}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "29",
number = "7",
pages = "51--52",
month = sep,
year = "1973",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Oct 07 06:15:48 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Murphy:1973:SPH,
author = "Patricia Murphy",
title = "{Szilard} Papers in Her Trust",
journal = "Los Angeles Times",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "18",
month = apr,
year = "1973",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 07:00:49 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Rotblat:1973:SFL,
author = "J. {Rotblat}",
title = "The Sixteen Faces of {Leo Szilard}",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "242",
number = "5392",
pages = "67--68",
month = mar,
year = "1973",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/242067a0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1973Natur.242...67R",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
}
@Article{Anderson:1974:AOTa,
author = "Herbert L. Anderson",
title = "``{All} in our Time'': The Legacy of {Fermi} and
{Szilard}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "30",
number = "7",
pages = "56--62",
month = sep,
year = "1974",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Thu Jun 21 11:10:58 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "Continued in \cite{Anderson:1974:AOTb}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Anderson:1974:AOTb,
author = "Herbert L. Anderson",
title = "``{All} in our Time'': {Fermi}, {Szilard}, and
{Trinity}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "30",
number = "8",
pages = "40--47",
month = oct,
year = "1974",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Thu Jun 21 11:15:13 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See also part 1 \cite{Anderson:1974:AOTa}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
xxtitle = "The Legacy of {Fermi} and {Szilard}",
}
@Article{Frisch:1974:BRC,
author = "O. R. Frisch",
title = "Book Review: {{\booktitle{The Collected Works of Leo
Szilard: Scientific Papers}}, by Bernard T. Feld and
Gertrude Weiss Szilard (eds.), London: MIT Press 1973,
pp. xxii + 737}",
journal = j-PHYS-BULL,
volume = "25",
number = "1",
pages = "27--27",
month = jan,
year = "1974",
CODEN = "PHSBB4",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9112/25/1/038",
ISSN = "0031-9112",
bibdate = "Fri May 4 18:47:28 2018",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Bulletin",
journal-URL = "http://iopscience.iop.org/0031-9112",
}
@InProceedings{Gabor:1974:HEM,
author = "Dennis Gabor",
editor = "J. V. Sanders",
booktitle = "Electron Microscopy 1974: abstracts of papers
presented to the {Eight International Congress on
Electron Microscopy, held in Canberra, Australia August
25--31, 1974}",
title = "History of the electron microscope, from ideas to
achievements",
volume = "1",
publisher = "The Australian Academy of Science",
address = "Canberra, ACT, Australia",
bookpages = "xxxi + 741",
pages = "6--12",
year = "1974",
ISBN = "0-85847-027-6",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-85847-027-9",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 08:15:32 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Goldberg:1974:BRB,
author = "Stanley Goldberg",
title = "Book Review: {{\booktitle{The Collected Works of Leo
Szilard. Volume I: Scientific Papers}} by Bernard T.
Feld; Gertrud Weiss Szilard}",
journal = j-ISIS,
volume = "65",
number = "3",
pages = "425--426",
month = sep,
year = "1974",
CODEN = "ISISA4",
ISSN = "0021-1753 (print), 1545-6994 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0021-1753",
bibdate = "Tue Jul 30 21:29:12 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublication?journalCode=isis;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/i302309;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/isis1970.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/228993",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Isis",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/page/journal/isis/about.html",
}
@Article{Halasz:1974:LSR,
author = "Nicholas Hal{\'a}sz and Robert Hal{\'a}sz",
title = "{Leo Szilard}, the Reluctant Father of the Atom Bomb",
journal = j-NEW-HUNG-Q,
volume = "15",
number = "55",
pages = "163--173",
month = "Autumn",
year = "1974",
ISSN = "0028-5390",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 07:32:05 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb75101231",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The New Hungarian Quarterly",
journal-URL = "http://www.hungarianquarterly.com/",
remark-1 = "From page 165: ``\ldots{}, Szilard decided to take out
a secret patent [on the nuclear chain reaction],
limiting access to the discovery. A secret patent in
Britain could be granted only to a British authority,
so Szilard had it assigned to the British Admiralty.
Because of his care, these findings were not made
public until 1949, long after the first atomic bombs
had fallen over Hiroshima and Nagasaki.''",
remark-2 = "From page 167: ``But in 1941, America was at war, and
things began to happen. Szilard was put to work in the
Chicago branch of the atomic research programme (The
Manhattan Project), being appointed Chief Physicist of
the Metallurgical Laboratories. He served as such from
1942 to 1945, and the 30 papers he submitted to the
project on many aspects of nuclear development testify
to the intensity of his participation during this
period.''",
remark-3 = "From page 167: ``Enrico Fermi described Szilard, his
collaborator at the making of the first atomic reactor,
`a man with an astounding amount of ideas.' Another
Nobel Prize winner, James Franck said once that it
wouldn't be a bad idea to put Szilard in deep freeze
and defrost him when they run into a tough problem.''",
remark-4 = "From page 168: ``Ralph E. Lapp wrote in his book
\cite{Lapp:1968:WC}, published in 1968: `I have in my
files one of Szilard's earliest memoranda, dated
Aug[ust] 14, 1945, one paragraph of which reflects his
concern about the postwar hazard of civilian power
development. Szilard implicitly assumed that the
control problem would be virtually impossible if
nuclear power were to proliferate around the world.'",
remark-5 = "From page 169: ``He [Szilard] charged that the
military management of the atomic project had caused
serious delays in the making of the bomb. A more
enlightened British policy had enabled British
scientists in 1941 to give the U.S. important
information it lacked. `Had we in the U.S. followed the
British example and learned their conclusions in 1940,
we most likely would have had bombs ready before the
invasion of Europe. But the excessive secretiveness of
the military impeded communication even between
departments of the Project. It made (it) impossible for
American scientists to discuss with Canadian scientists
plutonium techniques. The Canadians developed a process
superior and more efficient than the American.'",
}
@Article{Weinberg:1974:BRB,
author = "Alvin M. Weinberg",
title = "Book Review: {{\booktitle{The Collected Works of Leo
Szilard: Scientific Papers}, edited by Bernard T. Feld
and Gertrude Weiss Szilard}}",
journal = j-AMER-J-PHYSICS,
volume = "42",
number = "3",
pages = "261--263",
month = mar,
year = "1974",
CODEN = "AJPIAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1987668",
ISSN = "0002-9505 (print), 1943-2909 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0002-9505",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1974AmJPh..42..261F;
http://ajp.aapt.org/resource/1/ajpias/v42/i3/p261_s1",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "American Journal of Physics",
journal-URL = "http://scitation.aip.org/content/aapt/journal/ajp",
}
@Article{Kathren:1975:LP,
author = "Ronald L. Kathren",
title = "Letters: Also Present",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "31",
number = "1",
pages = "3--3",
month = jan,
year = "1975",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Oct 07 18:50:40 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "The author notes that Carl C. Gamertsfelder was
omitted from the list of participants at the first test
of the Chicago pile (CP-1) on 2 December 1942 given in
\cite{Anderson:1974:AOTa,Anderson:1974:AOTb}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Steiner:1975:BAS,
author = "A. Steiner",
title = "Baptism of Atomic Scientists",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "31",
number = "2",
pages = "21--28",
month = feb,
year = "1975",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 17:28:28 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Arthur H. Compton; Franck Report; Harry S. Truman;
Henry L. Stimson; J. Robert Oppenheimer; James B.
Conant; James Franck; Leo Szilard; Vannevar Bush",
}
@Article{York:1975:SAT,
author = "Herbert F. York",
title = "Sounders of the alarm: Thirty years of attempts to
bring the world to grips with the perpetual menace to
human security",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "31",
number = "10",
pages = "43--45",
month = dec,
year = "1975",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Tue Oct 08 10:28:22 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Bernard Baruch; J. Robert Oppenheimer; Leo Szilard;
Niels Bohr",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1976:POD,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "The Periodical Observer: Dynamic Duo Confronts
Refrigerator Menace: {``The Einstein--Szilard
Refrigerators''} by Gene Dannen, in
\booktitle{Scientific American} (Jan. 1997)",
journal = j-WILSON-Q,
volume = "21",
number = "2",
pages = "117--142 (133--134)",
month = "Spring",
year = "1976",
ISSN = "0363-3276",
ISSN-L = "0363-3276",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 08:06:24 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/40259469",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Wilson Quarterly (1976--2012)",
}
@Book{Bernstein:1976:ABC,
editor = "Barton J. Bernstein",
title = "The Atomic Bomb: The Critical Issues",
publisher = pub-LITTLE-BROWN,
address = pub-LITTLE-BROWN:adr,
pages = "xix + 169",
year = "1976",
LCCN = "E183 .A85",
bibdate = "Thu Mar 29 18:22:40 MDT 2007",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
series = "Critical issues in American history series",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "United States; Foreign relations; 1945--1953; Nuclear
warfare; Moral and ethical aspects; Atomic bomb;
History",
tableofcontents = "The official explanation: statement and challenge
\\
Stimson, H. L.: The decision to use the atomic bomb \\
We were anxious to get the war over: an interview with
James F. Byrnes \\
The interim committee discusses the bomb: minutes of
May 31, 1945 \\
Scientists petition the government: the Franck
Committee report \\
Grew, J.: The war could have been ended without the
bomb \\
Was the bomb necessary? \\
Baldwin, H. W.: The atomic bomb, the penalty of
expediency \\
Morison, S. E.: Why Japan surrendered \\
United States Strategic Bombing Survey. Japan's
struggle to end the war \\
Why was the bomb used? \\
Feis, H.: The atomic bomb and the end of World War II
\\
Alperovitz, G.: Atomic diplomacy \\
Kolko, G.: The politics of war: the war with Japan \\
Bernstein, B. J.: The atomic bomb and American foreign
policy: the route to Hiroshima \\
Atomic diplomacy and the moral significance of
Hiroshima \\
Ulam, A.: Re-reading the cold war: revising the
revisionists \\
Rose, L.: The atomic dilemma and atomic diplomacy \\
Bernstein, B. J.: Atomic diplomacy and the cold war \\
Herken, G. F.: Atomic diplomacy reversed and revised
\\
Macdonald, D.: The bomb: the decline to barbarism",
}
@Book{Herbig:1976:KDA,
author = "Jost Herbig",
title = "{Kettenreaktion: das Drama der Atomphysiker}.
({German}) [{Nuclear} reaction: the drama of the
nuclear physicist]",
publisher = "Hanser-Verlag",
address = "M{\"u}nchen, Germany",
pages = "514 + 8",
year = "1976",
ISBN = "????",
ISBN-13 = "????",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Oct 12 11:54:09 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
note = "Neumann J{\'a}nos (1903--1957), Teller{ }Ede
(1908--2003), Szil{\'a}rd{ }Le{\'o} (1898-1964),
Wigner{ }Jen{\H{o}} (1902--1995)",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
}
@Article{Weart:1976:SS,
author = "Spencer R. Weart",
title = "Scientists with a secret",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "29",
number = "2",
pages = "23--30",
month = feb,
year = "1976",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3023312",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Mon Jul 30 11:44:42 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
note = "Reprinted in \cite[pages 123--129]{Weart:1985:HP}.",
URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v29/i2/p23_s1",
abstract = "While the Nazi war machine was gearing up, a few
physicists realized that a fission chain reaction was
feasible --- would they be able to get all groups to
agree to hold back publication?",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
}
@Article{Zsadanyi:1976:PWJ,
author = "Zsadanyi{ }Oszkar",
title = "P{\'a}rbesz{\'e}d {Wigner Jen{\H{o}}}
{Nobel}-d{\'i}jas professzorral. ({Hungarian})
[{Dialogue} with {Nobel} laureate {Professor Eugene
Wigner}]",
journal = "????",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "1",
month = sep,
year = "1976",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 09:55:21 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb7851423b",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Unpublished{Bronowski:1978:ZGL,
author = "Jacob Bronowski",
title = "{Zehn Gebote von Leo Szilard}. ({German}) [{Ten}
Commandments of {Leo Szilard}]",
year = "1978",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 18:55:18 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Available in the Leo Szilard Papers archive and in
\cite[pages vi--vii]{Weart:1978:LSH}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
}
@Article{Feld:1978:DD,
author = "Bernard T. Feld",
title = "The dilemma of deterrence",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "34",
number = "3",
pages = "12--13",
month = mar,
year = "1978",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 11:25:29 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
abstract = "February 11, 1978 was the 80th anniversary of the
birth of Leo Szilard, one of the most important
spiritual and intellectual leaders of the post-World
War II scientists movement that spawned the
\emph{Bulletin}. Having been personally responsible,
perhaps more than any other individual, for the
American achievement of the Atomic Bomb, Leo spent the
rest of his life in pursuit of a world order that would
guarantee that it would never again be used.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Fenly:1978:ABE,
author = "Leigh Fenly",
title = "The Agony of the Bomb, and Ecstasy of Life with {Leo
Szilard}",
journal = "San Diego Union",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "D-1, D-8",
day = "19",
month = nov,
year = "1978",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 17:43:18 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Yavenditti:1978:ASH,
author = "Michael J. Yavenditti",
title = "Atomic Scientists and {Hollywood}: The Beginning or
the End?",
journal = "Film and History",
volume = "8",
number = "4",
pages = "??--??",
month = dec,
year = "1978",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 07:13:26 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1979:ELSa,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Excerpts: {Leo Szilard}: His version of the facts",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "35",
number = "2",
pages = "37--40",
month = feb,
year = "1979",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 09:52:14 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1979:ELSb,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Excerpts: {Leo Szilard}: His version of the facts:
{Part II}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "35",
number = "3",
pages = "55--59",
month = mar,
year = "1979",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 09:52:14 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1979:LSH,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: His Version of the Facts",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "35",
number = "4",
pages = "28--32",
month = apr,
year = "1979",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1979:PFL,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Part Four: {Leo Szilard}: His Version of the Facts",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "35",
number = "5",
pages = "34--35",
month = may,
year = "1979",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Bullard:1979:SHB,
author = "Edward Bullard",
title = "{Szilard} and his bomb",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "278",
number = "5701",
pages = "285--286",
month = mar,
year = "1979",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/278285a0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Book review of \cite{Szilard:1980:LSH}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1979Natur.278..285B",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
}
@Article{Joravsky:1979:SSB,
author = "David Joravsky",
title = "Scientists as Servants: {{\booktitle{The Physicists:
The History of a Scientific Community in Modern
America}} by Daniel J. Kevles. \booktitle{Scientists in
Power} by Spencer R. Weart. \booktitle{Leo Szilard: His
Version of the Facts} edited by Spencer R. Weart,
edited by Gertrud Weiss Szilard. \booktitle{Science in
a Free Society} by Paul Feyerabend. \booktitle{Against
Method: Outline of an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge}
by Paul Feyerabend}",
journal = j-NEW-YORK-REV-BOOKS,
volume = "26",
number = "11",
pages = "34--39",
day = "28",
month = jun,
year = "1979",
ISSN = "0028-7504 (print), 1944-7744 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-7504",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1979/jun/28/scientists-as-servants/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Review of Books",
journal-URL = "http://www.nybooks.com/issues/",
}
@Article{Povh:1979:ESP,
author = "I. L. Povh and A. D. Barinberg",
title = "From the {Einstein--Szilard} Patent to Modern
Magnetohydrodynamics",
journal = "Impact of Science on Society",
volume = "29",
number = "1",
pages = "49--60",
month = "????",
year = "1979",
ISSN = "0019-2872",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Weinberg:1979:NES,
author = "Alvin M. Weinberg",
title = "Nuclear Energy: Salvaging the Atomic Age",
journal = j-WILSON-Q,
volume = "3",
number = "3",
pages = "88--112",
month = "Summer",
year = "1979",
ISSN = "0363-3276",
ISSN-L = "0363-3276",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 08:06:24 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/40255664",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Wilson Quarterly (1976--2012)",
}
@Article{Allibone:1980:DGJ,
author = "T. E. Allibone",
title = "{Dennis Gabor. 5 June 1900--9 February 1979}",
journal = j-BIOGRAPH-MEMOIRS-FELLOWS-ROY-SOC,
volume = "26",
number = "??",
pages = "106--147",
month = nov,
year = "1980",
CODEN = "BMFRA3",
ISSN = "0080-4606 (print), 1748-8494 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0080-4606",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 12:01:51 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "This memoir discusses Leo Szilard's unsuccessful
attempt to convince his close friend Dennis Gabor
(G{\'a}bor D{\'e}nes in Hungarian) to build the
electronic microscope that Szilard had invented.",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/769781",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00804606.html",
}
@Article{Hughes:1980:SLH,
author = "P. S. Hughes",
title = "{Leo Szilard} --- His Version of the Facts",
journal = j-CONTEMP-SOCIOL,
volume = "9",
number = "4",
pages = "551--552",
month = "????",
year = "1980",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.2307/2066267",
ISSN = "0094-3061 (print), 1939-8638 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0094-3061",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Contemporary Sociology --- a Journal of Reviews",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/journal/contsoci",
}
@Article{Lifton:1980:PNW,
author = "Robert Jay Lifton",
title = "The prevention of nuclear war",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "36",
number = "8",
pages = "38--43",
month = oct,
year = "1980",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Tue Oct 29 11:27:15 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See \cite{Broda:1981:CBJ}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Joliot-Curie; Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Phillips:1980:SLH,
author = "M. Phillips",
title = "{Leo Szilard} --- His Version of the Facts",
journal = "Science \& Society",
volume = "44",
number = "1",
pages = "87--89",
month = "????",
year = "1980",
ISSN = "0036-8237",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Broda:1981:CBJ,
author = "Englebert Broda and Robert Jay Lifton",
title = "Commentary: On behalf of {Joliot}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "37",
number = "3",
pages = "61--61",
month = mar,
year = "1981",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Tue Oct 29 18:20:56 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See \cite{Lifton:1980:PNW}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Joliot-Curie; Leo Szilard",
remark = "Discussion of Szilard's attempt to get Allied nuclear
physicists to suppress publication of their research
just before, and during, World War II, and Joliot's
refusal to do so.",
}
@Article{Feld:1981:GWS,
author = "Bernard T. Feld",
title = "{Gertrud Weiss Szilard, 1909--1981}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "37",
number = "10",
pages = "56--56",
month = dec,
year = "1981",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Wed Oct 30 09:55:34 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Council for a Livable World's Education Fund; Leo
Szilard; Physicians for Social Responsibility; public
health medicine",
}
@Article{Nagy:1981:SFS,
author = "L. G. Nagy",
title = "{Szilard} Fluid Surface Phenomena Connected with
Research",
journal = "Kemiai Kozlemenyek",
volume = "56",
number = "1--2",
pages = "139--145",
month = "????",
year = "1981",
ISSN = "0022-9814",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Ackland:1982:DAA,
author = "Len Ackland",
title = "Dawn of the Atomic Age",
journal = "Chicago Tribune Magazine",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "23--23",
day = "28",
month = nov,
year = "1982",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 19:14:41 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Sargent:1982:SLH,
author = "B. W. Sargent",
title = "{Leo Szilard} --- His Version of the Facts",
journal = "Queens Quarterly",
volume = "89",
number = "1",
pages = "174--177",
month = "????",
year = "1982",
ISSN = "0033-6041",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Gruber:1983:MPM,
author = "Carol S. Gruber",
title = "{Manhattan Project} Maverick: The Case of {Leo
Szilard}",
journal = "Prologue --- Quarterly of the {National Archives}",
volume = "15",
number = "2",
pages = "73--87",
month = "Summer",
year = "1983",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:44:48 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Lanouette:1983:DM,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Dream Machine",
journal = j-ATLANTIC-MONTHLY,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "35--52, 85--86",
month = apr,
year = "1983",
ISSN = "1072-7825 (print), 2151-9463 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1072-7825",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "A 20-page cover story about the history of the nuclear
breeder reactor, a power plant designed to make more
fuel than it consumes, including Szilard's role both
devising and naming the nuclear ``chain reaction'' in
1933 and the ``breeder'' in 1943. Letters and author's
replies in June, pages 6-7; July, pages 6 \& 8; and
August.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "Atlantic Monthly",
keywords = "fast breeder reactor",
remark-1 = "From page 38: ``According to Alvin Weinberg, a
physicist on the Manhattan Project, who later became
the director of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
Szilard gave the breeder its name. The idea, however,
was [Princeton University physicist Louis]
Turner's.''",
remark-2 = "From page 39: ``A different slow-neutron scheme, which
Wigner conceived during the war, improved on the
light-water format. Wigner suggested that a coolant
other than water would avoid the problem of absorption.
Weinberg studied molten salt's potential during the
1950s, and designed a molten-salt-cooled reactor as a
precursor to a breeder in 1957.''",
remark-3 = "From page 42: ``The fuel in a breeder core is
`fundamentally explosive,' Wigner has said; `I don't
like the idea of having thousands of pounds of
plutonium at one place.'\,''",
remark-4 = "From page 52: ``According to Edward Teller, the
breeder `was started by famous people who made the
atomic bomb. And once you get [an idea like this]
started, you cannot stop it. There are vested
interests. Not only the vested interests of industry
but the vested interests of administrators and
politicians who fought for it. And the vested interests
of scientists who put their whole lives into it. And
they get indignant if you propose an alternative, yet
alternatives are there, and we should discuss
them.'\,''",
remark-5 = "From page 85: ``Bernard Feld, who was Leo Szilard's
research assistant on the Manhattan Project and is now
a nuclear physicist at the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology and the editor in chief of \booktitle{The
Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists}, has done
theoretical work on solar energy. He says, `If, like
me, you really feel that fission power is an interim
solution to a difficult problem, and that the long-term
solution we should be looking for is something
involving solar energy, then the breeder looks rather
superfluous.'\,''",
}
@Article{Sakharov:1983:MG,
author = "Andrei Sakharov",
title = "A message from {Gorky}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "39",
number = "6",
pages = "2--3",
month = jun # "\slash " # jul,
year = "1983",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Fri Nov 01 08:07:34 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "The article begins: ``I am grateful and proud to
accept this award, named for a remarkable man and
scientist, Leo Szilard. I know of Szilard's outstanding
scientific merits and of his public activity, which
sprang from his innate, acute feeling of personal
responsibility for the fate of mankind on our planet,
and for the possible consequences of science's great
victories.''",
}
@Article{Teller:1983:SHR,
author = "Edward Teller",
title = "Seven Hours of Reminiscences",
journal = j-LOS-ALAMOS-SCIENCE,
volume = "7",
pages = "190--195",
month = "Winter\slash Spring",
year = "1983",
CODEN = "LASCDI",
ISSN = "0273-7116",
bibdate = "Sat Jul 07 14:56:31 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib",
URL = "http://library.lanl.gov/cgi-bin/getfile?07-22.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Los Alamos Science",
remark = "This article gives Teller's view of a seven-hour BBC
film series about J. Robert Oppenheimer. The article
discusses Teller's role in the building of the atomic
and hydrogen bombs, and in the discussions about
whether to keep the war-time Los Alamos work secret, or
publish it. Teller also gives his views of Lewis
Strauss, General Leslie Groves, and of Oppenheimer's
trustworthiness during the 1953--1954 Atomic Energy
Commission hearings on whether or not to revoke
Oppenheimer's security clearance. The article also
contains reproductions of two letters between Szilard
and Teller, one letter redacted and restored (or
altered) in three lines, discussing Szilard's July 1954
petition to the US President from atomic scientists
opposed to the use of the atomic bomb.",
}
@Misc{Anonymous:1984:ADL,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Address by {Dr. Leo Szilard}",
howpublished = "Press release from \booktitle{The Nation}.",
day = "3",
month = dec,
year = "1984",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 05:29:09 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Anonymous:1984:LSI,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: Inventor of the Atomic Bomb, 1933",
howpublished = "LP Recording by George Garabedian Production",
year = "1984",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 05:24:41 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Two 12-inch 33 1/3 rpm records (about 100 minutes).",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Coser:1984:RSA,
author = "Lewis A. Coser",
title = "Refugee Scholars in {America}: Their Impact and Their
Experiences",
publisher = pub-YALE,
address = pub-YALE:adr,
pages = "xviii + 351",
year = "1984",
ISBN = "0-300-03193-9",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-300-03193-5",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 06:17:26 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "There is a single brief mention of Leo Szilard on page
155: the book is mostly about political and social
scientists, economists, and psychologists.",
tableofcontents = "Preface / xi \\
Acknowledgments / xvii \\
I Introduction \\
The Refugees: Loss and Generation of Prestige / 3\\
II Psychology and Psychoanalysis \\
Introduction / 19 \\
Kurt Lewin (1890---1947) and the Renaissance of Social
Psychology / 22 \\
Wolfgang Koehler (1887--1967), Kurt Koffka
(1886--1941), and Max Wertheimer (1880-1943): The
Gestalt Triumvirate in America / 28 \\
Charlotte Buehler (1893--1974) and Karl Buehler
(1879--1963): Casualties of Exile / 37 \\
European Psychoanalysts in America: The Promised Land /
42 \\
Erich Homburger Erikson (1902--) and Wilhelm Reich
(1897--1957): Creative Innovation and Sectarian
Rebellion in Psychoanalysis / 55 \\
Bruno Bettelheim (1903--): Psychotherapist and Cultural
Critic / 63 \\
Erich Fromm (1900--1980): Neo-Freudian Psychoanalyst
and Social Critic / 69 \\
Karen Horney (1885--1952): Cultural Critic and Theorist
of Feminism / 76 \\
III Sociology and Social Thought \\
Introduction / 85 \\
The Institute for Social Research and ``Critical
Theory'' in America / 90 \\
The New School for Social Research: A Collective
Portrait / 102 \\
Paul F. Lazarsfeld (1901-1976): From Austro--Marxist to
Founding Father of American Social Research / 110 \\
Alfred Schutz (1899--1959): Fountainhead of
Phenomenological Sociology / 121 \\
Karl August Wittfogel (1896--): Asian Scholar and Odd
Man Out / 126 \\
IV Economics and Economic History \\
Introduction / 137 \\
Ludwig von Mises (1881--1973), Oskar Morgenstern
(1902--1977), Fritz Machlup (1902--1983), and Gottfried
von Haberler (1900--): The Austrian School of Economics
in America / 139 \\
Jacob Marschak (1898--1977): Pioneer of Econometrics /
151 \\
Alexander Gerschenkron (1904--1978) and Albert O.
Hirschman (1915--): Two Students of Economic
Backwardness and Development / 157 \\
Karl Polanyi (1886--1964) and Paul Baran (1909--1964):
Maverick Economic Historian and Maverick Economist /
169 \\
George Katona (1901--1981), Peter Drucker (1909--), and
Fritz Redlich (1892--1978): Three Innovating Students
of Economic Behavior / 180 \\
V Political Science and Political Theory \\
Introduction / 187 \\
Hannah Arendt (1906--1975): Self-Proclaimed Pariah /
189 \\
Franz Neumann (1900--1954): Marxist on the Way to
Liberalism / 197 \\
Leo Strauss (1899--1973): Political Philosopher and
Guide to the Modern Perplexed / 202 \\
Karl W. Deutsch (1912--): An Academic Success Story /
208 \\
Eric Voegelin (1901--): Conservative Gadfly of the
Political Science Establishment / 214 \\
Hans Morgenthau (1904--1980): Advocate and Critic of
Power Politics / 219 \\
VI Writers \\
Introduction / 227 \\
Exiled Writers in New York and Hollywood / 229 \\
Hermann Broch (1886--1951): The Complete Outsider / 236
\\
Thomas Mann (1875--1955): Insider Yet Outsider / 239
\\
Vladimir Nabokov (1899--1977): Reluctant Insider / 243
\\
VII The Humanities \\
Introduction / 249 \\
Roman Jakobson (1896--1982): Elder statesman of
linguistics / 250 \\
Erwin Panofsky (1892--1968) and the Influence of
Refugee Art Historian in America / 255 \\
Erich Auerbach (I 92--1957), Leo Spitzer (1887--1960),
and Ren{\'e} Wellek (1903--): Comparative Literature /
261 \\
Werner Jaeger (1888--1961) and the Impact of European
Refugees on American Classical Scholarship / 271 \\
Hajo Holborn (1902--1969). Felix Gilben (1905--), Hans
Rosenberg (1904--), and Paul Oskar Kristeller (1905-):
Refugee Historian / 27 \\
VIII Philosophy and Theology \\
Introduction / 297 \\
Rudolf Carnap (1891--1970) and the Vienna Circle in
America: A Success Story / 29 \\
Aron Gurwitsch (1901--1973) and the Early
Phenomenological Movement in America / 307 \\
Paul Tillich (1886--1965): Refugee Theologian {\`a} la
mode Am{\'e}ricaine / 313 \\
Notes / 321 \\
Index / 345",
}
@Article{Feld:1984:LSS,
author = "Bernard Feld",
title = "{Leo Szilard}, Scientist for All Seasons",
journal = "Social Research",
volume = "51",
number = "3",
pages = "675--690",
month = "????",
year = "1984",
ISSN = "0037-783X",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 08:52:44 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Reingold:1984:MMA,
author = "Nathan Reingold",
title = "{MGM} Meets the Atomic Bomb",
journal = j-WILSON-Q,
volume = "8",
number = "4",
pages = "154--163",
month = "Autumn",
year = "1984",
ISSN = "0363-3276",
ISSN-L = "0363-3276",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 05:54:55 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/40256804",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Wilson Quarterly (1976--2012)",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "This paper discusses the 1946 MGM movie \booktitle{The
Beginning or the End}, and notes a number of serious
flaws in it from the Hollywoodization of the story of
the development of atomic weapons in the Manhattan
Project. It reports that although several people who
were in that Project were consulted about the accuracy
of the movie script, ``Appalled by inaccuracies and
outright fabrications, Lise Meitner and Niels Bohr
spurned all of MGM's entreaties and had to be written
out of the movie altogether.''",
}
@Article{Rider:1984:AOE,
author = "Robin E. Rider",
title = "Alarm and Opportunity: Emigration of Mathematicians
and Physicists to {Britain} and the {United States},
1933--1945",
journal = j-HIST-STUD-PHYS-SCI,
volume = "15",
number = "1",
pages = "107--176",
month = "????",
year = "1984",
CODEN = "HSPSAS",
ISSN = "0073-2672",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 28 19:35:30 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00732672.html;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/slater-john-clarke.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/hsns.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/27757544",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00732672.html",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1985:BBN,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Background Books: Nuclear Power",
journal = j-WILSON-Q,
volume = "9",
number = "5",
pages = "132--133",
month = "Winter",
year = "1985",
ISSN = "0363-3276",
ISSN-L = "0363-3276",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/40256965",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Wilson Quarterly (1976--2012)",
}
@Article{Bess:1985:LSS,
author = "Michael Bess",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: scientist, activist, visionary",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "41",
number = "11",
pages = "11--18",
month = dec,
year = "1985",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 10:44:55 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Book{Boyer:1985:BEL,
author = "Paul S. Boyer",
title = "By the Bomb's Early Light: {American} Thought and
Culture at the Dawn of the {Atomic Age}",
publisher = pub-PANTHEON,
address = pub-PANTHEON:adr,
pages = "xx + 440",
year = "1985",
ISBN = "0-394-52878-6, 0-394-74767-4",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-394-52878-6, 978-0-394-74767-5",
LCCN = "E169.12 .B684 1985",
bibdate = "Fri Aug 8 14:45:28 MDT 2008",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
price = "US\$22.50",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "United States; civilization; 1945--; atomic bomb;
moral and ethical aspects",
tableofcontents = "First reactions \\
Overture: the world-government movement \\
The atomic scientists: from bomb-makers to political
sages \\
Anodyne to terror: fantasies of a techno-atomic utopia
\\
The social implications of atomic energy: prophecies
and prescriptions \\
The crisis of morals and values \\
Culture and consciousness in the early atomic era \\
The end of the beginning: settling in for the long
haul",
}
@Article{Brown:1985:ELP,
author = "Harrison Brown",
title = "From the {Editors}; Linking past and future",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "41",
number = "7",
pages = "4--7",
month = aug,
year = "1985",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Jul 14 18:13:26 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Leo Szilard",
remark = "1945--1985 40th anniversary issue.",
}
@Article{Lanouette:1985:AE,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Atomic Energy, 1945--1985",
journal = j-WILSON-Q,
volume = "9",
number = "5",
pages = "90--131",
month = "Winter",
year = "1985",
ISSN = "0363-3276",
ISSN-L = "0363-3276",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "A 43-page history of nuclear power's past and
potential, citing Szilard's pivotal role in conceiving
the nuclear chain reaction and creating the first
nuclear reactor.",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/40256964",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "The Wilson Quarterly (1976--2012)",
remark = "Contains numerous mentions of Leo Szilard.",
xxnote = "Check: is JSTOR missing the last two pages?? No, pages
132--133 are \cite{Anonymous:1985:BBN}.",
xxpages = "90--133",
}
@Article{Segre:1985:HPR,
author = "Emilio Segr{\`e}",
title = "Historical Perspective: Refugee Scientists and Nuclear
Energy",
journal = j-ANN-NY-ACAD-SCI,
volume = "452",
number = "1",
bookpages = "xix + 411",
pages = "xv--xix",
year = "1985",
CODEN = "ANYAA9",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb29993.x",
ISBN = "0-89766-298-9, 0-89766-299-7 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-89766-298-7, 978-0-89766-299-4 (paperback)",
ISSN = "0077-8923 (print), 1749-6632 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0077-8923",
bibdate = "Wed Mar 6 17:26:04 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/peierls-rudolf.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/schroedinger-erwin.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
note = "Sixth International Conference on Collective
Phenomena: reports from the Moscow Refusnik Seminar /
edited by Inga Fischer-Hjalmars and Joel L. Lebowitz.
Contributions from the Moscow Refusnik Seminar and from
two International Conferences on Collective Phenomena,
one held in Stockholm, Sweden, 1--2 December 1983, and
the other in Tel Aviv, Israel, 31 May--1 June 1984.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences",
journal-URL = "http://www.nyas.org/Publications/Archive.aspx",
keywords = "Hans Bethe; Niels Bohr; Max Born; Walther Bothe; James
Chadwick; Orso Mario Corbino; Marie Curie; Peter Debye;
Paul S. Epstein; Enrico Fermi; James Franck; Otto
Robert Frisch; Klaus Fuchs; Hans Geiger; Samuel
Goudsmit; General Leslie R. Groves; Fritz Haber; Otto
Hahn; Adolf Hitler; K. Lark Horowitz; Fritz G.
Houtermans; Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Joliot-Curie; George B.
Kistiakowsky; Lew Kowarski; A. L. Hughes; Fritz London;
Lise Meitner; Benito Mussolini; Lothar W. Nordheim;
Wolfgang Pauli; Rudolf Peierls; Francis Perrin; George
Placzek; Giulio Racah; Bruno Rossi; Joseph Rotblat;
Ernest Rutherford; Erwin Schr{\"o}dinger; Emilio
Segr{\`e}; ?. Staub; Otto Stern; Leo Szilard; Edward
Teller; Llewellyn H. Thomas; George Uhlenbeck; Victor
Weisskopf; Eugene P. Wigner; Fritz Zwicky; Theodore von
K{\'a}rm{\'a}n; John von Neumann; Hans von Halben;
George von Hevesy",
remark = "From the last paragraph: ``My list is not complete but
it should suffice to show the contribution of Hitler to
the atomic bomb. Of course his most important
contribution was the unparalleled motivation he gave to
everybody.''",
}
@Article{Sherwin:1985:RHW,
author = "Martin J. Sherwin",
title = "Retrospectives: How well they meant",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "41",
number = "7",
pages = "9--15",
month = aug,
year = "1985",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Jul 14 18:13:26 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
abstract = "Scientists propelled to act by fear of a German bomb
soon became alarmed at the consequences of their own
success.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Arthur H. Compton; J. Robert Oppenheimer; James
Conant; James Franck; Leo Szilard; Niels Bohr",
remark = "1945--1985 40th anniversary issue.",
}
@Article{Badash:1986:NFR,
author = "Lawrence Badash and Elizabeth Hodes and Adolph
Tiddens",
title = "Nuclear Fission: Reaction to the Discovery in 1939",
journal = j-PROC-AMER-PHIL-SOC,
volume = "130",
number = "2",
pages = "196--231",
month = jun,
year = "1986",
CODEN = "PAPCAA",
ISSN = "0003-049X (print), 2326-9243 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0003-049X",
bibdate = "Fri Jul 27 16:31:07 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/987181",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Proceedings of the {American Philosophical Society}
held at {Philadelphia} for promoting useful knowledge",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/journal/procamerphilsoci",
remark-1 = "From page 215: ``By the time war broke out, Germany
alone --- of all the world powers --- had a military
office exclusively devoted to the study of the military
applications of nuclear fission.''",
remark-2 = "From page 215: ``[Soviet scientist] Igor Tamm is
reported to have asked a group of students: `Do you
know what this new discovery means? It means a bomb can
be built that will destroy a city out to a radius of
maybe ten kilometers.'''",
remark-3 = "From page 217: ``[novelist] C. P. Snow concluded, the
bomb must be made if physically possible. `There is no
ethical problem,' because there is no secret. Every
large laboratory on earth will achieve the same
results, and it must be done sooner in America than in
Germany.''",
remark-4 = "From page 219: ``The [Einstein--Roosevelt] letter was
drafted by Szilard, with input from Einstein, Sachs,
and, presumably, Wigner and Teller. \ldots{} The letter
was dated 2 August 1939. \ldots{} Sachs was waiting for
the right opportunity to deliver his documents to
Roosevelt --- a time when the president's mind would
not be completely occupied with the war that had just
erupted in Europe, but Szilard and his Hungarian
cohorts found the delay difficult. Sachs finally
visited the Oval Office on 11 October, where he
explained his purpose to Army and Navy ordnance experts
as well as to the president. The presence of these
officers made it clear that prime consideration was
being given to an explosive. Roosevelt recognized the
significance of Einstein's letter and ordered action on
it.'' [Wigner's recollection is that Einstein dictated
the letter in German, and Wigner and Szilard had it
translated to English in Princeton, and then returned
to Einstein with the final copy for his signature.]",
remark-5 = "From page 221: ``Did scientists express moral
positions concerning fission research? Merle Tuve,
although active in nuclear physics, chose to work on
the proximity fuse, which he regarded as a defensive
weapon. It may be noted in this connection that the MIT
Radiation Laboratory, where another partially defensive
weapon, radar, was developed, had no trouble recruiting
scientists.''",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1987:P,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Periodicals",
journal = j-WILSON-Q,
volume = "11",
number = "4",
pages = "13--44",
month = "Autumn",
year = "1987",
ISSN = "0363-3276",
ISSN-L = "0363-3276",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 08:06:24 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/40257800",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Wilson Quarterly (1976--2012)",
remark = "Page 33 contains photo of Leo Szilard with newspaper
headline: {\em Truman Announces: Reds Have Atom
Bomb}.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1987:SLP,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "{Leo Szilard} --- the 1st {Pugwash}",
journal = j-SCIENTIST,
volume = "1",
number = "16",
pages = "24--24",
day = "29",
month = jun,
year = "1987",
ISSN = "0890-3670 (print), 1945-5127 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0890-3670",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Reprinted from \booktitle{Toward a Livable World, Leo
Szilard and the Crusade for Nuclear Arms Control},
1987.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Scientist (Philadelphia, PA)",
journal-URL = "http://www.the-scientist.com/",
}
@Article{Bennett:1987:DES,
author = "Charles H. Bennett",
title = "Demons, Engines and the {Second Law}",
journal = j-SCI-AMER,
volume = "257",
number = "5",
pages = "108--116",
month = nov,
year = "1987",
CODEN = "SCAMAC",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1187-108",
ISSN = "0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8733",
bibdate = "Wed May 22 15:04:05 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sciam1980.bib",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican/journal/v257/n5/pdf/scientificamerican1187-108.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
classification = "A0570C (Thermodynamic functions and equations of
state)",
fjournal = "Scientific American",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican",
keywords = "engines; heat engines; Maxwell's demon; Second Law of
Thermodynamics; thermodynamics",
remark = "Cited in \cite[page 332]{Lanouette:1992:GSB} as an
example of the early influence of Leo Szilard in
information theory.",
treatment = "G General Review",
xxnewdata = "1998.01.30",
xxpages = "88--96",
}
@Article{Bernstein:1987:LSG,
author = "B. J. Bernstein",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: Giving peace a chance in the nuclear
age",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "40",
number = "9",
pages = "40--47",
month = sep,
year = "1987",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.881087",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987PhT....40i..40B",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
}
@Book{Klein:1987:AOH,
author = "Georg Klein",
title = "{Ateisten och den heliga staden: m{\"o}ten och
tankar}. ({Swedish}) [{The} atheist and the holy city:
encounters and reflections]",
publisher = "Bonnier",
address = "Stockholm, Sweden",
pages = "248",
year = "1987",
ISBN = "91-0-047194-1",
ISBN-13 = "978-91-0-047194-1",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:49:11 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.bibsys.no:2100/BIBSYS",
note = "Includes two chapters on Leo Szilard for the period
1955--1964.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Swedish",
subject = "Oncology; philosophy",
}
@Article{Lubkin:1987:KEM,
author = "E. Lubkin",
title = "Keeping the Entropy of Measurement --- {Szilard}
Revisited",
journal = j-INT-J-THEOR-PHYS,
volume = "26",
number = "6",
pages = "523--535",
month = jun,
year = "1987",
CODEN = "IJTPBM",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00670091",
ISSN = "0020-7748 (print), 1572-9575 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0020-7748",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "International Journal of Theoretical Physics",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/10773",
}
@Article{Szabadvary:1987:LSS,
author = "Ferenc Szabadvary",
title = "{Leo Szilard}'s Studies at the {Palatine Joseph
Technical University of Budapest}",
journal = "Periodica Polytechnica",
volume = "31",
number = "187",
pages = "187--190",
month = "????",
year = "1987",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 07:12:28 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Lanouette:1988:WLH,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{William Lanouette} on his {Leo Szilard} Biography",
journal = j-NEW-HUNG-Q,
volume = "XXIX",
number = "111",
pages = "160--170",
month = "Autumn",
year = "1988",
ISSN = "0028-5390",
ISSN-L = "0028-5390",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Conversation with Gabor Pallo.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "The New Hungarian Quarterly",
journal-URL = "http://www.hungarianquarterly.com/",
}
@Article{Pallo:1988:LWH,
author = "G. Pallo and W. Lanouette",
title = "{William Lanouette} on His {Leo Szilard} Biography +
Interview",
journal = j-NEW-HUNG-Q,
volume = "29",
number = "111",
pages = "160--170",
month = "Fall",
year = "1988",
ISSN = "0028-5390",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The New Hungarian Quarterly",
journal-URL = "http://www.hungarianquarterly.com/",
}
@Article{Zuckerman:1988:NWB,
author = "{Lord} Zuckerman",
title = "Nuclear Wizards: {{\booktitle{Rabi: Scientist and
Citizen}} by John S. Rigden. \booktitle{Toward a
Livable World: Leo Szilard and the Crusade for Nuclear
Arms Control} edited by Helen S. Hawkins, edited by G.
Allen Greb, edited by Gertrud Weiss Szilard.
\booktitle{Better a Shield than a Sword: Perspectives
on Defense and Technology} by Edward Teller}",
journal = j-NEW-YORK-REV-BOOKS,
volume = "35",
number = "5",
pages = "26--31",
day = "31",
month = mar,
year = "1988",
ISSN = "0028-7504 (print), 1944-7744 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-7504",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib",
URL = "http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1988/mar/31/nuclear-wizards/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Review of Books",
journal-URL = "http://www.nybooks.com/issues/",
}
@PhdThesis{Bess:1989:RAC,
author = "Michael Demaree Bess",
title = "Rebels against the {Cold War}: Four intellectuals who
campaigned to recast world politics, 1945--1985: {Leo
Szilard (U.S.A.), E. P. Thompson (England), Louise
Weiss (France), Danilo Dolci (Italy)}",
type = "{Ph.D.}",
school = "University of California, Berkeley",
address = "Berkeley, CA, USA",
pages = "581",
year = "1989",
bibdate = "Sat Jan 12 11:17:45 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://search.proquest.com/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/303672720",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
advisor = "Susanna Barrows",
classification = "0304: Biographies; 0335: European history; 0582:
History",
dissertation-thesis-number = "9028743",
subject = "European history; History; Biographies",
}
@Article{Lanouette:1989:BTB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Bumbling toward the bomb",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "45",
number = "7",
pages = "7--11",
month = sep,
year = "1989",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 11:21:40 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "An article about Szilard, Einstein, and other refugee
physicists alerting a suspicious U.S. Government about
nuclear fission and nuclear weapons. Contains
reproduction of August 2, 1939 Einstein\slash Szilard
letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt.",
abstract = "The refugee physicists knew more about the newly
discovered phenomenon of nuclear fission than about
getting their ideas through to the president. Their
spokesman, and suspicious government bureaucrats,
weren't much help.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Leo Szilard; Manhattan Project;
nuclear fission",
}
@Article{Lanouette:1989:PSL,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Portr{\'e}v{\'a}zlat {Szilard Leorol}",
journal = j-MAGY-TUDOMANY,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
howpublished = "Beszelgetes a keszulo eletrajz amerikai irojaval.
Conversation with Gabor Pallo",
pages = "639--648",
year = "1989",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "Magyar Tudom{\'a}ny [{Hungarian} Science]",
journal-URL = "http://www.matud.iif.hu/archive.htm",
remark = "No issues online before January 2001 at publisher Web
site [in early 2013].",
xxpages = "7--8",
}
@Article{Lanouette:1989:VCL,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The Varied Career of {Leo Szilard}",
journal = "Rockefeller Archive Center Newsletter",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "7--??",
month = "Summer",
year = "1989",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "An article about Szilard`s many affiliations with the
Rockefeller Foundation and University, as revealed in
the Rockefeller Archive Center holdings. Items included
Szilard's physics research in New York in the 1930s,
settling refugee scholars, friendships with Einstein
and von Neumann, information theory, microbiology,
nuclear power, and arms-control initiatives.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Article{Pearson:1989:TLW,
author = "J. M. Pearson",
title = "Toward a Livable World --- {Leo Szilard} and the
Crusade for Nuclear Arms-Control",
journal = "Queens Quarterly",
volume = "96",
number = "3",
pages = "756--758",
month = "Fall",
year = "1989",
ISSN = "0033-6041",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Anonymous:1990:YABe,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "35 years ago in the {{\booktitle{Bulletin}}}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "46",
number = "8",
pages = "5--5",
month = oct,
year = "1990",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Thu Nov 07 17:01:54 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Berger:1990:SDR,
author = "Jorge Berger",
title = "{Szilard}'s demon revisited",
journal = j-INT-J-THEOR-PHYS,
volume = "29",
number = "9",
pages = "985--995",
month = sep,
year = "1990",
CODEN = "IJTPBM",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00673684",
ISSN = "0020-7748 (print), 1572-9575 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0020-7748",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990IJTP...29..985B",
abstract = "We show that piston fluctuations are of crucial
importance in the analysis of a Szilard engine. Some
engines which do not require information in order to
perform a Szilard cycle actually do not work. We
pinpoint the mechanism and stages which require work
investment when a measuring instrument is reset.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "International Journal of Theoretical Physics",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/10773",
}
@Book{Klein:1990:AHC,
author = "George Klein",
title = "The atheist and the holy city: encounters and
reflections",
publisher = "MIT Press",
address = "Cambridge, MA, USA",
pages = "xiv + 223",
year = "1990",
ISBN = "0-262-11041-5, 0-262-11155-1",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-262-11041-9, 978-0-262-11155-3",
LCCN = "RC265 .K5413 1990",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:46:24 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Includes two chapters on Leo Szilard for the period
1955--1964.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Translation of \cite{Klein:1987:AOH}",
subject = "Klein, George; Oncologists; Biography; Cancer;
Science; Philosophy; Medical Oncology; essays;
Philosophy, Medical",
subject-dates = "1925--",
}
@InCollection{Cantelon:1991:LSD,
author = "Philip L. (Philip Louis) Cantelon and Richard G.
Hewlett and Robert Chadwell Williams",
title = "{Leo Szilard} and the Discovery of Fission",
crossref = "Cantelon:1991:AAD",
pages = "7--8",
year = "1991",
bibdate = "Wed Mar 25 12:20:04 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Farkas:1991:NPF,
author = "{\'A}kos Farkas",
title = "A Nuclear Physicist's Foray into the Realm of Fiction:
{Leo Szilard}'s {{\booktitle{The Voice of the
Dolphins}}}",
journal = "Hungarian Studies",
volume = "7",
number = "1--2",
pages = "197--203",
month = "????",
year = "1991--1992",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 05:31:17 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.academia.edu/5522155/A_NUCLEAR_PHYSICISTS_FORAY_INTO_THE_REALM_OF_FICTION_LEO_SZILARDS_THE_VOICE_OF_THE_DOLPHINS",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Cairns:1992:POM,
editor = "John Cairns and Gunther S. (Gunther Siegmund) Stent
and James D. Watson",
title = "Phage and the origins of molecular biology",
publisher = "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press",
address = "Plainview, NY, USA",
pages = "x + 366",
year = "1992",
ISBN = "0-87969-407-6",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-87969-407-4",
LCCN = "QR342 .P45 1992",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 10:16:55 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Contains some discussion of Leo Szilard's work in
biology.",
subject = "Bacteriophages; Molecular biology",
}
@Article{Goldberg:1992:GSO,
author = "Stanley Goldberg",
title = "{Groves}, {Szilard}, and {Oppenheimer}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "48",
number = "10",
pages = "37--37",
month = dec,
year = "1992",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Nov 09 10:18:57 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Goldberg:1992:GTR,
author = "Stanley Goldberg",
title = "{Groves} Takes the Reins",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "48",
number = "10",
pages = "32--39",
month = dec,
year = "1992",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 17:28:28 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "J. Robert Oppenheimer; Leo Szilard; Leslie R. Groves",
remark = "The accuracy and scholarship of this author has been
seriously challenged: see \cite{Bernstein:2003:RAG}.",
}
@Article{Goldberg:1992:ICO,
author = "Stanley Goldberg",
title = "Inventing a Climate of Opinion: {Vannevar Bush} and
the Decision to Build the Bomb",
journal = j-ISIS,
volume = "83",
number = "3",
pages = "429--452",
month = sep,
year = "1992",
CODEN = "ISISA4",
ISSN = "0021-1753 (print), 1545-6994 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0021-1753",
bibdate = "Wed Aug 22 19:25:04 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/slater-john-clarke.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/isis1990.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/233904",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Isis",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/page/journal/isis/about.html",
remark-1 = "From pages 449--450: ``Later, when the project was
turned over to the army, all costs were buried in the
massive yearly appropriation for the Army Corps of
Engineers. In this way Vannevar Bush, a man who was
most outspoken on the importance of democratic forms to
the vitality and robustness of scientific research
organizations, was able to fund the entire American
effort in building the atomic bomb without
congressional advice and consent.'' Even Vice President
Harry S Truman was completely unaware of the Manhattan
Project until he was briefed on it shortly after he
assumed the Presidency after the death of Franklin
Roosevelt on 12 April 1945.",
remark-2 = "From page 450: ``Those in the U.S. scientific and
engineering communities who were privy to the research
being sponsored by the Uranium Committee were badly
split. Some, Leo Szilard and E. O. Lawrence among them,
urged a full-scale program. Others, such as James
Conant (initially), W. K. Lewis, John Slater, and Frank
Jewett, believed that the technical uncertainties were
too great to warrant the launching of an all-out
effort.''",
remark-3 = "From page 451: ``what [Vannevar] Bush accomplished in
the summer and fall of 1941 was to organize and
discipline the forces that favored proceeding, suppress
and render impotent those who urged caution, manipulate
the appearance of consensus among NAS committee
appointees that the creation of a fission bomb in the
near future was a virtual certainty, and above all
else, get the president's commitment to a major
production effort in nuclear technology.''",
remark-4 = "From page 32--23, about the June 1933 meeting of the
American Physical Society in Chicago, John Slater said
he was impressed ``was not so much the excellence of
the invited speakers as the fact that the younger
American workers on the program gave talks of such high
quality on research of such importance, that for the
first time the European physicists present were here to
learn as much as to instruct.''",
}
@Book{Lanouette:1992:GSB,
author = "William Lanouette and Bela A. Silard",
title = "Genius in the shadows: a biography of {Leo Szilard}:
the man behind the bomb",
publisher = "C. Scribner's Sons",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "xix + 587 + 16",
year = "1992",
ISBN = "0-684-19011-7",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-684-19011-2",
LCCN = "QC16.S95 L36 1992",
bibdate = "Fri Aug 8 15:33:05 MDT 2008",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
price = "US\$35.00 (US\$44.50 Can.)",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1994gsbl.book.....L",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cover page reads ``William Lanouette with Bela Silard.
Foreword by Jonas Salk.'' From page 217: ``Had the
Germans realized that their January calculations [of
neutron capture cross-sections in graphite] were off
and that in graphite they had an abundant and
inexpensive moderator, they might have pursued this
research to make a reactor. Instead, acting on their
erroneous conclusions, they used heavy water as a
moderator --- a choice that would doom their chances of
making an A-bomb during the war.''",
subject = "Szilard, Leo; physicists; United States; biography",
tableofcontents = "Foreword by Jonas Salk / xiii \\
Preface / xv \\
Part One \\
1. The Family / 3 \\
2. View from the Villa / 15 \\
3. Schoolboy, Soldier, and Socialist / 30 \\
4. Scholar and Scientist / 51 \\
5. Just Friends / 67 \\
6. Einstein / 81 \\
7. Restless Research and the Bund / 88 \\
8. A New World, a New Field, a New Fear / 103 \\
9. Refuge / 111 \\
Part Two \\
10. ``Moonshine'' / 131 \\
11. Chain-Reaction ``Obsession'' / 139 \\
12. Travels with Trude / 161 \\
13. Bumbling Toward the Bomb / 174 \\
14. ``I Haven't Thought of That at All'' / 194 \\
15. Fission + Fermi = Frustration / 214 \\
16. Chain Reaction Versus the Chain of Command / 229
\\
17. Visions of an ``Armed Peace'' / 246 \\
18. Three Attempts to Stop the Bomb \ldots{} / 259 \\
19. \ldots{} And Two to Stop the Army / 281 \\
Part Three \\
20. A Last Fight with the General / 305 \\
21. A New Life, an Old Problem / 314 \\
22. Marriage on the Run / 334 \\
23. Oppenheimer and Teller / 348 \\
24. Arms Control / 356 \\
25. Biology / 377 \\
26. Beating Cancer / 404 \\
27. Meeting Khrushchev / 416 \\
28. Is Washington a Market for Wisdom? / 430 \\
29. Seeking a More Livable World / 447 \\
30. La Jolla: Personal Peace / 465 \\
Epilogue / 481 \\
Chronology of Leo Szilard's Life / 485 \\
Acknowledgments / 489 \\
Notes / 493 \\
Selected Bibliography / 563 \\
Index / 571",
}
@Article{Lanouette:1992:ISP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Ideas by {Szilard}, physics by {Fermi}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "48",
number = "10",
pages = "16--23",
month = dec,
year = "1992",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "Special edition for the 50th Anniversary of the Chain
Reaction (2 December 1942). An article about Leo
Szilard's role as co-designer of the world's first
nuclear reactor, and his invention of atomic secrecy.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Moore:1992:ENCd,
author = "Mike Moore",
title = "Editor's note: Consequences",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "48",
number = "10",
pages = "2--2",
month = dec,
year = "1992",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Nov 09 10:18:57 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Enrico Fermi; General Leslie Groves; Leo Szilard;
Vannevar Bush",
remark = "Comments on the first controlled nuclear chain
reaction.",
}
@Book{Wigner:1992:REP,
author = "Eugene Paul Wigner and Andrew Szanton",
title = "The recollections of {Eugene P. Wigner} as told to
{Andrew Szanton}",
publisher = pub-PLENUM,
address = pub-PLENUM:adr,
pages = "xxiv + 335",
year = "1992",
ISBN = "0-306-44326-0",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-306-44326-8",
LCCN = "QC16.W52 A3 1992",
bibdate = "Fri Jul 27 18:53:55 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Edward Teller; Eugene Paul Wigner; John von Neumann;
Leo Szilard",
remark = "There are 42 page references to Leo Szilard, 36 to
Edward Teller, and 40 to John von Neumann. Dannen
\cite[reference 47]{Dannen:2015:PLL} remarks:
``Wigner's recollections must be treated with great
caution \ldots{} One would never guess, reading this
book, that Szilard was once his dearest friend.''",
subject = "Wigner, Eugene Paul; Physicists; United States;
Biography",
subject-dates = "1902--1995",
tableofcontents = "1. Pit-A-Pat, Pit-A-Pat / 1 \\
2. Be a Good Son. Obey Your Mother Carefully / 9 \\
3. A Tannery Needs Someone Who Knows the Work / 25 \\
4. ``How Many Such Jobs Exist in Our Country?'' / 45
\\
5. Albert Einstein Made Me Feel Needed / 63 \\
6. Learning from Einstein / 83 \\
7. Becoming a Physicist / 101 \\
8. ``That Pesty Group Business'' / 115 \\
9. ``If Hitler Says So, He Must Be Right'' / 127 \\
10. It Is Far Better to Have a Good Marriage Than a
Quarrel / 163 \\
11. Becoming Pleasantly Disagreeable / 181 \\
12. Swimming in Syrup / 197 \\
13. Martians / 211 \\
14. A Squirrel in a Cage / 231 \\
15. ``Isn't He the One Whose H-Bomb May Blow Up the
World?'' / 253 \\
16. ``Thank You Very Much! But Why Are You
Congratulating Me?'' / 267 \\
17. The Gold That You Have Will Finally Kill You / 287
\\
18. The Subtle Pleasure of Forgetting / 299 \\
Bibliography / 319 \\
Index / 325",
}
@Article{Wigner:1992:SLA,
author = "Wigner{ }Jen{\H{o}}",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o} [Angolb{\'o}l] ford. T{\'o}th
Eszter}. ({Hungarian}) [{Leo Szilard [English] rpm.
Eszter T{\'o}th}]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "42",
number = "11",
pages = "406--407",
month = "????",
year = "1992",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Tue Jul 31 07:06:23 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1993:BBF,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Bulletin: {Bernard T. Feld}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "49",
number = "3",
pages = "5--5",
month = apr,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Wed Jan 16 10:07:31 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://web.ebscohost.com/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Enrico Fermi; Leo Szilard",
subject-dates = "Bernard T. Feld (21 December 1919--19 February
1993)",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1993:VLS,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Vignette: {Leo Szilard}",
journal = j-SCIENCE,
volume = "261",
number = "5127",
pages = "1462--1462",
day = "10",
month = sep,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "SCIEAS",
ISSN = "0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8075",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencemag.org/archive/",
}
@Article{Bernstein:1993:RFH,
author = "Jeremy Bernstein",
title = "Revelations from {Farm Hall}: Book Review:
{{\booktitle{Heisenberg's War: The Secret History of
the German Bomb}}, by Thomas Powers}",
journal = j-SCIENCE,
volume = "259",
number = "5103",
pages = "1923--1926",
day = "26",
month = mar,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "SCIEAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.259.5103.1923",
ISSN = "0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8075",
bibdate = "Wed Aug 22 11:50:08 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.sciencemag.org/content/259/5103/1923.extract",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencemag.org/archive/",
}
@Article{Bethe:1993:BRS,
author = "Hans Bethe",
title = "Book Review: {Szilard} Worked First to Build the Bomb
and Then to Oppose it: {William Lanouette and Bela
Szilard, \booktitle{Genius in the Shadows: A Biography
of Leo Szilard, the Man Behind the Bomb}}",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "46",
number = "9",
pages = "63--64",
month = sep,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2809040",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Sat Jun 16 15:06:17 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v46/i9/p63_s1",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "Hans Albrecht Bethe (1906--2005)",
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
remark = "Publisher PDF file via DOI includes only first page.",
}
@Article{Bush:1993:BRB,
author = "Jonathan A. Bush",
title = "Book Review Essay: {Nuremberg}: The Modern Law of War
and Its Limitations: {{\booktitle{The Anatomy of the
Nuremberg Trials: A Personal Memoir}}, by Telford
Taylor. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1992. Pp. xii, 703.
\$35.00}",
journal = j-COLUMBIA-LAW-REV,
volume = "93",
number = "8",
pages = "2022--2086",
month = dec,
year = "1993",
ISSN = "0010-1958 (print), 1945-2268 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0010-1958",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:17 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/1123010",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Columbia Law Review",
remark = "Contains two mentions of Leo Szilard, and references
to \cite{Szilard:1949:MTW,Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Cassidy:1993:ACB,
author = "David C. Cassidy",
title = "Atomic conspiracies: Book Review:
{{\booktitle{Heisenberg's war: the secret history of
the German bomb}}, by Thomas Powers, Knopf/Cape: 1993.
Pp. 610. \$27.50, \pounds 20}",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "363",
number = "6427",
pages = "311--312",
day = "27",
month = may,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/363311a0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Aug 22 19:19:27 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v363/n6427/pdf/363311a0.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
remark = "The reviewer says of Power's book: ``The author is so
superficial in his approach and so prejudiced in his
handling of sources as to render his account, although
closely argued, quite unconvincing.''",
}
@Article{Hannigan:1993:BRB,
author = "Paul Hannigan",
title = "Book Review: {{\booktitle{Genius in the Shadows by
William Lanouette with Bela Silard}}}",
journal = j-HARVARD-REV,
volume = "261",
number = "4",
pages = "226--226",
month = "Spring",
year = "1993",
ISSN = "1077-2901",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/27559870",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Harvard Review",
}
@Article{Herken:1993:GSB,
author = "G. Herken",
title = "Genius in the Shadows --- a Biography of {Leo Szilard}
--- the Man Behind the Bomb",
journal = j-NATURE,
volume = "362",
number = "6421",
pages = "661--661",
day = "15",
month = apr,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "NATUAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/362661a0",
ISSN = "0028-0836 (print), 1476-4687 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-0836",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nature/archive/",
}
@Article{Jasper:1993:BRB,
author = "James M. Jasper",
title = "Book Review: {AEC} and Critics:
{{\booktitle{Containing the Atom: Nuclear Regulation in
a Changing Environment, 1963--1971}}, by J. Samuel
Walker}",
journal = j-SCIENCE,
volume = "259",
number = "5097",
pages = "996--997",
day = "12",
month = feb,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "SCIEAS",
ISSN = "0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8075",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/2880630",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencemag.org/archive/",
remark = "The article contains an amusing inset with an
advertisement written by Szilard for his own book: ``if
you don't buy it today, you will forget it.''",
}
@Article{Kramish:1993:PHE,
author = "Arnold Kramish",
title = "{Powers} on {Heisenberg}: Embellishments on the
{Lesart}",
journal = j-AM-SCI,
volume = "81",
number = "??",
pages = "479--480",
month = "????",
year = "1993",
CODEN = "AMSCAC",
ISSN = "0003-0996 (print), 1545-2786 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0003-0996",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 23 07:11:21 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "American Scientist",
journal-URL = "http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/past.aspx",
}
@Article{Logan:1993:BMB,
author = "Jonothan L. Logan",
title = "Bomb maker or bomb breaker?",
journal = j-BOSTON-GLOBE,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "B43--B45",
day = "7",
month = mar,
year = "1993",
ISSN = "0743-1791",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 23 07:20:28 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Review of \cite{Powers:1993:HWS}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Boston Globe",
}
@Article{Lowen:1993:BRT,
author = "Rebecca Lowen",
title = "Book Review: Thinking in the bathtub:
{{\booktitle{Genius in the Shadows}}, by William
Lanouette with Bela Silard}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "49",
number = "5",
pages = "51--52",
month = jun,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 11:33:58 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Perutz:1993:IBB,
author = "M. F. Perutz",
title = "`{An} Intellectual Bumblebee': {{\booktitle{Genius in
the Shadows: A Biography of Leo Szilard, The Man Behind
the Bomb}} by William Lanouette, with Bela Silard,
foreword by Jonas Salk}",
journal = j-NEW-YORK-REV-BOOKS,
volume = "40",
number = "16",
pages = "17--20",
day = "7",
month = oct,
year = "1993",
ISSN = "0028-7504 (print), 1944-7744 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0028-7504",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1993/oct/07/an-intellectual-bumblebee/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Review of Books",
journal-URL = "http://www.nybooks.com/issues/",
}
@Book{Powers:1993:HWS,
author = "Thomas Powers",
title = "{Heisenberg}'s war: the secret history of the {German}
bomb",
publisher = pub-KNOPF,
address = pub-KNOPF:adr,
pages = "xi + 607",
year = "1993",
ISBN = "0-394-51411-4",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-394-51411-6",
LCCN = "QC16.H35 P69 1993",
bibdate = "Tue Dec 13 14:22:01 MST 2005",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/amermathmonthly1990.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
price = "US\$27.50, CAN\$34.50",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "This book may be seriously flawed: see the reviews
\cite{Bernstein:1993:RFH,Cassidy:1993:ACB,Kramish:1993:PHE,Logan:1993:BMB,Sweet:1993:UBR}.",
subject = "Heisenberg, Werner; Physicists; Political activity;
Atomic bomb; Germany; History; World War, 1939--1945;
Technology",
subject-dates = "1901--1976",
}
@Article{Schweber:1993:BRB,
author = "Silvan Schweber",
title = "Book Review: Visionary and Mobilizer:
{{\booktitle{Genius in the Shadows}}, by William
Lanouette with Bela Silard. A Biography of Leo
Szilard}",
journal = j-SCIENCE,
volume = "261",
number = "5127",
pages = "1461--1462",
day = "10",
month = sep,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "SCIEAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.261.5127.1461",
ISSN = "0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8075",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/2881904",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencemag.org/archive/",
}
@Article{Schweber:1993:VMB,
author = "S. Schweber",
title = "Visionary and Mobilizer. (Book Reviews:
{{\booktitle{Genius in the Shadows}. A Biography of Leo
Szilard}})",
journal = j-SCIENCE,
volume = "261",
number = "5127",
pages = "1461--1462",
month = sep,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "SCIEAS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1126/science.261.5127.1461",
ISSN = "0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8075",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "See \cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993Sci...261.1461L",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencemag.org/archive/",
}
@Article{Sweet:1993:BRU,
author = "William Sweet",
title = "Book Reviews: Uncertainties: {{\booktitle{Heisenberg's
War: The Secret History of the German Bomb}}, by Thomas
Powers; \booktitle{Uncertainty: The Life and Science of
Werner Heisenberg}, by David C. Cassidy}",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "49",
number = "7",
pages = "50--52",
month = sep,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Wed Aug 22 12:03:10 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See comment \cite{Weisskopf:1993:LGH}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Teresi:1993:GSB,
author = "D. Teresi",
title = "Genius in the Shadows --- a Biography of {Leo
Szilard}, the Man Behind the Bomb",
journal = j-NEW-YORK-TIMES-BOOK-REVIEW,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "1--1",
day = "24",
month = jan,
year = "1993",
ISSN = "0028-7806",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "New York Times Book Review",
onlinedate = "1993-JAN-24",
}
@Article{Wattenberg:1993:BNA,
author = "Albert Wattenberg",
title = "The Birth of the Nuclear Age",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "46",
number = "1",
pages = "44--51",
month = jan,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.881378",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Tue Jun 8 15:45:00 2021",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
URL = "https://physicstoday.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/1.881378",
abstract = "When Ernest Rutherford dismissed nuclear energy as
`moonshine' in 1933, Leo Szilard took it as a personal
challenge. Nine years later, under a Chicago
grandstand, Enrico Fermi demonstrated the first
self-sustaining uranium pile.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
}
@Article{Weisskopf:1993:LGH,
author = "Victor Weisskopf",
title = "Letter: Giving {Heisenberg} his due",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "49",
number = "9",
pages = "53--53",
month = nov,
year = "1993",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sat Nov 09 16:16:34 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See \cite{Sweet:1993:BRU}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1994:CPL,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Correction: [picture of {Leo Szilard}]",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "50",
number = "5",
pages = "3--3",
month = sep # "\slash " # oct,
year = "1994",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sun Nov 10 12:34:27 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
note = "See \cite{Leskov:1994:SFU}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
remark = "Corrects date of picture: 1959, not 1979.",
}
@Article{Badash:1994:BRW,
author = "Lawrence Badash",
title = "Book Review: {William Lanouette and Bela Silard:
\booktitle{Genius in the Shadows: A Biography of Leo
Szilard, the Man behind the Bomb}}",
journal = j-ISIS,
volume = "85",
number = "1",
pages = "172--173",
month = mar,
year = "1994",
CODEN = "ISISA4",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1086/356779",
ISSN = "0021-1753 (print), 1545-6994 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0021-1753",
bibdate = "Tue Jul 30 21:24:44 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublication?journalCode=isis;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/i211217;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/isis1990.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/235948",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Isis",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/page/journal/isis/about.html",
}
@PhdThesis{Grandy:1994:LSS,
author = "David Grandy",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: Science as a mode of being",
type = "{Ph.D.} thesis",
school = "Indiana University",
address = "Bloomington, IN, USA",
pages = "312",
year = "1994",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:58:46 2011",
bibsource = "http://search.proquest.com/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/304128624",
abstract = "Leo Szilard has received scant attention from
historians of science, notwithstanding his
contributions to physics and biology. This neglect is
particularly surprising in light of the fact that
Szilard was an influential and deeply interesting
figure quite apart from his scientific accomplishment.
As the title of the study indicates, he did not just do
science, but lived it as well. We could almost think of
him as an incarnation or living instantiation of
scientific values and principles were it not for the
fact that such values and principles are wholly human
in the first place. But this brings us to the crux of
the issue: Szilard privileged science with transcendent
significance. A true believer in science and its
potential to save the world, he drank the cup of
science to its dregs. For anyone interested in the way
science has both strained and given relief to the human
predicament in the twentieth century, Szilard's life is
instructive.\par
This study assumes that science and society are not
disjoint and argues that Szilard's science was driven
as much by passion and paradox as it was by cool,
analytic thinking. Much of the paradox stemmed from
contradictions with science itself. For example, while
thermodynamics predicted universal heat death,
evolutionary biology pointed toward the possibility of
humankind's unlimited ascent within the cosmos. These
contradictory outlooks appear to be the positive and
negative poles of much of Szilard's science. As one who
was very much alive to the uncertainties, paradoxes,
and fantasies of science, Szilard merits our
interest.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
advisor = "Linda Wessels",
classification = "0304: Biographies; 0585: Science history",
dissertation-thesis-number = "9500430",
subject = "Science history; Biographies",
}
@Article{Hewlett:1994:BRB,
author = "Richard G. Hewlett",
title = "Book Review: {{\booktitle{Genius in the Shadows: A
Biography of Leo Szilard --- The Man behind the Bomb}}
by William Lanouette; \booktitle{The Rickover Effect:
How One Man Made a Difference} by Theodore Rockwell}",
journal = j-TECH-CULTURE,
volume = "35",
number = "2",
pages = "442--444",
month = apr,
year = "1994",
ISSN = "0040-165X (print), 1097-3729 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0040-165X",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/3106333",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Technology and Culture",
journal-URL = "https://www.press.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/",
}
@Article{Hewlett:1994:BRW,
author = "Richard G. Hewlett",
title = "Book Review: {William Lanouette, \booktitle{Genius in
the Shadows: A Biography of Leo Szilard -- the Man
behind the Bomb}}",
journal = j-TECH-CULTURE,
volume = "35",
number = "2",
pages = "442--??",
month = "????",
year = "1994",
ISSN = "0040-165X (print), 1097-3729 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0040-165X",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 09:00:58 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Technology and Culture",
journal-URL = "https://www.press.jhu.edu/journals/technology_and_culture/",
}
@Article{Launius:1994:BRR,
author = "Roger D. Launius",
title = "Book Review: {Robert A. Divine: \booktitle{The Sputnik
Challenge: Eisenhower's Response to the Soviet
Satellite}}",
journal = j-ISIS,
volume = "85",
number = "1",
pages = "173--174",
month = mar,
year = "1994",
CODEN = "ISISA4",
ISSN = "0021-1753 (print), 1545-6994 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0021-1753",
bibdate = "Tue Jul 30 21:24:44 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublication?journalCode=isis;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/i211217;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/isis1990.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/235949",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Isis",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/page/journal/isis/about.html",
remark = "This article is not about Szilard, but contains at the
top of the page (from the preceding article
\cite{Badash:1994:BRBa}) a photograph of Aaron Novick
and Leo Szilard in their biological laboratory.",
}
@Article{Leskov:1994:SFU,
author = "Sergei Leskov",
title = "The {Sudoplatov} File: An Unreliable Witness",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "50",
number = "4",
pages = "33--36",
month = jul # "\slash " # aug,
year = "1994",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 13:54:11 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
abstract = "A retired member of the KGB claims that the great
scientists --- Oppenheimer, Fermi, Szilard, and Bohr
were spies for the Soviet Union. How his story stacks
up, here and in Russia.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keyword = "J. Robert Oppenheimer; Enrico Fermi; Leo Szilard;
Niels Bohr",
}
@Article{Lewis:1994:BRG,
author = "H. W. Lewis",
title = "Book Review: A Genius among Many: {{\booktitle{Genius
in the Shadows: A Biography of Leo Szilard: The Man
Behind the Bomb}}}",
journal = j-AM-SCI,
volume = "82",
number = "1",
pages = "70--71",
month = jan # "\slash " # feb,
year = "1994",
CODEN = "AMSCAC",
ISSN = "0003-0996 (print), 1545-2786 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0003-0996",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/29775104",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "American Scientist",
journal-URL = "http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/past.aspx",
}
@Book{Marton:1994:EHE,
author = "L. (Ladislaus) Marton",
title = "Early history of the electron microscope",
publisher = "San Francisco Press",
address = "San Francisco, CA, USA",
edition = "Second",
pages = "viii + 55",
year = "1994",
ISBN = "0-911302-73-5",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-911302-73-8",
LCCN = "QH212.E4 M35 1994",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 08:05:54 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
series = "History of technology monographs",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1901--",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Based on a special lecture given \ldots{} at the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 9th
Annual Symposium on Electron, Ion, and Laser Beam
Technology held at Berkeley, California, in May 1967.",
subject = "Electron microscopes",
}
@Book{Marx:1994:VMQ,
author = "George Marx",
title = "The voice of the {Martians}: the quest for nuclear
chain reaction: a Hungarian version: (50 years after)",
publisher = "Roland E{\"o}tv{\"o}s Physical Society",
address = "Budapest, Hungary",
pages = "213 + 16",
year = "1994",
ISBN = "963-8051-62-0 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-963-8051-62-2 (paperback)",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:52:07 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "nuclear energy; history; nuclear physicists;
biography; nuclear reactions",
}
@Article{McMillan:1994:SFF,
author = "Priscilla Johnson McMillan",
title = "The {Sudoplatov} File: Flimsy Memories",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "50",
number = "4",
pages = "30--33",
month = jul # "\slash " # aug,
year = "1994",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 13:54:11 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
abstract = "A retired member of the KGB claims that the great
scientists --- Oppenheimer, Fermi, Szilard, and Bohr
were spies for the Soviet Union. How his story stacks
up, here and in Russia.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keyword = "J. Robert Oppenheimer; Enrico Fermi; Leo Szilard;
Niels Bohr",
}
@PhdThesis{Sheffield:1994:TSL,
author = "Roy Scott Sheffield",
title = "The tragic science of {Leo Szilard}",
type = "{Ph.D.} thesis",
school = "University of Florida",
address = "Gainesville, FL, USA",
pages = "281",
year = "1994",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 12:23:20 2011",
bibsource = "http://search.proquest.com/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/304092770;
http://www.archive.org/details/tragicscienceofl00shef",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
advisor = "Frederick Gregory",
classification = "0335: European history; 0582: History; 0585: Science
history",
dissertation-thesis-number = "9606719",
subject = "Science history; European history; History",
tableofcontents = "Abstract / v \\
Introduction / 1 \\
Notes / 10 \\
Part I: Tragic Science Described \\
1 The Original Qualities of Leo Szilard / 13 \\
Notes / 31 \\
2 Imre Madach's Tragic Science / 34 \\
Notes / 55 \\
Part II: Tragic Science Extended \\
3 Leo Szilard's Political ``Science'' / 62 \\
Notes / 87 \\
4 Leo Szilard's Political Science in A Cold Nuclear
World / 95 \\
Notes / 125 \\
5 The Fiction of Leo Szilard / 131 \\
Notes / 167 \\
Part III: Tragic Science Revealed \\
6 The Thermodynamic World of Leo Szilard / 172 \\
Notes / 217 \\
7 The Nuclear Vision of Leo Szilard / 229 \\
Notes / 257 \\
Concluding Remarks / 263",
}
@Article{Weiner:1994:LFD,
author = "Nella Fermi Weiner",
title = "Letter: {Fermi}: Didn't Even Tell His Wife",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "50",
number = "4",
pages = "3--3",
month = jul # "\slash " # aug,
year = "1994",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Sun Nov 10 11:57:05 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
remark = "Comments on Pavel Sudoplatov's false allegations
against Enrico Fermi, Leo Szilard, Niels Bohr, and J.
Robert Oppenheimer of spying for the USSR.",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1995:BBF,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Background Books: The Future That Never Came",
journal = j-WILSON-Q,
volume = "19",
number = "2",
pages = "67--67",
month = "Spring",
year = "1995",
ISSN = "0363-3276",
ISSN-L = "0363-3276",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:17 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/40258978",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Wilson Quarterly (1976--2012)",
remark = "This short article mentions numerous books on the
creation and use of nuclear weapons, with brief
commentary. Includes reference to
\cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Biedenharn:1995:QMT,
author = "L. C. Biedenharn and J. C. Solem",
title = "A quantum-mechanical treatment of {Szilard}'s engine:
Implications for the entropy of information",
journal = j-FOUND-PHYS,
volume = "25",
number = "8",
pages = "1221--1229",
month = aug,
year = "1995",
CODEN = "FNDPA4",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02055259",
ISSN = "0015-9018 (print), 1572-9516 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-9018",
bibdate = "Tue Jun 11 20:36:20 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://springerlink.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=issue&issn=0015-9018&volume=25&issue=8;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/foundphys.bib",
URL = "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02055259",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Foundations of Physics",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/10701",
}
@Misc{Dannen:1995:PPU,
author = "Gene Dannen",
title = "A Petition to the {President of the United States}:
{July 17, 1945}",
howpublished = "Web site.",
year = "1995",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 08:43:39 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
note = "Contains text of the petition signed by Leo Szilard,
Eugene Wigner, and 68 others to avoid use of the atomic
bomb on Japan.",
URL = "http://www.dannen.com/decision/45-07-17.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Lanouette:1995:WWD,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Why We Dropped the Bomb",
journal = "Civilization (The Magazine of the {Library of
Congress})",
volume = "2",
number = "1",
pages = "28--38",
month = jan # "\slash " # feb,
year = "1995",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "1077-9795",
ISSN-L = "1077-9795",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "An article about how and why the United States decided
to use atomic bombs against Japan, including the
conflict between Leo Szilard (con) and Presidential
advisor James F. Byrnes (pro). Reprinted in
\cite{Lanouette:1996:WWD}",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Article{Price:1995:RDC,
author = "Matt Price",
title = "Roots of Dissent: The {Chicago Met Lab} and the
Origins of the {Franck Report}",
journal = j-ISIS,
volume = "86",
number = "2",
pages = "222--244",
month = jun,
year = "1995",
CODEN = "ISISA4",
ISSN = "0021-1753 (print), 1545-6994 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0021-1753",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:17 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/isis1990.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/236323",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Isis",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/page/journal/isis/about.html",
remark = "Numerous mentions of Leo Szilard, and references to
\cite{Szilard:1980:LSH,Hawkins:1987:TLW,Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
remark-1 = "Numerous mentions of Leo Szilard, especially about his
critical role at the Chicago `Met Lab', and references
to
\cite{Szilard:1980:LSH,Hawkins:1987:TLW,Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
remark-2 = "From page 239: `In early May 1945 Szilard tried to
speak with President Roosevelt about `atomic bombs and
the postwar position of the United States in the
world.' He had hoped to sidestep the chain of command
by persuading Eleanor Roosevelt to intervene for him;
unfortunately, the president died before Szilard could
meet with either of the Roosevelts. His subsequent
attempts to speak to Truman were diverted, and he ended
up in a disastrous interview with James Byrnes, soon to
be secretary of state; the elaborate text he had
prepared was never used`''.",
remark-3 = "From page 240: ``The Franck Committee met for the
first time on 4 June [1945], and by 11 June [1945] a
final draft was written, mainly by Eugene
Rabinowitch.''",
}
@Article{Reiss:1995:FNC,
author = "Mitchell Reiss",
title = "The Future That Never Came",
journal = j-WILSON-Q,
volume = "19",
number = "2",
pages = "46--48, 50--66",
month = "Spring",
year = "1995",
ISSN = "0363-3276",
ISSN-L = "0363-3276",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 08:05:07 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/40258977",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Wilson Quarterly (1976--2012)",
}
@Article{Seed:1995:LSC,
author = "David Seed",
title = "{Leo Szilard} and the Cause of Rational Disarmament",
journal = "Nuclear Texts and Contexts",
volume = "11",
number = "??",
pages = "15--26",
month = "????",
year = "1995",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "????",
ISSN-L = "????",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 08:44:19 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Cited in \cite{Seed:2003:HGW}. I can only find this
journal in two library catalogs, and there seems to be
no CODEN or ISSN data.",
}
@Book{Sudoplatov:1995:STM,
author = "Pavel Sudoplatov and Anatolii Pavlovich Sudoplatov and
Jerrold L. Schecter and Leona Schecter",
title = "Special tasks: the memoirs of an unwanted witness, a
{Soviet} spymaster",
publisher = pub-LITTLE-BROWN,
address = pub-LITTLE-BROWN:adr,
edition = "Updated",
pages = "xxxi + 527",
year = "1995",
ISBN = "0-316-82115-2",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-316-82115-5",
LCCN = "JN6529.I6 S83 1995",
bibdate = "Wed Jan 25 19:08:05 MST 2006",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1907--1996",
remark = "Among other topics, this book covers the spying on the
Manhattan Project, by, and seen from, the Soviet
side.",
subject = "Sudoplatov, Pavel; intelligence officers; Soviet
Union; biography; spies; espionage, Soviet; history",
subject-dates = "1907--1996",
}
@Article{Alperovitz:1996:TCW,
author = "Gar Alperovitz and Kai Bird",
title = "A Theory of {Cold War} Dynamics: {U.S.} Policy,
{Germany}, and the Bomb",
journal = j-HIST-TEACH,
volume = "29",
number = "3",
pages = "281--300",
month = may,
year = "1996",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "0018-2745 (print), 1945-2292 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0018-2745",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
note = "Brief mention of Szilard's 1929 patent on the
cyclotron, and the 1939 Szilard--Einstein letter to
President F. D. Roosevelt, with reference to
\cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/494546",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The History Teacher",
}
@Article{Aronowitz:1996:PSW,
author = "Stanley Aronowitz",
title = "The Politics of the Science Wars",
journal = j-SOC-TEXT,
volume = "62",
number = "46/47",
pages = "177--197",
month = "Spring\slash Summer",
year = "1996",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "0164-2472 (print), 1527-1951 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0164-2472",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/466853",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Social Text",
remark = "Brief mention of the opposition by Albert Einstein,
Leo Szilard, Phillip Morrison, and others to nuclear
weapons research, with a reference to
\cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Misc{Dannen:1996:ERA,
author = "Gene Dannen",
title = "{Einstein} to {Roosevelt}, {August 2, 1939}",
howpublished = "Web site.",
year = "1996",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 08:41:37 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.dannen.com/ae-fdr.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Contains text of letter from Einstein (but written by
Leo Szilard) to US President Roosevelt.",
}
@Article{Goujon:1996:HEA,
author = "P. Goujon",
title = "Historical and epistemological analyses of relations
between entropy, neguentropy and information --- From
{Maxwell}'s and {Szilard}'s imaginary experiences to
{Brillouin}'s theory",
journal = "Cybernetica",
volume = "39",
number = "3",
pages = "167--200",
month = "????",
year = "1996",
ISSN = "0011-4227",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Groetsch:1996:TIP,
author = "C. W. Groetsch",
title = "{Tartaglia}'s Inverse Problem in a Resistive Medium",
journal = j-AMER-MATH-MONTHLY,
volume = "103",
number = "7",
pages = "546--551",
month = aug # "\slash " # sep,
year = "1996",
CODEN = "AMMYAE",
ISSN = "0002-9890 (print), 1930-0972 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0002-9890",
MRclass = "70D05",
MRnumber = "97d:70007",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00029890.htm;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/amermathmonthly1990.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/2974665",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "American Mathematical Monthly",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/page/journal/amermathmont/about.html",
remark = "This article is about Nicol{\`o} Tartaglia's work on
gunnery trajectories and his moral struggle about
research in warfare. The author draws a parallel
between those qualms and those of Leo Szilard
\cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB} and Werner Heisenberg
\cite{Powers:1993:HWS}.",
}
@Article{Hafemeister:1996:SLS,
author = "D. Hafemeister",
title = "{Szilard Lecture}: In Search of an Improved Science
and Public-Policy Process",
journal = "APS Meeting Abstracts",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "401--??",
month = may,
year = "1996",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 15:06:57 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "American Physical Society, APS/AAPT Joint Meeting, May
2-5, 1996, abstract \#G4.01.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996APS..MAY..G401H",
abstract = "In my view, Science is one of the main driving forces
of history. The process in which debate and decisions
on the public policy of science take place is flawed
and in deep trouble. The first half of the talk will
focus on events that I have participated in over the
past twenty years in which the process stumbled ahead
while the truth was often obscured for various other
reasons. Physics will be applied in examples on:
plutonium/breeder, counterforce arms qualities and
levels, nuclear testing, ELF/EMF and SDI. The second
half of the talk will be devoted to suggestions on
methods to improve and enhance the processes by which
these decisions are made.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Lanouette:1996:NJP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "A Note on the {July 17th Petition}",
crossref = "Bird:1996:HSW",
pages = "557--560",
year = "1996",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 15:28:58 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "A book chapter about Leo Szilard's petition to
President Truman by Manhattan Project scientists to
prevent the atomic bombing of Japan in 1945.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@InCollection{Lanouette:1996:TAS,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Three Attempts to Stop the Bomb",
crossref = "Bird:1996:HSW",
pages = "99--118",
year = "1996",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 15:28:58 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "A book chapter about Leo Szilard's efforts to prevent
the atomic bombing of Japan in 1945.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@InCollection{Lanouette:1996:WWD,
author = "William Lanouette",
editor = "????",
booktitle = "Annual Editions: World History",
title = "Why We Dropped the Bomb",
volume = "II",
publisher = "Brown \& Benchmark",
address = "Guilford, CT, USA",
pages = "159--165",
year = "1996",
ISBN = "????",
ISBN-13 = "????",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 15:52:01 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Magnasco:1996:SHE,
author = "M. O. Magnasco",
title = "{Szilard}'s heat engine",
journal = j-EUROPHYS-LETT,
volume = "33",
number = "8",
pages = "583--588",
month = mar,
year = "1996",
CODEN = "EULEEJ",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1209/epl/i1996-00382-3",
ISSN = "0295-5075 (print), 1286-4854 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0295-5075",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 15:07:01 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996EL.....33..583M",
abstract = "Szilard presented the first concrete embodyment of a
Maxwell demon. We present a detailed kinematic analysis
of his heat engine. We find that the phase space
contains a branched manifold. After defining carefully
the physical dynamics on such an object, we prove that
the engine must operate at a loss.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Europhysics Letters",
journal-URL = "http://iopscience.iop.org/0295-5075",
}
@Article{Marx:1996:MMG,
author = "George Marx",
title = "The myth of the {Martians} and the golden age of
{Hungarian} science",
journal = j-SCI-EDUC-SPRINGER,
volume = "5",
number = "3",
pages = "225--234",
month = jul,
year = "1996",
CODEN = "SCEDE9",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00414313",
ISSN = "0926-7220 (print), 1573-1901 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0926-7220",
bibdate = "Mon Jun 19 11:33:04 MDT 2017",
bibsource = "http://link.springer.com/journal/11191/5/3;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/l/lanczos-cornelius.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/sci-educ-springer.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996Sc%26Ed...5..225M",
abstract = "Enrico Fermi was a man with outstanding talents, he
had many interests outside his own particular field. He
was credited with asking famous questions. There are
long preambles to Fermi's questions like this: --- `The
universe is vast, containing myriads of stars, many of
them not unlike our Sun. Many of these stars are likely
to have planets circling around them. A fair fraction
of these planets will have liquid water on their
surface and a gaseous atmosphere. The energy pouring
down from a star will cause the synthesis of organic
compounds, turning the ocean into a thin, warm soup.
These chemicals will join each other to produce a
self-reproducing system. The simplest living things
will multiply, and evolve by natural selection and
become more complicated. And eventually active,
thinking creatures will emerge. Civilization, science
and technology will follow. Then, yearning for fresh
worlds, they will travel to neighboring planets, and
later to planets of nearby stars. Eventually they
should spread out all over the Galaxy. These highly
exceptional and talented people could hardly overlook
such a beautiful place as our Earth'. And so Fermi came
to his overwhelming question, --- `If all this has been
happening, they should have arrived here by now, so
where are they?' It was Leo Szilard, a man with an
impish sense of humor who supplied the perfect reply to
Fermi's rhetoric: `They are among us', he said, `but
they call themselves Hungarians'.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science \& Education (Springer)",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/11191",
keywords = "Albert Szent-Gyorgyi; Andrew Graf (later Grove);
Arthur Koestler; Baron Jozsef E{\"o}tv{\"o}s; Baron
Roland E{\"o}tv{\"o}s; Charles Simonyi; Cornelius
Lanczos; Dennis Gabor; Edward Teller; Enrico Fermi;
Ervin Bauer (husband of Szilard's sister); Eugene
Wigner; George de Hevesy; George Soros; George von
B{\'e}k{\'e}sy; John G. Kemeny; John von Neumann; Leo
Szilard; Leslie Groves; life in the Universe; Martians;
Michael Polanyi; Peter Lax; Robert B{\'a}r{\'a}ny;
Theodore von Karman; Valentine Telegdi; Zoltan Bay",
remark = "Based on the author's book \booktitle{The Voice of the
Martians}, Roland E{\"o}tv{\"o}s Physical Society,
Budapest, 1994. From page 226: ``The usage of {\em y\/}
instead of {\em i\/} at the end of the [Hungarian]
family name indicates a nobleman, like {\em von\/} in
German or {\em de\/} in Italian.''",
}
@Article{Ripin:1996:SSI,
author = "Barrett H. Ripin",
title = "{Szilard}, {Schawlow} Inducted into {Inventor's Hall
of Fame}",
journal = "{APS} News",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??",
month = nov,
year = "1996",
bibdate = "Tue Feb 24 18:49:03 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/199611/inventors.cfm",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{vonBorstel:1996:MAA,
author = "R. C. von Borstel and J. W. Drake and L. H. Loeb",
title = "Mechanisms of antimutagenesis and anticarcinogenesis",
journal = j-MUTAT-RES,
volume = "350",
number = "1",
pages = "294",
year = "1996",
CODEN = "MUREAV",
ISSN = "0027-5107 (print), 1873-135X (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0027-5107",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 17:25:09 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue: mechanisms of antimutagenesis and
carcinogenesis. Dedicated to Aaron Novik and the memory
of Leo Szilard (1898--1964), the discoverers of
antimutagenesis.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Mutation Research",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00275107",
}
@InCollection{Wigner:1996:LS,
author = "E. P. Wigner",
title = "{Leo Szilard (1898--1964)}",
crossref = "Wigner:1996:CWE",
pages = "139--149",
year = "1996",
bibdate = "Sat Jul 28 11:44:23 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/d/dirac-p-a-m.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Winterberg:1996:MHN,
author = "Friedwardt Winterberg and G{\"u}nter Herrmann and Igor
Fodor and Lincoln Wolfenstein and Mark E. Singer",
title = "More on How {Nazi Germany} Failed to Develop the
Atomic Bomb",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "49",
number = "1",
pages = "11--83",
month = jan,
year = "1996",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2807455",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Mon May 21 06:18:55 2018",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/m/meitner-lise.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
keywords = "Kurt Diebner; R. D{\"o}pel; Siegfried Fl{\"u}gge; Otto
Robert Frisch; Samuel A. Goudsmit; Otto Hahn; Paul
Harteck; Fritz Houtermans; Werner Heisenberg; Lise
Meitner; Leo Szilard; Walter Trinks; Gottfried von
Droste; Carl Friedrich von Weisz{\"a}cker",
remark = "Five letters from scientists from Germany and the US
with their views on why the Nazi uranium project failed
to produce either a working reactor, or an atomic bomb.
Winterberg, who was Heisenberg's student after the war,
writes ``Another point worth mentioning is that it was
Fritz Houtermans, not Leo Szilard, who had first
suggested the possibility of a nuclear chain reaction
with neutrons. This view is also shared by Soviet
scientists who had known Houtermans well, because
Houtermans had emigrated before the war to the Soviet
Union and had been arrested there, but had returned to
Germany around 1940 in a Soviet--German prisoners
exchange and then had worked for the German uranium
project. And it has been forgotten that simultaneously
with Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch, Gottfried von Droste
and Siegfried Fl{\"u}gge of the Kaiser Wilhelm
Institute for Physics in Berlin had reached the same
conclusion regarding the energy released in uranium
fission, with their results being published in the
Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Physikalische Chemie.'' Yet it was
Szilard who applied for, and received, a British patent
on nuclear fission, and is usually credited by most
historians as the first to conceive of a chain
reaction. In retrospective, the notion of an
exponential chain reaction seems likely to have
occurred to at least several physicists.",
}
@Article{Dannen:1997:ESR,
author = "Gene Dannen",
title = "The {Einstein--Szilard} Refrigerators",
journal = j-SCI-AMER,
volume = "276",
number = "1",
pages = "90--95",
month = jan,
year = "1997",
CODEN = "SCAMAC",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0197-90",
ISSN = "0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8733",
bibdate = "Sat Sep 8 09:04:27 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "Compendex database;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.sciam.com/1997/0107issue/0107quicksummary.html",
URL = "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican/journal/v276/n1/pdf/scientificamerican0197-90.pdf;
http://www.sciam.com/0197issue/0197currentissue.html",
abstract = "Strange but true: Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard, two
of this century's greatest theoretical physicists, were
also inventors. During the 1920s, they collaborated on
designs for home refrigerators based on novel
principles. Recently recovered documents explain what
happened to these devices.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
ajournal = "Sci. Amer.",
classification = "641.1; 644.1; 644.2; 644.3; 803; 901.3",
fjournal = "Scientific American",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican",
journalabr = "Sci Am",
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Ammonia; Compressors; Electromagnetic
pumps; Engineering research; Home refrigerator;
Inventor; Leo Szilard; Liquid metals; Machine design;
Patents and inventions; Physicist; Physics; Potassium
alloys; Potassium sodium alloys; Refrigerants;
Refrigeration; Refrigerators; Thermodynamics",
remark = "Dannen writes: ``To the best of my knowledge,
\ldots{}, none of the Einstein--Szilard designs ever
reached consumers.'' Available in Arabic, Chinese,
French, German, Japanese, Polish, and Spanish editions
of this magazine.",
}
@Article{Dannen:1997:SRD,
author = "Gene Dannen",
title = "Story of refrigerator designed by {Einstein} and
{Szilard} gets iced",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "50",
number = "12",
pages = "102--102",
month = dec,
year = "1997",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.881619",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997PhT....50l.102D",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
remark = "The author comments: ``To the best of my knowledge,
\ldots{}, none of the Einstein--Szilard designs ever
reached consumers.''",
}
@Article{Horvath:1997:TKE,
author = "T. Horvath",
title = "{Theodore K{\'a}rm{\'a}n}, {[Eugene] Paul Wigner},
{John [von] Neumann}, {Leo Szilard}, {Edward Teller}
and their ideas of ultimate reality and meaning",
journal = j-ULTIM-REAL-MEAN,
volume = "20",
number = "2--3",
pages = "123--146",
month = jun # "\slash " # sep,
year = "1997",
ISSN = "0709-549X",
bibdate = "Tue Jun 4 14:12:41 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Ultimate Reality and Meaning",
}
@InCollection{Lanouette:1997:MBB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The man behind the bomb",
crossref = "Lopez:1997:PSN",
pages = "9--17",
year = "1997",
bibdate = "Sat May 16 12:52:45 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Lanouette:1997:SLF,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Szilard Leo}: Fizikus es Bekecsinalo. ({Hungarian})
[{Leo Szilard}: Physicist and Peacemaker]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "??",
number = "3",
pages = "96.0--??",
year = "1997",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Hungarian translation of \cite{Lanouette:1996:LSP}.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9703/lanoue.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Neff:1997:LSA,
author = "T. Neff",
title = "{Leo Szilard Award Lecture}: Unwinding the Cold War",
journal = "APS April Meeting Abstracts",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "702--??",
month = apr,
year = "1997",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "American Physical Society, APS/AAPT Joint Meeting,
April 18--21, 1997, abstract \#G7.02.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997APS..APR..G702N",
abstract = "Two generations of scientists in the US and the Soviet
Union spent their lives in the shadow of the cold war,
building the scientific and technical infrastructure
and shaping the institutional and policy structures
that maintained a stable ``balance of terror.'' The
cold war is now over, but the lethal products of it,
and the decaying institutions and policies that
perpetuated it, are probably more dangerous than ever.
At the same time, the loss of cold war imperatives
means fewer government resources and less policy
attention to the problems of reversing the cold war.
Moreover, solving these problems will require that the
forces and talents of economics and business be
integrated with the technical skill and imagination of
physical scientists. Science fundamentally involves
skills of problem definition and problem-solving. Both
American and Russian scientists and engineers must
expand their tool kits and the scope of their
imaginations if they are to undo the dangerous legacy
of the cold war and find productive new roles in a
post-cold war world. This address is intended to
illustrate how this can be done, using the past five
years' experience in developing and implementing the
agreement between the U.S. and Russia to motivate,
finance, and institutionalize the destruction of
approximately 20,000 Russian nuclear weapons through
the commercially-driven recovery and destruction of 500
tonnes of highly enriched uranium from those weapons.
Such approaches can have benefits much broader than the
destruction of weapons, if we can recognize the
opportunities and pursue them wisely. Unfortunately,
there is a basic lack of imagination and will, one that
is further frustrated by bureaucratic inertia and the
parochial interests of cold war institutions. The irony
is that Russia is more ready to change than the US, but
it is the US that is, in principle but perhaps not in
practice, most able to help lead the world out of the
cold war era.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Osborn:1997:RCR,
author = "June Osborn",
title = "Report from the Conference Rapporteur",
journal = "Health and Human Rights",
volume = "2",
number = "3",
pages = "105--111",
month = "????",
year = "1997",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/4065161",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Brief mention on pages 110--110 of Leo Szilard's ten
commandments, and the book \booktitle{Genius in the
Shadows}.",
}
@Book{Shils:1997:PGI,
author = "Edward Shils and Joseph Epstein",
title = "Portraits: a gallery of intellectuals",
publisher = pub-U-CHICAGO,
address = pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
pages = "255",
year = "1997",
ISBN = "0-226-75336-0 (hardcover), 0-226-75337-9 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-226-75336-2 (hardcover), 978-0-226-75337-9
(paperback)",
LCCN = "CT3990.A2 S55 1997",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 10:05:26 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/uchi051/96033162.htm;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/uchi051/96033162.htm",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1910--1995",
keywords = "Harold Laski; John Nef; Leo Szilard; Leopold Labedz';
Nirad Chaudhuri; Robert Maynard Hutchins",
subject = "intellectuals; United States; biography; scholars;
intellectual life; 20th Century",
}
@Book{Walker:1997:PUD,
author = "J. Samuel Walker",
title = "Prompt and utter destruction: {Truman} and the use of
atomic bombs against {Japan}",
publisher = pub-U-NC,
address = pub-U-NC:adr,
pages = "xiii + 142",
year = "1997",
ISBN = "0-8078-2361-9 (hardcover), 0-8078-4662-7 (paperback),
0-8078-6618-0 (e-book)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-8078-2361-3 (hardcover), 978-0-8078-4662-9
(paperback), 978-0-8078-6618-4 (e-book)",
LCCN = "D767.25.H6 W355 1997",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 09:28:10 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
URL = "http://www.h-net.org/review/hrev-a0b3w6-aa;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/1408325;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054041;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/27551824;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/3642279",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "William Lanouette, author of the Leo Szilard
biography, \booktitle{Genius in the Shadows}, says of
this book: ``The clearest, fairest, and most
comprehensive account of a difficult and historically
critical event. \ldots{} I only wish this book had been
available before the 1995 debates about the `Enola Gay'
exhibit at the Smithsonian Institution, for it would
have destroyed the posturing on both extremes.'' [from
the back cover of \booktitle{The Review of Politics}
{\bf 59}(4) 1997, the back cover of \booktitle{Pacific
Historical Review} {\bf 66}(4) 1997, the front matter
of \booktitle{Presidential Studies Quarterly} {\bf
27}(4) 1997, and the back matter of \booktitle{World
Politics} {\bf 50}(2) 1998.]",
subject = "World War, 1939-1945; United States; Japan; Atomic
bomb; Foreign relations; 1945--1953; Truman, Harry S.",
subject-dates = "1884--1972",
tableofcontents = "A categorical choice? \\
The most terrible weapon ever known \\
The prospects for victory, June 1945 \\
Paths to victory \\
Truman and the bomb at Potsdam \\
Hiroshima and Nagasaki \\
Hiroshima in history \\
Chronology: key events of 1945 relating to the Pacific
war",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1998:OSL,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Orsz{\'a}gos {Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} Fizikaverseny.
({Hungarian}) [{The Leo Szilard Memorial
Competition}]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Anonymous:1998:PCL,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "Prescience and Conscience: {Le{\'o} Szil{\'a}rd}
(1898--1964)",
journal = j-EUROPHYS-NEWS,
volume = "29",
number = "3",
pages = "92--93",
month = "????",
year = "1998",
CODEN = "EUPNAS",
ISSN = "0531-7479 (print), 1432-1092 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0531-7479",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 19 08:55:28 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.europhysicsnews.org/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Europhysics News",
journal-URL = "http://www.europhysicsnews.org",
}
@Misc{Anonymous:1998:RLS,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "The Register of {Leo Szilard} Papers 1898--1998",
howpublished = "Mandeville Special Collections Library Geisel Library
University of California, San Diego",
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://libraries.ucsd.edu/speccoll/testing/html/mss0032a.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Baksay:1998:SLD,
author = "Baksay{ }L{\'a}szl{\'o}",
title = "A {Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} d{\'\i}j ({Hungarian}) [{The
Leo Szilard Award}]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Browne:1998:SNO,
author = "John C. Browne and Mezei{ }Ferenc",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd} nukle{\'a}ris {\"o}r{\"o}ks{\'e}ge
{\'e}s a j{\"o}v{\H{o}}. ({Hungarian}) [{The} future of
{Szil{\'a}rd}'s legacy]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Csikai:1998:SLE,
author = "Csikai{ }Gyula",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} {\'e}letm{\H{u}}ve {\'e}s
hat{\'a}sa. ({Hungarian}) [{Leo Szilard}'s life work
and its impact on physics]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Csoori:1998:SLE,
author = "Cso{\'o}ri{ }S{\'a}ndor",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} eml{\'e}kt{\'a}bl{\'a}j{\'a}nak
felavat{\'a}sa. ({Hungarian}) [{Leo Szilard} at home
again]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/csoori.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Csoori::1998:SLE,
author = "Cso{\'o}ri{ }S{\'a}ndor",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} eml{\'e}kt{\'a}bl{\'a}j{\'a}nak
felavat{\'a}sa. ({Hungarian}) [{Leo Szil{\'a}rd} at
home again]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Czeizel:1998:SLC,
author = "Czeizel{ }Endre",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} csal{\'a}df{\'a}ja.
({Hungarian}) [{Leo Szilard}'s family tree]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Misc{Dannen:1998:LSI,
author = "Gene Dannen",
title = "{Leo Szilard} the Inventor: a Slideshow",
howpublished = "A talk delivered at the Leo Szilard Centenary
E{\"o}tv{\"o}s University, Budapest, Hungary.",
day = "9",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Published [with many typographical errors] in
\cite{Marx:1998:LSC}.",
URL = "http://www.dannen.com/budatalk.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@PhdThesis{Delano:1998:DAE,
author = "Andrew Douglas Delano",
title = "Design analysis of the {Einstein} refrigeration
cycle",
type = "{Ph.D.} thesis",
school = "Georgia Institute of Technology",
address = "Atlanta, GA, USA",
pages = "171",
year = "1998",
ISBN = "0-599-10835-5",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-599-10835-6",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Sat Jan 12 11:44:35 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://search.proquest.com/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/304432717",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
advisor = "Sam V. Shelton",
classification = "0548: Mechanical engineering; 0585: Science
history",
dissertation-thesis-number = "9912523",
keywords = "Einstein--Szilard refrigerator; US Patent 1,781,541
(single pressure absorption refrigerator)",
subject = "Mechanical engineering; Science history",
}
@Article{Earman:1998:EXW,
author = "John Earman and John D. Norton",
title = "{Exorcist XIV}: The Wrath of {Maxwell's Demon}. {Part
I}. From {Maxwell} to {Szilard}",
journal = j-STUD-HIST-PHILOS-MOD-PHYS,
volume = "29",
number = "4",
pages = "435--471",
month = dec,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "????",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1016/S1355-2198(98)00023-9",
ISSN = "1355-2198 (print), 1879-2502 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1355-2198",
bibdate = "Wed Nov 2 10:28:27 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/shps-b.bib;
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13552198",
URL = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1355219898000239",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
ajournal = "Stud. Hist. Philos. Mod. Phys.",
fjournal = "Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13552198",
}
@Article{Erdi-Krausz:1998:UCM,
author = "{\'E}rdi-Krausz{ }G{\'a}bor",
title = "Az utols{\'o} csille\ldots{} --- a magyarorsz{\'a}gi
ur{\'a}nb{\'a}ny{\'a}szat t{\"o}rt{\'e}nete.
({Hungarian}) [{The} last miner's truck --- the history
of uranium mining in {Hungary}]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Gerjuoy:1998:LST,
author = "E. Gerjuoy",
title = "{Leo Szilard}. {Toward} a Livable World",
journal = "APS April Meeting Abstracts",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "405--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "American Physical Society, APS/AAPT Joint April
Meeting, April 18-21, 1998 Columbus, Ohio, abstract
\#D4.05.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998APS..APR..D405G",
abstract = "For essentially his entire adult life Leo Szilard
sought to increase the likelihood that the results of
basic scientific research, which especially since World
War II have so greatly increased humanity's ability to
manipulate the natural world, would be used for
humanity's benefit. This talk will review and assess
Szilard's endeavors in this quest, to which he so
unwaveringly devoted his energies and talents. I also
will reflect on the significance of that quest for this
audience of scientists who, thirty four years after
Szilard's death, have assembled today to honor him.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Geszti:1998:SID,
author = "Geszti Tam{\'a}s",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd} {\'e}s az inform{\'a}ci{\'o} d{\'e}mona.
({Hungarian}) [{Szilard} and the demon of
information]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Gyorgy:1998:TSL,
author = "Klein{ }Gy{\"o}rgy",
title = "Tal{\'a}lkoz{\'a}sok {Szil{\'a}rd} Le{\'o}val.
({Hungarian}) [{Szilard} plays chess with death]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Hatano:1998:NSS,
author = "T. Hatano and S. Sasa",
title = "Numerical simulations on {Szilard}'s engine and
information erasure",
journal = j-PROG-THEOR-PHYS,
volume = "100",
number = "4",
pages = "695--702",
month = oct,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "PTPKAV",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1143/PTP.100.695",
ISSN = "0033-068x (print), 1347-4081 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0033-068X",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Progress of Theoretical Physics",
journal-URL = "http://ptp.oxfordjournals.org/content/by/year",
}
@Article{Herschbach:1998:SDH,
author = "Dudley Herschbach",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd} {\'e}s delfinjei. ({Hungarian})
[{Szilard} and his dolphin]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Klara:1998:SCJ,
author = "Berei{ }Kl{\'a}ra",
title = "A {Szil{\'a}rd--Chalmers}-jelens{\'e}g {\'e}s a
forr{\'o}atom-k{\'e}mia. ({Hungarian})
[{Szil{\'a}rd--Chalmers} effect and hot atom
chemistry]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Konuma:1998:TSL,
author = "Michiji Konuma",
title = "Tisztelet {Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}nak}. ({Hungarian})
[{Honoring Leo Szilard}]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Kubbig:1998:KIK,
author = "Bernd W. Kubbig",
title = "{Kommunikatoren im Kalten Krieg: Die
Pugwash-Konferenzen, die Amerikanisch-Sowjetische
Studiengruppe zur R{\"u}stungskontrolle und die
Grundlegung des ABM-Vertrages}. ({German})
[{Communicators} in the {Cold War}: The {Pugwash
Conferences}, the {Soviet--American Study Group on Arms
Control} and the foundation of the {ABM Treaty}]",
journal = j-AMERIKASTUDIEN,
volume = "43",
number = "2",
pages = "197--228",
month = "????",
year = "1998",
ISSN = "0340-2827",
ISSN-L = "0340-2827",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:17 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/41157367",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Amerikastudien / American Studies",
language = "German",
remark = "Brief mentions of Leo Szilard, and references to
\cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB,Szilard:1992:VDO}",
}
@Article{Lanouette:1998:LSCc,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: A Comic and Cosmic Wit",
journal = j-EUROPHYS-NEWS,
pages = "92--93, 123",
month = may # "\slash " # jun,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "EUPNAS",
ISSN = "0531-7479 (print), 1432-1092 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0531-7479",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "Europhysics News",
journal-URL = "http://www.europhysicsnews.org",
}
@Article{Lanouette:1998:SLK,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} --- Komikus {\'e}s kozmikus
tr{\'e}famester. ({Hungarian}) [{Leo Szil{\'a}rd} --- a
comic and cosmic wit]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Magyar:1998:EHH,
author = "Magyar{ }B{\'a}lint",
title = "{Erasmus Hazat{\'e}r}. ({Hungarian}) [{Erasmus}
returns home]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Marx:1998:BLR,
author = "George Marx",
title = "{Beller Lecture}: {The} Roots of {Leo Szilard} and his
Interdisciplinarity",
journal = "APS April Meeting Abstracts",
pages = "404--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "American Physical Society, APS/AAPT Joint April
Meeting, April 18-21, 1998 Columbus, Ohio, abstract
\#D4.04",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998APS..APR..D404M",
abstract = "A Central European among the whites was said about Leo
Szilard who originated from a polycultural family. In
the early 20th century he grew up in Hungary, at the
crossroads of history, where political regimes,
national borders, ideological doctrines, ``final
truths'' changed in a dizzying cavalcade. Instead of
conservative dogmatism this social environment required
critical thinking in order to survive. World War I was
the school of Theodore von K{\'a}rm{\'a}n, John von
Neumann, Eugene P. Wigner and Leo Szilard; each of them
learned trespassing political and disciplinary
boundaries without inhibition. Their sensitivity for
trends had been utilized by the United States when war
efforts and high tech required orientation under new
horizons. Szilard's interest ranged from statistical
physics through information theory to biological
evolution, from life phenomena through hot atoms to
nuclear strategy. His intellectual adventures might
look crazy jumps for specialists. But now, looking back
to the political and technological history of the 20th
century one can see than it was a consequent progress
of a future-sensitive mind.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Marx:1998:GHI,
author = "Marx{ }Gy{\"o}rgy",
title = "{Gaia}, a haland{\'o} istenn{\H{o}}. ({Hungarian})
[{Gaia}, the mortal goddess]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Marx:1998:SLH,
author = "Marx{ }Gy{\"o}rgy",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} hazat{\'e}rt. ({Hungarian})
[{Leo Szilard} returned home]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Naray-Szabo:1998:TTF,
author = "N{\'a}ray-Szab{\'o}{ }G{\'a}bor",
title = "A tud{\'o}s t{\'a}rsadalmi felel{\H{o}}ss{\'e}ge.
({Hungarian}) [{The} scientist's social
responsibility]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Novick:1998:KBH,
author = "Aaron Novick and Gene Dannen",
title = "Kalandoz{\'a}s a biol{\'o}gi{\'a}ban. ({Hungarian})
[{Adventure} in biology and ideas]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Pallo:1998:SAP,
author = "Pall{\'o}{ }G{\'a}bor and Marx{ }Gy{\"o}rgy",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd} {\'a}tvette a parancsnoks{\'a}got
\ldots{} --- besz{\'e}lget{\'e}s {Zeisel (Striker)
{\'E}v{\'a}val} {\'e}s l{\'a}ny{\'a}val. ({Hungarian})
[{Szilard} took command\ldots{} --- a chat with {Eva
Zeisel-Striker} and her daughter]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Radnai:1998:SLI,
author = "Radnai{ }Gyula",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} iskol{\'a}i. ({Hungarian}) [{Leo
Szilard}'s secondary school years in {Budapest}]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Ripin:1998:HFL,
author = "Barrett H. Ripin",
title = "Historical Factal: {Leo Szilard}",
journal = "{APS} News",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Tue Feb 24 18:44:04 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "The story begins: ``Leo Szilard was born 100 years ago
on February 11, 1898, in Budapest, Hungary, and
emigrated to the US in 1938.''",
URL = "http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/199802/szilard.cfm",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Rosa:1998:AKA,
author = "R{\'o}sa{ }G{\'e}za",
title = "{{\'A}}ttekint{\'e}s a k{\"u}l{\"o}nb{\"o}z{\H{o}}
atomer{\H{o}}m{\H{u}}t{\'\i}pusokr{\'o}l. ({Hungarian})
[{Various} types of nuclear power plants --- a
survey]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Rotblat:1998:SLP,
author = "Joseph Rotblat",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}}, a {Pugwash}-mozgalom
{\'u}tt{\"o}r{\H{o}}je. ({Hungarian}) [{Leo Szilard}, a
{Pugwash} movement pioneer]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Seaborg:1998:SLH,
author = "Glenn Seaborg and Bertram Wolfe",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} hozz{\'a}j{\'a}rul{\'a}sa a
{Vil{\'a}ghoz}: ({Hungarian}) [{Szilard}'s contribution
to the {World}]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Silard:1998:SEH,
author = "John Silard",
title = "Szem{\'e}lyes eml{\'e}keim. ({Hungarian}) [{Personal}
recollections]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Szabadvary:1998:SLT,
author = "Szabadv{\'a}ry{ }Ferenc",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}} tanulm{\'a}nyai a budapesti
{J{\'o}zsef N{\'a}dor M{\H{u}}egyetemen}. ({Hungarian})
[{Leo Szilard}'s studies at {Budapest Technical
University}]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Telegdi:1998:SIA,
author = "Valentine L. Telegdi",
title = "{Szilard} as an Inventor: accelerators and more",
journal = "APS April Meeting Abstracts",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "402--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "American Physical Society, APS/AAPT Joint April
Meeting, April 18-21, 1998 Columbus, Ohio, abstract
\#D4.02.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998APS..APR..D402T",
abstract = "In the field of Nuclear physics, Szilard's role as an
inventor is well recognized. The very idea of a
sustained nuclear chain reaction is credited to him and
a joint patent with Enrico Fermi covers all the
essential features of the carbon-uranium reactor. His
proposals concerning accelerators, covered in
applications for patents which never seem to have been
issued, have not yet been publicized. He invented the
cyclotron, the linear accelerator and the concept of
phase stability. These inventions shall be discussed in
a historical framework.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Teller:1998:RMH,
author = "Teller{ }Ede",
title = "{R{\"o}vid} megeml{\'e}kez{\'e}s. ({Hungarian}) [{A}
brief commemoration]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Tibell:1998:AFL,
author = "Gunnar Tibell",
title = "Arvet fr{\aa}n {Leo Szilard}: hur st{\aa}r det till
med den etiska reflexionen i dagens forskning?
({Swedish}) [{The} heritage of {Leo Szilard}: ethical
reflections on today's research]",
journal = "V{\aa}r l{\"o}sen: kristen kulturtidskrift",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "116--120",
month = "????",
year = "1998",
ISSN = "0346-4679",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 26 18:04:58 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.libris.kb.se:210/libr",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Swedish",
subject = "Szilard, Leo; forskningsetik; k{\"a}rnvapenfr{\aa}gan;
k{\"a}rnvapen; historia; f{\"o}renta staterna;
Research; Moral and ethical aspects; Judiska
naturvetenskapsm{\"a}n",
subject-dates = "1898--1964",
}
@Article{Vizi:1998:SC,
author = "Vizi{ }E.{ }Szilveszter",
title = "Science and conscience",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Second special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9804/tart9804.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
}
@Article{Weinberg:1998:SLB,
author = "Alvin M. Weinberg",
title = "{Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o}}, a bomba {\'e}s a
vil{\'a}gb{\'e}ke j{\"o}v{\H{o}}je. ({Hungarian}) [{Leo
Szilard}, the bomb and the future of world peace]",
journal = j-FIZ-SZ,
volume = "48",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
CODEN = "FISZA6",
ISSN = "0015-3257 (print), 1588-0540 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0015-3257",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 09:08:49 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Special issue on the centenary of Leo Szilard's
birth.",
URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum/fsz9802/tart9802.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fizikai Szemle (Budapest)",
journal-URL = "http://www.kfki.hu/fszemle/archivum",
language = "Hungarian",
}
@Article{Winkler:1998:RUM,
author = "A. M. Winkler",
title = "Realism, Utopia, and the mushroom cloud: Four activist
intellectuals and their strategies for peace,
1945--1989; {Louise Weiss (France), Leo Szilard (USA),
E. P. Thompson (England), Danilo Dolci (Italy)}",
journal = j-AM-HIST-REV,
volume = "103",
number = "2",
pages = "488--488",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.2307/2649786",
ISSN = "0002-8762 (print), 1937-5239 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0002-8762",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The American Historical Review",
journal-URL = "http://ahr.oxfordjournals.org/;
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/toc/ahr/current;
http://www.jstor.org/journals/00028762.html",
}
@Article{Earman:1999:EXW,
author = "John Earman and John D. Norton",
title = "{Exorcist XIV}: The Wrath of {Maxwell's Demon}. {Part
II} From {Szilard} to {Landauer} and Beyond",
journal = j-STUD-HIST-PHILOS-MOD-PHYS,
volume = "30",
number = "1",
pages = "1--40",
month = mar,
year = "1999",
CODEN = "????",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1016/S1355-2198(98)00026-4",
ISSN = "1355-2198 (print), 1879-2502 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1355-2198",
bibdate = "Wed Nov 2 10:28:28 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/shps-b.bib;
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13552198",
URL = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1355219898000264",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
ajournal = "Stud. Hist. Philos. Mod. Phys.",
fjournal = "Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13552198",
}
@Article{Gerjuoy:1999:LST,
author = "Edward Gerjuoy",
title = "{Leo Szilard}. {Toward} a Livable World",
journal = "Physics and Society",
volume = "28",
number = "1",
pages = "??--??",
month = jan,
year = "1999",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 15:36:03 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://flux.aps.org/meetings/YR98/BAPSAPR98/abs/S395005.html;
http://www.aps.org/units/fps/newsletters/1999/january/ajan99.html#a3",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Howes:1999:TDS,
author = "Ruth (Ruth Hege) Howes and Caroline L. Herzenberg and
Ellen C. Weaver",
title = "Their day in the sun: women of the {Manhattan
Project}",
publisher = "Temple University Press",
address = "Philadelphia, PA, USA",
pages = "viii + 264",
year = "1999",
ISBN = "1-56639-719-7 (hardcover), 1-59213-192-1 (paperback),
0-585-38881-4 (e-book)",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-56639-719-3 (hardcover), 978-1-59213-192-1
(paperback), 978-0-585-38881-6 (e-book)",
LCCN = "QC773.3.U5 H68 1999",
bibdate = "Sat Jan 12 17:17:12 MST 2013",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/born-max.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/feynman-richard-p.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/peierls-rudolf.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
series = "Labor and social change",
abstract = "The history of the Manhattan Project, America's
extremely secretive effort during World War II to
develop the atomic bomb, is almost always presented in
light of the male scientists who made the bomb. But, in
fact, a large number of women were also involved in the
project, although until now their contributions have
largely been ignored. \par
Authors Ruth H. Howes and Caroline L. Herzenberg
discuss the various scientific problems the women
helped to solve as well as the discrimination they
faced in their work. Their abrupt recruitment for the
war effort and anecdotes of everyday life in the
clandestine, improvised communities, what happened to
the women after the war, and their present attitudes
toward the work they did on the bomb are also
included.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Paperback edition appeared in 2003, and some library
catalogs list that as the year of the book. Hardcover
edition is definitely 1999.",
subject = "Women scientists; United States; Frauenarbeit;
Frauenberuf; Frauenfeindlichkeit; Kernwaffe; Weltkrieg
(1939--1945); Wissenschaftlerin; USA",
tableofcontents = "Foreword / vii \\
Prolog / 1 \\
1: The Great Scientific Adventure / 6 \\
2: The Founding Mothers: Pioneers in Nuclear Science /
20 \\
3: The Physicists / 35 \\
4: The Chemists / 67 \\
5: Mathematicians and Calculators / 93 \\
6: Biologists and Medical Scientists / 115 \\
7: The Technicians / 132 \\
8: Other Women of the Manhattan Project / 152 \\
9: After the War / 181 \\
Epilogue / 201 \\
Appendix 1: Female Scientific and Technical Workers in
the Manhattan Project / 203 \\
Appendix 2: Chronology / 219 \\
References / 237 \\
Index / 253",
}
@InCollection{Lanouette:1999:LSB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard} and the {A}-bomb",
crossref = "Chambers:1999:OCA",
pages = "??--??",
year = "1999",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 18:01:16 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Lanouette:1999:LSP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: Physics, Politics, and the Narrow
Margin of Hope",
journal = "Physics and Society",
volume = "28",
number = "1",
pages = "8--9",
month = jan,
year = "1999",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "????",
ISSN-L = "????",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 15:32:38 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://flux.aps.org/meetings/YR98/BAPSAPR98/abs/S395003.html;
http://www.aps.org/units/fps/newsletters/1999/january/ajan99.html#a2",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Stachel:1999:EIS,
author = "John Stachel",
title = "{Einstein} and {Infeld}, Seen Through Their
Correspondence",
journal = j-ACTA-PHYS-POL-B,
volume = "30",
number = "10",
pages = "2879--2908",
month = oct,
year = "1999",
CODEN = "APOBBB",
ISSN = "0587-4254 (print), 1509-5770 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0587-4254",
bibdate = "Thu Jun 01 08:40:57 2017",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/i/infeld-leopold.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
note = "The appendix \booktitle{Scientific Writings of Leopold
Infeld} is an shortened version of the annotated
bibliography in \cite{Infeld:1970:LIB}.",
URL = "http://www.actaphys.uj.edu.pl/fulltext?series=Reg&vol=30&page=2879",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Acta Physica Polonica B",
journal-URL = "http://www.actaphys.uj.edu.pl/pl/acta_physica_polonica_b",
subject-dates = "Albert Einstein (1879--1955); Leopold Infeld
(1898--1968); Leo Szilard (1898--1964)",
}
@Misc{Anonymous:19xx:BMP,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "The Birth of Modern Physics",
howpublished = "Los Alamos National Laboratory Web document",
year = "19xx",
bibdate = "Thu Aug 02 08:36:58 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Section \booktitle{The Einstein Letter} discusses the
Einstein--Roosevelt letter of 2 August 1939, and says
``drafted mostly by Szilard.''.",
URL = "http://www.lanl.gov/history/road/birthofmodernphysics.shtml",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Dannen:19xx:LSE,
author = "Gene Dannen",
title = "{Leo Szilard and Ernest O. Lawrence}",
howpublished = "Web site",
year = "19xx",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 09:07:51 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://members.peak.org/~danneng/lawrence.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "The site notes that Szilard filed a German patent
application for the cyclotron on 5 January 1929, more
than three years before Lawrence's application on 26
January 1932. Ernest Orlando Lawrence received The
Nobel Prize in Physics 1939 ``for the invention and
development of the cyclotron and for results obtained
with it, especially with regard to artificial
radioactive elements''.",
}
@Misc{Hawkins:19xx:LSM,
author = "Helen Hawkins",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: The Man Behind the Bomb, A Postscript
with {Gertrud Weiss Szilard}",
howpublished = "Undated interview broadcast on KPBS-TV, San Diego, CA,
USA, and held in the Leo Szilard papers archive.",
year = "19xx",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 17:17:49 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Leo Szilard married Gertrud Weiss late in life, and
she outlived him by 17 years, dying in 1981.",
}
@Book{Canaday:2000:NML,
author = "John Canaday",
title = "The Nuclear Muse: Literature, Physics, and the First
Atomic Bombs",
publisher = "University of Wisconsin Press",
address = "Madison, WI, USA",
pages = "xviii + 310",
year = "2000",
ISBN = "0-299-16850-6 (hardcover), 0-299-16854-9 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-299-16850-6 (hardcover), 978-0-299-16854-4
(paperback)",
LCCN = "QC791.96 .C36 2000",
bibdate = "Fri Jul 5 14:40:57 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/physperspect.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
URL = "http://www.e-streams.com/es0409/es0409_1493.htm",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Nuclear energy; History; Atomic bomb; Nuclear physics
in literature",
tableofcontents = "Introduction: Literature, Physics, and the First
Atomic Bombs / 3 \\
``What We Can Say about Nature'': Metaphor, Analogy,
and the Birth of Subatomic Physics / 31 \\
``Wandering on New Paths'': Niels Bohr's
Complementarity Principle / 55 \\
``The Sense of Option in Knowledge'': The
\booktitle{Blegdamsvej Faust} and Quantum Mechanics /
81 \\
\booktitle{The Los Alamos Primer}: The Uses of Fiction
in Founding a Laboratory / 109 \\
A City on ``The Hill'': Decoding Life in Los Alamos /
130 \\
New Worlds, Old Words: The Exploration and Discovery of
Nuclear Physics / 161 \\
``Taking the Cloth'': The Moral Texture of Los Alamos /
183 \\
``Beggared Description'': Writing Nuclear Weapons / 205
\\
Physics in Fiction: ``\booktitle{The Voice of the
Dolphins}'' and \booktitle{Riddley Walker} / 227 \\
Notes / 253 \\
Bibliography / 285 \\
Index / 301",
}
@Misc{Dannen:2000:WRW,
author = "Gene Dannen",
title = "Are We On The Road To War?",
howpublished = "Web site.",
year = "2000",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 08:48:53 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.dannen.com/roadtowar.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Contains link to 30-minute audio file of Szilard
speaking at Harvard University in 17 November 1961.",
}
@Article{Lanouette:2000:OCB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The Odd Couple and the Bomb",
journal = j-SCI-AMER,
volume = "283",
number = "5",
pages = "104--109",
month = nov,
year = "2000",
CODEN = "SCAMAC",
ISSN = "0036-8733 (print), 1946-7087 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-8733",
bibdate = "Sat Nov 11 18:07:55 MST 2000",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.sciam.com/2000/1100issue/1100quicksummary.html",
note = "An article about the Fermi--Szilard collaboration to
create the world's first nuclear reactor. Reprinted in
\cite{Lanouette:2001:FSE,Lanouette:2001:EPB}.",
abstract = "The first controlled nuclear chain reaction and the
Manhattan Project grew out of the caustic collaboration
of physicists Enrico Fermi and Leo Szilard",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "Scientific American",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican",
xxpages = "86-91",
}
@Article{Michaudon:2000:FMW,
author = "Andr{\'e} F. Michaudon and Ileana G. Buican",
title = "A Factor of Millions: Why we made plutonium",
journal = j-LOS-ALAMOS-SCIENCE,
volume = "??",
number = "26",
pages = "4--9",
month = nov,
year = "2000",
CODEN = "LASCDI",
ISSN = "0273-7116",
bibdate = "Mon Jun 18 17:02:22 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/pubs/00818004.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Los Alamos Science",
keywords = "Enrico Fermi",
}
@PhdThesis{Schaefer:2000:SPA,
author = "Laura Atkinson Schaefer",
title = "Single pressure absorption heat pump analysis",
type = "{Ph.D.} thesis",
school = "Georgia Institute of Technology",
address = "Atlanta, GA, USA",
pages = "176",
year = "2000",
ISBN = "0-599-84298-9",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-599-84298-4",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Sat Jan 12 11:44:33 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://search.proquest.com/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://search.proquest.com/docview/304619904",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
advisor = "Samuel V. Shelton",
classification = "0548: Mechanical engineering",
dissertation-thesis-number = "9978424",
keywords = "Einstein--Szilard single-pressure absorption cycle; US
Patent 1,781,541 (single pressure absorption
refrigerator)",
subject = "Mechanical engineering",
}
@Article{Schwarzschild:2000:BHS,
author = "Bertram Schwarzschild",
title = "{Bohr--Heisenberg Symposium} Marks {Broadway} Opening
of {{\booktitle{Copenhagen}}}",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "53",
number = "5",
pages = "51--52",
month = may,
year = "2000",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.883076",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 12 15:15:45 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://link.aip.org/link/phtoad/v53/i5/p51/s1",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
keywords = "Copenhagen; Hans Bethe; Michael Frayn; Niels Bohr;
Werner Heisenberg",
remark-1 = "From page 51: ``In America, Hungarian refugee Leo
Szilard, talking in 1942 to the chemical engineers who
manufactured commercial graphite, discovered that the
offending impurity was boron, and that enough of it
could be removed to make graphite bricks sufficiently
pure for reactors. In Germany, with its hierarchical
ways, Bethe asserted, no physicist would have deigned
to consult a chemical engineer. Once you have working
reactors --- something Heisenberg and his colleagues
never achieved during the war --- you can make fissile
plutonium, which, unlike U235, can be separated
chemically.''",
remark-2 = "From page 51: ``If Heisenberg did attempt to calculate
the critical mass in earlier days --- itself an
unsettled historical issue --- the fact that he got it
wrong puts him in good company. Session cochair Spencer
Weart reminded the audience that even Fermi got it
wrong. `The first to get it right,' he said, `were
Peierls and Frisch' in England.''",
remark-3 = "From page 52: ``\ldots{} a 1947 letter from Born to
his son Gustav, describing a postwar conversation with
Heisenberg: `His philosophy of life is definitely
somewhat infected by Nazi ideas. He has a kind of
`biological' creed, `survival of the fittest,' applied
to human relations and seems to regret more that the
Germans have not turned out to be the fittest, than
what we regard to be the sad and regrettable
things.'''",
}
@Article{Telegdi:2000:SIA,
author = "V. L. Telegdi",
title = "{Szilard} as inventor: Accelerators and more",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "53",
number = "10",
pages = "25--28",
month = oct,
year = "2000",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1325189",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 15:24:15 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000PhT....53j..25T",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
}
@Article{Allen:2001:SEN,
author = "A. D. Allen",
title = "{Szilard} endorsed nuclear medicine by example",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "54",
number = "2",
pages = "82--82",
month = feb,
year = "2001",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1359724",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001PhT....54b..82A",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
}
@Book{Czinkos:2001:SLP,
author = "T{\'\i}mea Czinkos and Leo Szilard and J{\'a}nosne
Tak{\'a}cs",
title = "A {Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o} Professzori
{\`e}Oszt{\"o}nd{\'\i}j} nyertesei: 2001",
publisher = "Oktat{\'a}si Miniszt{\'e}rium",
address = "Budapest, Hungary",
pages = "44",
year = "2001",
LCCN = "MLCS 2008/45433 (Q)",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Hungarian",
remark = "At head of title: Alap{\'i}tv{\'a}ny a Magyar
Fels{\^\i}ooktat{\'a}s{\'e}rt {\'e}s
Kutat{\'a}s{\'e}rt.",
}
@Article{Dannen:2001:SIP,
author = "Gene Dannen",
title = "{Szilard}'s inventions patently halted",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "54",
number = "3",
pages = "102--102",
month = mar,
year = "2001",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1366083",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001PhT....54c.102D",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
}
@Article{E:2001:LS,
author = "S. E.",
title = "{Leo Szilard 1898--1964}",
journal = j-EUROPHYS-NEWS,
volume = "32",
number = "1",
pages = "31--31",
month = jan # "\slash " # feb,
year = "2001",
CODEN = "EUPNAS",
ISSN = "0531-7479 (print), 1432-1092 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0531-7479",
bibdate = "Mon May 21 16:45:39 2018",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "https://www.europhysicsnews.org/articles/epn/pdf/2001/01/epn2001-32-1.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Europhysics News",
journal-URL = "http://www.europhysicsnews.org",
remark = "From the article start: ``On his plaque is written:
Leo Szilard, brilliant physicist, was born here on 11
February 1898. He was one the founders of the first
atomic reactor, and worked tirelessly to prevent the
proliferation of nuclear weapons and to promote the
peaceful use of nuclear energy.''",
}
@Article{Lanouette:2001:BC,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Bomb Cooperation",
journal = "Scientific American (Japanese Edition)",
volume = "31",
number = "2",
pages = "114--121",
month = feb,
year = "2001",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "????",
ISSN-L = "????",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
xxnote = "Find original Japanese title and provide
transliteration.",
}
@Article{Lanouette:2001:BWP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Bombowa Wspolpraca. ({Polish}) [{Bomb} Cooperation]",
journal = j-SWIAT-NAUKI,
pages = "70--75",
month = may,
year = "2001",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "0867-6380 (print), 1689-0191 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0867-6380",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "{\'S}wiat Nauki [Polish edition of Scientific
American]",
journal-URL = "http://www.swiatnauki.pl",
language = "Polish",
}
@Article{Lanouette:2001:EPB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "La extrana pareja y la bomba. ({Spanish}) [{The} Odd
Couple and the Bomb]",
journal = "Investigacion y Ciencia",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "18--23",
month = jan,
year = "2001",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "1665-4412",
ISSN-L = "1665-4412",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 14:59:16 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Spanish",
}
@Article{Lanouette:2001:FSE,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Fermi, Szilard und der erste Atomreaktor}. ({German})
[{Fermi}, {Szilard} and the first atomic reactor]",
journal = j-SPEKTRUM-WISSENSCHAFT,
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "78--83",
day = "1",
month = jan,
year = "2001",
CODEN = "SPEKDI",
ISSN = "0170-2971",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 14:57:01 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Spektrum der Wissenschaft (German translation of
Scientific American)",
journal-URL = "http://www.spektrum.de/shop/spektrum-der-wissenschaft/archiv/",
language = "German",
}
@Article{Lanouette:2001:GPS,
author = "W. Lanouette",
title = "{Goldhaber} provided {Szilard}'s isotopes",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "54",
number = "10",
pages = "14--14",
month = oct,
year = "2001",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1420539",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
}
@Book{Medawar:2001:HGT,
author = "J. S. Medawar and David Pyke",
title = "{Hitler}'s Gift: the True Story of the Scientists
Expelled by the {Nazi} Regime",
publisher = "Arcade Publishing",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "xx + 268",
year = "2001",
ISBN = "1-55970-564-7",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-55970-564-6",
LCCN = "Q141 .M385 2001",
bibdate = "Sat Aug 22 12:55:27 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/born-max.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/m/meitner-lise.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/peierls-rudolf.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/planck-max.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Foreword by Max Perutz.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
shorttableofcontents = "German science before Hitler \\
The coming of the Nazis \\
Einstein \\
Rescuers \\
Refugees to Britain --- physicists \\
Refugees to Britain --- biologists and chemists \\
Refugees to the United States \\
Those who stayed \\
Internment \\
The bomb",
subject = "Jewish scientists; Germany; Great Britain; United
States; Science and state; History; 20th century;
National socialism and science; Science",
tableofcontents = "Acknowledgements / vii \\
List of Illustrations / ix \\
Foreword by Dr Max Perutz OM FRS / xi \\
Introduction / xv \\
I German Science Before Hitler / 1 \\
2 The Coming of the Nazis / 15 \\
3 Einstein / 31 \\
4 Rescuers / 49 \\
5 Refugees to Britain --- Physicists / 69 \\
6 Refugees to Britain --- Biologists and Chemists / 95
\\
7 Refugees to the United States / 131 \\
8 Those Who Stayed / 157 \\
9 Internment / 191 \\
IO The Bomb / 211 \\
Epilogue / 231 \\
Appendix I: Nobel Prize Winners Who Left Their
Universities / 241 \\
Appendix II: The Frisch--Peierls Memorandum / 243 \\
Appendix III: `That Was the War: Enemy Alien' / 247 \\
Selected Bibliography / 257 \\
Notes / 259 \\
Index / 263",
}
@Book{Ottaviani:2001:FJR,
author = "Jim Ottaviani and others",
title = "Fallout: {J. Robert Oppenheimer}, {Leo Szilard}, and
the political science of the atomic bomb",
publisher = "G. T. Labs",
address = "Ann Arbor, MI, USA",
pages = "239",
year = "2001",
ISBN = "0-9660106-3-9",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-9660106-3-3",
LCCN = "QC773.3.U5 O78 2001",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 26 14:56:06 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
jenson.stanford.edu:2210/unicorn",
abstract = "``A story of the Manhattan Project and the price J.
Robert Oppenheimer, Leo Szilard, and we all paid for
the atomic bomb.''. So, you've always wanted to learn
how to build an atomic bomb? You're in luck; Jim
Ottaviani is not only a comics writer, he also has a
master's degree in nuclear engineering! But even though
it's not a complete do-it our self manual (assembly
required, and plutonium is definitely NOT included),
Fallout will bring group up to speed on the science and
politics of the nuclear gadgets. The focus of Fallout
is on scientists, in particular J. Robert Oppenheimer
and Leo Szilard, whose lives offer a cautionary tale
about the uneasy alliance between the military, the
government, and the beginnings of ``big science''.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Oppenheimer, J. Robert; comic books, strips, etc;
Szilard, Leo; atomic bomb; history; historical comic
books, strips, etc",
subject-dates = "1904--1967",
}
@Article{Parrondo:2001:SER,
author = "J. M. R. Parrondo",
title = "The {Szilard} engine revisited: Entropy, macroscopic
randomness, and symmetry breaking phase transitions",
journal = j-CHAOS,
volume = "11",
number = "3",
pages = "725--733",
month = sep,
year = "2001",
CODEN = "CHAOEH",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1388006",
ISSN = "1054-1500",
ISSN-L = "1054-1500",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Chaos..11..725P",
abstract = "The role of symmetry breaking phase transitions in the
Szilard engine is analyzed. It is shown that symmetry
breaking is the only necessary ingredient for the
engine to work. To support this idea, we show that the
Ising model behaves exactly as the Szilard engine. We
design a purely macroscopic Maxwell demon from an Ising
model, demonstrating that a demon can operate with
information about the macrostate of the system. We
finally discuss some aspects of the definition of
entropy and how thermodynamics should be modified to
account for the variations of entropy in second-order
phase transitions.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Chaos (Woodbury, NY)",
journal-URL = "http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/chaos",
keywords = "Thermodynamic functions and equations of state,
Lattice theory and statistics",
}
@Book{Anonymous:2002:HOA,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "{Handbuch {\"O}sterreichischer Autorinnen und Autoren
j{\"u}discher Herkunft 18. bis 20. Jahrhundert}",
publisher = pub-SAUR,
address = pub-SAUR:adr,
pages = "xxiii + 1818 (3 volumes)",
year = "2002",
ISBN = "3-598-11545-8",
ISBN-13 = "978-3-598-11545-5",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 15:19:51 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "carmin.sudoc.abes.fr:210/ABES-Z39-PUBLIC;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Bedford:2002:HCH,
author = "Joel S. Bedford and William C. Dewey",
title = "Historical and Current Highlights in Radiation
Biology: Has Anything Important Been Learned by
Irradiating Cells?",
journal = j-RADIAT-RES,
volume = "158",
number = "3",
pages = "251--291",
month = sep,
year = "2002",
CODEN = "RAREAE",
ISSN = "0033-7587 (print), 1938-5404 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0033-7587",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:17 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/3580880",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Radiation Research",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/journal/radirese",
remark = "Contains just one brief mention on page 276 of Leo
Szilard's advice to Theodore T. Puck and Philip I.
Marcus to ``use X-irradiated feeder cells to get single
mammalian cells to divide and form macroscopic colonies
in a Petri dish.''",
}
@Article{Byers:2002:FS,
author = "N. Byers",
title = "{Fermi} and {Szilard}",
journal = "ArXiv Physics e-prints",
month = jul,
year = "2002",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002physics...7094B",
abstract = "Enrico Fermi and Leo Szilard worked together at
Columbia in 1939--40, just after nuclear fission was
discovered, to ascertain the feasibility of a nuclear
chain reaction, and then on the construction of the
first nuclear reactor. Szilard believed a nuclear bomb
could be built, and that the Germans may be doing so,
but Fermi was sceptical. The Anglo--American project to
build a bomb began late in 1941 after Oliphant brought
the Frisch--Peierls memorandum to the attention of U.
S. physicists. Szilard recalled ``On matters scientific
or technical there was rarely any disagreement [but]
Fermi and I disagreed from the very start of our
collaboration about every issue that involved not
science but principles of action in the face of the
approaching war. If the nation owes us gratitude ---
and it may not --- it does so for having stuck it out
together as long as was necessary.'' As the war with
Germany was drawing to a close and the successful
construction of the atomic bombs was well underway,
these two men took opposing positions regarding use of
the bombs.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
eprint = "arXiv:physics/0207094",
keywords = "Physics --- History of Physics, Physics --- Physics
and Society",
}
@Book{Czinkos:2002:SLP,
author = "T{\'i}mea Czinkos and Leo Szilard and J{\'a}nosn{\'e}
Tak{\'a}cs",
title = "A {Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o} Professzori
{\`e}Oszt{\"o}nd{\'i}j} nyertesei: 2002",
publisher = "MF Plusz",
address = "Budapest, Hungary",
pages = "44",
year = "2002",
LCCN = "MLCS 200845422 (Q)",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Hungarian",
remark = "At head of title: Alap{\'i}tv{\'a}ny a Magyar
Fels{\^\i}ooktat{\'a}s{\'e}rt {\'e}s
Kutat{\'a}s{\'e}rt.",
}
@InProceedings{Devereux:2002:SEM,
author = "Michael Devereux",
editor = "Daniel P. Sheehan",
booktitle = "Quantum Limits to the Second Law: {First International
Conference on Quantum Limits to the Second Law. San
Diego, California (USA), 29--31 July 2002. AIP
Conference Proceedings}",
title = "{Szilard's Engine}: Measurement, Information, and
{Maxwell's Demon}",
volume = "643",
publisher = pub-AIP,
address = pub-AIP:adr,
pages = "279--284",
month = nov,
year = "2002",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1523817",
ISBN = "0-7354-0098-9",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-7354-0098-6",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 19:11:44 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/c/clerk-maxwell-james.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
series = "American Institute of Physics Conference Series",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002AIPC..643..279D",
abstract = "Using an isolated measurement process, we calculate
the effect measurement has on entropy for the
multi-cylinder Szilard engine. We find that the system
of cylinders possesses an entropy associated with
cylinder total energy states, and that it records
information transferred at measurement. Contrary to
other's results, we find that the apparatus loses
entropy due to measurement. The Second Law of
Thermodynamics may be preserved if Maxwell's demon
gains entropy moving the engine partition.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Thermodynamics",
}
@Book{Garwin:2002:MMF,
author = "Richard L. Garwin and Georges Charpak",
title = "Megawatts and megatons: the future of nuclear power
and nuclear weapons",
publisher = pub-U-CHICAGO,
address = pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
pages = "xvii + 412",
year = "2002",
ISBN = "0-226-28427-1 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-226-28427-9 (paperback)",
LCCN = "QC792 .C4713 2002",
bibdate = "Sat Mar 14 10:46:27 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.bib",
URL = "http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/bios/uchi051/2002027143.html;
http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/description/uchi051/2002027143.html;
http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/uchi051/2002027143.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Originally published: New York: Alfred A. Knopf,
2001.",
subject = "Nuclear energy; Nuclear industry; Nuclear arms
control; Nuclear arms control; Nuclear energy; Nuclear
industry; Atomare Abr{\"u}stung; Einf{\"u}hrung;
Kernenergie; Kernwaffe; R{\"u}stungspolitik",
tableofcontents = "1: All energy stems from the same source \\
2: The nuclear chain reaction \\
3: Nuclear weapons \\
4: Natural radiation and living things \\
5: The civilian use of nuclear energy \\
6: A glimpse of the future of nuclear power \\
7: Safety, nuclear accidents, and industrial hazards
\\
8: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions \\
9: Comparing hazards of nuclear power and other energy
\\
10: Making best use of scientists \\
11: From arms race ot arms control \\
12: Current nuclear threats to security \\
13: Can we rid the world of nuclear weapons? \\
14: A turning point in the nuclear age?",
}
@Article{Kelly:2002:LSL,
author = "H. Kelly",
title = "{Leo Szilard Lectureship Award}: The Public Obligation
of Scientists in the {21st Century}",
journal = "APS April Meeting Abstracts",
pages = "I6002--??",
month = apr,
year = "2002",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "American Physical Society, April Meeting, Jointly
Sponsored with the High Energy Astrophysics Division
(HEAD) of the American Astronomical Society April 20 -
23, 2002 Albuquerque Convention Center Albuquerque, New
Mexico Meeting ID: APR02, abstract \#I6.002.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002APS..APR.I6002K",
abstract = "As many as ten billion people may be alive at the end
of the 21st century. Without order-of-magnitude changes
in the productivity of systems for satisfying this
population's needs and whimsies, we face starkly
growing worldwide inequality, unsustainable plundering
of shrinking supplies of natural resources, or both.
Can we invent energy sources that are sustainable,
affordable, and consistent with security? Can we mimic
the ability of biological systems and build small,
inexpensive machines that can fabricate tens of
thousands of products on demand from simple raw
materials? Can we use information and communication
systems to optimize design and performance (the human
brain uses half the energy of modern Pentium chips but
most people seem much more clever.) Can we cut the
resources needed to move people and things from point
to point or to maintain homes and office spaces with
comfortable light by an order of magnitude? As an APS
summer study proved nearly three decades ago, there is
much room for optimism about what we can do to address
these problems and much has been learned since this
initial foray. But there is there less room to be
optimistic about changing incentive systems to reflect
what we collectively want to do. Scientists who
recognize what is possible can not in conscience ignore
the complex, frustrating, and morally perilous world of
domestic and international politics. Learning to be
effective is not easy. Understanding political systems
is not easy and being effective means engaging in the
agonizing business of sorting through third or
fourth-best solutions that are vastly better than no
solution at all. The century can not end well without
an effective partnership between science and
politics.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InProceedings{Lanouette:2002:HV,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "A Historian's View",
crossref = "Leventhal:2002:NPS",
pages = "233--234",
year = "2002",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 14:52:24 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "A talk about the balance between nuclear power and
nuclear weapons, featuring Leo Szilard's inventive
strategy for arms control.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Article{Leff:2002:MDS,
author = "Harvey S. Leff",
title = "{Maxwell's Demon} and the {Second Law} [of
Thermodyamics]",
journal = j-AIP-CONF-PROC,
volume = "643",
number = "1",
pages = "408--??",
year = "2002",
CODEN = "APCPCS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1523837",
ISSN = "0094-243X (print), 1551-7616 (electronic), 1935-0465",
ISSN-L = "0094-243X",
bibdate = "Thu Jul 06 16:40:34 2017",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/c/clerk-maxwell-james.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "AIP Conference Proceedings",
journal-URL = "http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/proceeding/aipcp",
keywords = "James Clerk Maxwell; Leo Szilard",
subject-dates = "James Clerk Maxwell (1831--1879)",
}
@Article{Pinkus:2002:API,
author = "Binyamin Pinkus and Moshe Tlamim",
title = "Atomic Power to {Israel}'s Rescue: {French--Israeli}
Nuclear Cooperation, 1949--1957",
journal = j-ISRAEL-STUD,
volume = "7",
number = "1",
pages = "104--138",
month = "????",
year = "2002",
ISSN = "1084-9513 (print), 1527-201X (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1084-9513",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:17 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/30246784",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Israel Studies",
remark = "Two brief mentions of Leo Szilard, and reference to
\cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Raiteri:2002:FJR,
author = "S. Raiteri",
title = "Fallout: {J. Robert Oppenheimer}, {Leo Szilard}, and
the political science of the atomic bomb",
journal = j-LIBR-J,
volume = "127",
number = "14",
pages = "153--153",
month = sep,
year = "2002",
CODEN = "LIBJA7",
ISSN = "0363-0277",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Library Journal",
}
@Article{Telegdi:2002:EFA,
author = "Valentine L. Telegdi",
title = "{Enrico Fermi in America}",
journal = j-PHYS-TODAY,
volume = "55",
number = "6",
pages = "38--43",
month = jun,
year = "2002",
CODEN = "PHTOAD",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1496374",
ISSN = "0031-9228 (print), 1945-0699 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-9228",
bibdate = "Thu Jun 21 08:54:19 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/resource/1/phtoad/v55/i6/p38_s1",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.physicstoday.org/",
}
@Book{Batyi:2003:SLP,
author = "Emese B{\'a}tyi and Leo Szilard and J{\'a}nosn{\'e}
Tak{\'a}cs",
title = "A {Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o} Professzori
{\`e}Oszt{\"o}nd{\'i}j} nyertesei: 2003",
publisher = "MF Plusz",
address = "Budapest, Hungary",
pages = "64",
year = "2003",
LCCN = "MLCS 2008/45436 (Q)",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Hungarian",
remark = "At head of title: Alap{\'i}tv{\'a}ny a Magyar
Fels{\^\i}ooktat{\'a}s{\'e}rt {\'e}s Kutat{\'a}s.",
}
@Article{Bernstein:2003:RAG,
author = "Barton J. Bernstein",
title = "Reconsidering the {``Atomic General''}: {Leslie R.
Groves}",
journal = j-J-MIL-HIST,
volume = "67",
number = "3",
pages = "883--920",
month = jul,
year = "2003",
ISSN = "0899-3718 (print), 1543-7795 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0899-3718",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:17 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/3397331",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "The Journal of Military History",
journal-URL = "http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_military_history/",
remark-1 = "Several mentions of Leo Szilard.",
remark-2 = "From page 890: ``Groves retained, in the postwar
period, his strong wartime distaste, if not contempt,
for the Hungarian-born emigre scientist Leo Szilard,
who, in turn, once stated that his favorite hobby was
`baiting the brass' --- by which he especially meant
Groves and his appointees. At one juncture in World War
II, Groves had even drafted an order to incarcerate
Szilard, but apparently Secretary Stimson vetoed it, as
Groves had probably anticipated.''",
remark-3 = "This paper contains serious challenges to the accuracy
and scholarship of publications by Stanley Goldberg and
William Lawren.",
}
@Article{Devereux:2003:MSE,
author = "Michael Devereux",
title = "A Modified {Szilard} Engine: Measurement, Information,
and {Maxwell's Demon}",
journal = j-FOUND-PHYS-LETT,
volume = "16",
number = "1",
pages = "41--55",
month = feb,
year = "2003",
CODEN = "FPLEET",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024150106884",
ISSN = "0894-9875 (print), 1572-9524 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0894-9875",
bibdate = "Sat Jun 3 17:35:01 MDT 2017",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/foundphyslett.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Foundations of Physics Letters",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/10702",
}
@InProceedings{Lanouette:2003:GHB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Grunde und Hintergrunde des Bombenabwurfs auf
Hiroshima}. ({German}) [Reason and Circumstances of the
{Hiroshima} Bomb]",
crossref = "Prigge:2003:BBA",
pages = "187--195",
year = "2003",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "A talk about the U.S. scientists' struggle to control
the A-bomb they had created, presented at a UNESCO
Conference on World Cultural Heritage of the 20th
Century ``Modernity and Barbarism.'' The Bauhaus,
Dessau, Germany. 4 June 1999. Article translated by
Marie Neumullers.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
language = "German",
}
@Article{Seed:2003:HGW,
author = "David Seed",
title = "{H. G. Wells} and the Liberating Atom",
journal = j-SCI-FICT-STUD,
volume = "30",
number = "1",
pages = "33--48",
month = mar,
year = "2003",
ISSN = "0091-7729 (print), 2327-6207 (electronic)",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
note = "The author describes a meeting between H. G. Wells
(author of \booktitle{The World Set Free}) and Leo
Szilard, who had read Wells' book in 1932 and was
impressed by it as a work of fiction. When Szilard
thought of the possibility of a nuclear chain reaction
in 1933, his memory of Wells' book led him to apply
immediately for a British patent on nuclear fission.",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/4241139",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Science Fiction Studies",
}
@Book{VanDeMark:2003:PKN,
author = "Brian VanDeMark",
title = "{Pandora}'s keepers: nine men and the atomic bomb",
publisher = pub-LITTLE-BROWN,
address = pub-LITTLE-BROWN:adr,
pages = "xii + 399 + 16",
year = "2003",
ISBN = "0-316-73833-6",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-316-73833-0",
LCCN = "QC774.A2 V36 2003",
bibdate = "Sat Jun 25 16:15:22 MDT 2016",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy045/2002043646.html",
abstract = "During the war, few of the atomic scientists
questioned the wisdom of their desperate endeavor. But
afterward, they were forced to deal with the sobering
legacy of their creation. Some were haunted by the dead
of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and would become anti-nuclear
weapons activists; others would go on to build bigger
and even deadlier bombs. Some would remain friends;
others would become bitter rivals and enemies. In
explaining their lives and their struggles, Brian
VanDeMark superbly illuminates the ways in which these
brilliant and sensitive men came to terms with their
horrific creation. The result is spectacular history
and a moral investigation of the highest order. There
were nine of them: men with the names Oppenheimer,
Teller, Fermi, Bohr, Lawrence, Bethe, Rabi, Szilard,
and Compton --- brilliant men who believed in science
and who saw before anyone else did the awesome workings
of an invisible world. They came from many places, some
fleeing Nazism in Europe, others quietly slipping out
of university teaching jobs, all gathering in secret
wartime laboratories to create the world's first atomic
bomb. At one such place hidden away in the mountains of
northern New Mexico --- Los Alamos --- they would crack
the secret of the nuclear chain reaction and construct
a device that incinerated a city and melted its victims
so thoroughly that the only thing left was their
scorched outlines on the sidewalks.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1960--",
subject = "Nuclear physicists; Biography; Atomic bomb; Moral and
ethical aspects; Nuclear weapons; Nuclear physics",
tableofcontents = "Exodus \\
The gathering storm \\
The Manhattan Project \\
The Met Lab \\
Los Alamos \\
The decision to use the bomb \\
Three fires \\
An end, a beginning \\
The superbomb debate \\
The Oppenheimer affair \\
Twilight years \\
The atomic scientists and today",
}
@Book{Wigner:2003:REP,
author = "Eugene Paul Wigner and Andrew Szanton",
title = "The recollections of {Eugene P. Wigner} as told to
{Andrew Szanton}",
publisher = pub-BASIC-BOOKS,
address = pub-BASIC-BOOKS:adr,
pages = "xxiv + 335",
year = "2003",
ISBN = "0-7382-0886-8",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-7382-0886-2",
LCCN = "QC16.W52",
bibdate = "Sun Sep 1 09:54:48 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1902--1995",
keywords = "Edward Teller; Eugene Paul Wigner; John von Neumann;
Leo Szilard",
remark = "Originally published in \cite{Wigner:1992:REP}. Dannen
\cite[reference 47]{Dannen:2015:PLL} remarks:
``Wigner's recollections must be treated with great
caution \ldots{} One would never guess, reading this
book, that Szilard was once his dearest friend.''",
subject = "Wigner, Eugene Paul; Physicists; United States;
Biography",
subject-dates = "1902--1995",
}
@Article{Zurek:2003:MDS,
author = "Wojciech Hubert Zurek",
title = "{Maxwell's Demon}, {Szilard's Engine} and Quantum
Measurements",
journal = "eprint arXiv:quant-ph/0301076",
month = jan,
year = "2003",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003quant.ph..1076Z",
abstract = "We propose and analyze a quantum version of Szilard's
``one-molecule engine.'' In particular, we recover, in
the quantum context, Szilard's conclusion concerning
the free energy ``cost'' of measurements: $ \Delta F
\geq k_B T \ln 2 $ per bit of information.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
eprint = "arXiv:quant-ph/0301076",
}
@Book{Batyi:2004:SLP,
author = "Emese B{\'a}tyi and Leo Szilard and Orsolya
Sz{\^\i}ucs and J{\'a}nosn{\'e} Tak{\'a}cs",
title = "A {Szil{\'a}rd Le{\'o} Professzori
{\`e}Oszt{\"o}nd{\'i}j} nyertesei: 2004",
publisher = "Oktat{\'a}si Miniszt{\'e}rium",
address = "Budapest, Hungarian",
pages = "60",
year = "2004",
LCCN = "MLCS 2008/45435 (Q)",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Hungarian",
remark = "At head of title: Alap{\'i}tv{\'a}ny a Magyar
Fels{\^\i}ooktat{\'a}s{\'e}rt {\'e}s
Kutat{\'a}s{\'e}rt.",
}
@Article{Blow:2004:MFP,
author = "D. M. Blow",
title = "{Max Ferdinand Perutz, OM CH CBE, 19 May 1914--6
February 2002}",
journal = j-BIOGRAPH-MEMOIRS-FELLOWS-ROY-SOC,
volume = "50",
number = "3",
pages = "227--256",
month = "????",
year = "2004",
CODEN = "BMFRA3",
ISSN = "0080-4606 (print), 1748-8494 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0080-4606",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
note = "Brief mention of Szilard's campaign to create an
international laboratory of molecular biology on the
model of CERN, with reference to
\cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/4140521",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00804606.html",
}
@InCollection{Brillouin:2004:SPW,
author = "L{\'e}on Brillouin",
title = "{Szilard}'s Problem: The Well-Informed Heat Engine",
crossref = "Brillouin:2004:SIT",
pages = "176--178",
year = "2004",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:10:03 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Byers:2004:FS,
author = "Nina Byers",
title = "{Fermi} and {Szilard}",
crossref = "Cronin:2004:FR",
pages = "215--228",
year = "2004",
bibdate = "Mon Jul 02 06:06:29 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InProceedings{Lanouette:2004:LSB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: Baiting Brass Hats",
crossref = "Kelly:2004:RMP",
pages = "73--77",
year = "2004",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 14:48:07 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "A book chapter (based on a 2002 symposium talk) about
Szilard's efforts to start, accelerate, and then end
the Manhattan Project; including his struggles for ---
then against --- atomic secrecy.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Article{Maas:2004:LSP,
author = "W. Maas",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: A personal remembrance",
journal = j-GEN,
volume = "167",
number = "2",
pages = "555--558",
month = jun,
year = "2004",
CODEN = "GENTAE",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.104.030320",
ISSN = "0016-6731 (print), 1943-2631 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0016-6731",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.genetics.org/content/167/2/555.full",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Genetics",
journal-URL = "http://www.genetics.org/content/by/year",
}
@Article{Thompson:2004:TML,
author = "P. M. Thompson",
title = "{Thomas Merton} and {Leo Szilard}: The parallel paths
of a monk and a nuclear physicist",
journal = j-ZYGON-J-RELIG-SCI,
volume = "39",
number = "4",
pages = "979--986",
month = dec,
year = "2004",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2004.00632.x",
ISSN = "0591-2385 (print), 1467-9744 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0591-2385",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Zygon Journal of Religion and Science",
journal-URL = "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1467-9744",
}
@Article{Wald:2004:FLP,
author = "Chelsea Wald",
title = "Focus: Landmarks: The {Physical Review}'s Explosive
Secret",
journal = j-PHYS-REV-FOCUS,
volume = "14",
number = "??",
pages = "17--??",
month = "????",
year = "2004",
CODEN = "PRFHAQ",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFocus.14.17",
ISSN = "1539-0748",
bibdate = "Sun Jun 24 12:18:22 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://physics.aps.org/story/print/v14/st17",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review Focus",
journal-URL = "http://focus.aps.org/",
remark = "This brief report describes the background of the
five-year suppression of the publication of papers on
the discovery of plutonium (element 94).",
}
@Misc{Anonymous:2005:LSP,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "{Leo Szilard} Papers",
howpublished = "Mandeville Special Collections Library, 9500 Gilman
Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093-0175, USA.",
year = "2005",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 05:38:06 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "MSS 32",
URL = "http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf0z09n7k3",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Badash:2005:APN,
author = "Lawrence Badash",
title = "{American} Physicists, Nuclear Weapons in {World War
II}, and Social Responsibility",
journal = j-PHYS-PERSPECT,
volume = "7",
number = "2",
pages = "138--149",
month = jun,
year = "2005",
CODEN = "PHPEF2",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00016-003-0215-6",
ISSN = "1422-6944 (print), 1422-6960 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1422-6944",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 27 18:29:21 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.springerlink.com/content/u2638016081u076h/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics in Perspective (PIP)",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/16",
keywords = "atomic bomb; Ernest Rutherford; fission; Hiroshima; J.
Robert Oppenheimer; James Franck; Leo Szilard;
Manhattan Project; Nagasaki; nuclear weapons; Robert R.
Wilson; social responsibility; World War II",
}
@Article{Balaban:2005:SD,
author = "N. Q. Balaban",
title = "{Szilard}'s dream",
journal = j-NATURE-METHODS,
volume = "2",
number = "9",
pages = "648--649",
month = sep,
year = "2005",
CODEN = "NMAEA3",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth0905-648",
ISSN = "1548-7091 (print), 1548-7105 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1548-7091",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Nature Methods",
journal-URL = "http://www.nature.com/nmeth/archive/",
}
@Article{Frank:2005:ERG,
author = "Tibor Frank",
title = "Ever Ready to Go: The Multiple Exiles of {Leo
Szilard}",
journal = j-PHYS-PERSPECT,
volume = "7",
number = "2",
pages = "204--252",
month = jun,
year = "2005",
CODEN = "PHPEF2",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00016-004-0236-9",
ISSN = "1422-6944 (print), 1422-6960 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1422-6944",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005PhP.....7..204F;
http://www.springerlink.com/content/1422-6960/",
abstract = "I argue that to understand the life and work of Leo
Szilard (1898--1964) we have to understand, first, that
he was driven by events to numerous departures,
escapes, and exiles, changing his religion, his
language, his country of residence, and his scientific
disciplines; second, that he was a man haunted by major
moral dilemmas throughout his life, burdened by a
sincere and grave sense of responsibility for the fate
of the world; and third, that he experienced a terrible
sense of d{\'e}j{\`a} vu: his excessive sensitivity and
constant alertness were products of his experiences as
a young student in Budapest in 1919. The mature Szilard
in Berlin of 1933, and forever after, was always ready
to move. I proceed as follows: After a brief
introduction to his family background, youth, and
education in Budapest, I discuss the impact of his army
service in the Great War and of the tumultuous events
in Hungary in 1918--1919 on his life and psyche,
forcing him to leave Budapest for Berlin in late 1919.
He completed his doctoral degree under Max von Laue
(1879--1960) at the University of Berlin in 1922 and
his Habilitationsschrift in 1925. During the 1920s and
early 1930s, he filed a number of patents, several of
them jointly with Albert Einstein (1879--1955). He left
Berlin in March 1933 for London where he played a
leading role in the rescue operations for refugee
scientists and scholars from Nazi Germany. He also
carried out notable research in nuclear physics in
London and Oxford before immigrating to the United
States at the end of 1938. He drafted Einstein's famous
letter of August 2, 1939, to President Franklin D.
Roosevelt, worked in the Manhattan Project during World
War II, initiated a petition to President Harry S.
Truman not to use the bomb on Japan, and immediately
after the war was a leader in the scientists movement
that resulted in civilian control of nuclear energy. In
1946 he turned to biology, in which his most
significant contribution was to formulate a theory of
aging. In 1956 von Laue led an effort to invite him to
head a new institute for nuclear physics in West
Berlin, which he ultimately declined at the end of
1959. He remained in the United States, becoming a
highly visible public figure, speaking, writing, and
traveling extensively, and even corresponding with
Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev and President John
F. Kennedy to promote the international control of
nuclear weapons. In retrospect, although Szilard was a
man of many missions, his life story could be read as
that of a man of conscience with but a single mission,
to save mankind.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics in Perspective (PIP)",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/16",
keywords = "Leo Szilard, William Beveridge, Arthur H. Compton,
Lord Cherwell, Albert Einstein, Enrico Fermi, Leslie R.
Groves, John F. Kennedy, Max von Laue, John von
Neumann, Friedrich A. Paneth, Max Planck, Michael
Polanyi, Erwin Schr{\"o}dinger, Edward Teller, Harold
C. Urey, Eugene Wigner, Budapest, Hungary, Berlin,
Great War, Nazi Germany, Szilard--Chalmers reaction,
World War II, Manhattan Project, Metallurgical
Laboratory, Franck Report, Atomic Bomb, Cold War,
Atomic Stalemate, patents, psychology, {\'e}migr{\'e}
scientists, nuclear physics, nuclear fission,
nuclear-chain reaction, scientists movement,
biophysics, theory of aging",
}
@Article{Gea-Banacloche:2005:QVS,
author = "J. Gea-Banacloche and H. S. Leff",
title = "Quantum version of the {Szilard} one-atom engine and
the cost of raising energy barriers",
journal = j-FLUCT-NOISE-LETT,
volume = "5",
number = "4",
pages = "C39--C47",
month = dec,
year = "2005",
CODEN = "FNLLAW",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219477505003014",
ISSN = "0219-4775 (print), 1793-6780 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0219-4775",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Fluctuation and Noise Letters",
journal-URL = "http://www.worldscientific.com/loi/fnl",
}
@Book{Klein:2005:SFO,
author = "Georg Klein",
title = "Skapelsens fullkomlighet och livets tragik:
ess{\"a}er. ({Swedish}) [{Creation}'s perfection and
life's tragedy: essays]",
publisher = "Bonnier",
address = "Stockholm, Sweden",
pages = "241 + 1",
year = "2005",
ISBN = "91-0-010786-7",
ISBN-13 = "978-91-0-010786-4",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 17:21:34 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.libris.kb.se:210/libr",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Swedish",
subject = "Utvecklingsl{\"a}ra; ess{\"a}er; Evolution; essays;
Apoptosis; Humanities; Natural sciences",
}
@Article{Kleppner:2005:LSR,
author = "Daniel Kleppner",
title = "{Leo Szilard} and the role of physicists in countering
nuclear threats",
journal = "APS April Meeting Abstracts",
pages = "6003--??",
month = apr,
year = "2005",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 15:42:23 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "American Physical Society, APS April Meeting, April
16-19, 2005, abstract \#T6.003",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005APS..APR.T6003K",
abstract = "Even before the first nuclear bomb was tested, Leo
Szilard led efforts by physicists to assert leadership
on the use of nuclear weapons. He warned about the
future possibility of delivering nuclear weapons by
missiles and also pointed out the ease by which nuclear
bombs could simply be carried across borders. The U.S.
has had an anti-ballistic missile program since the
1950's. Initially it was intended to counter a Soviet
nuclear threat but with the end of the cold war the
goal was changed to dealing with accidental or
unauthorized launches of Russian ICBMs. More recently,
the goal of the U.S. missile defense program was
shifted to countering a possible future threat posed by
emerging missile states. The APS Study of boost- phase
intercept was carried out in the Szilard tradition of
physicists providing leadership on public policy issues
involving science ad technology, in the hope that
factual analysis of technical problems can contribute
to better public policy.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Millet:2005:OPR,
author = "Lydia Millet",
title = "Oh pure and radiant heart",
publisher = "Soft Skull Press",
address = "Brooklyn, NY, USA",
pages = "489",
year = "2005",
ISBN = "1-932360-85-9",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-932360-85-1",
LCCN = "PS3563.I42175 O37 2005",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 26 14:56:06 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
jenson.stanford.edu:2210/unicorn",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip056/2005001028.htm",
abstract = "When a shy librarian in Santa Fe sees Robert
Oppenheimer, Enrico Fermi, and Leo Szilard, she risks
her career and relationships to follow them, building a
cult following comprised of hippis, bikers,
anthropologists, and survivors of the atom bomb to
mount a massive march on Washington.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Atomic bomb; Celebrities; Fermi, Enrico; Fiction; New
Mexico; Nuclear physicists; Oppenheimer, J. Robert;
Santa Fe (NM); Szilard, Leo; Time travel; Women
librarians",
subject-dates = "1904--1967; 1901--1954",
}
@Book{Neffe:2005:EBG,
author = "J{\"u}rgen Neffe",
title = "{Einstein: eine Biographie}. ({German}) [{Einstein}: a
Biography]",
publisher = pub-ROWOHLT,
address = pub-ROWOHLT:adr,
edition = "Second",
pages = "490 + 14",
year = "2005",
ISBN = "3-498-04685-3",
ISBN-13 = "978-3-498-04685-9",
LCCN = "QC16.E5 N44 2005",
bibdate = "Mon Aug 20 17:13:46 MDT 2007",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
subject = "Einstein, Albert; Physicists; Biography",
subject-dates = "Albert Einstein (1879--1955)",
tableofcontents = "Prolog Der Unsterbliche \\
Einsteins Geheimnis / 7 \\
1 Seine zweite Geburt \\
Schicksalsjahr 1919 / 13 \\
2 Wie aus Albert Einstein wurde \\
Psychogramm eines Genies / 24 \\
3 <<Eine neue Zeit!>> \\
Vom Fabrikantensohn zum Erfinder / 45 \\
4 Von Zwergen und Riesen \\
Eine kleine Geschichte der Wissenschaft, \\
wie Einstein sie las / 57 \\
5 Erbe verpflichtet \\
Einstein --- Detektive im Einsatz / 82 \\
6 <<Else oder Ilse>> \\
Der Physiker und die Frauen / 98 \\
7 Vom Wunderkind zum Wunderjahr \\
Einsteins Engel / 121 \\
8 Die Quadratur des Lichtes \\
Warum Einstein die Relativit{\"a}tstheorie \\
entdecken musste / 141 \\
9 Warum ist der Himmel blau? \\
Einstein -- eine Karriere / 169 \\
10 <<Liebe Buben \ldots{} Euer Papa>> \\
Das Drama des genialen Vaters / 187 \\
11 Anatomie einer Entdeckung \\
Wie Einstein die Allgemeine Relativit{\"a}tstheorie
fand / 228 \\
12 Lambdalebt \\
Einstein, <<Chefingenieur des Universums>> / 257 \\
13 Die Raumzeit bebt \\
Relativit{\"a}tstheorie auf dem Pr{\"u}fstand / 270 \\
14 Sein bester Feind \\
Einstein, Deutschland und die Politik / 280 \\
15 <<Ich bin doch kein Tiger>> \\
Mensch Einstein / 320 \\
16 Ein Jude namens Albert \\
Sein Gott war ein Prinzip / 342 \\
17 Der Zweck heiligt die Zweifel \\
Einstein und die Quantentheorie / 358 \\
18 Von der Gr{\"o}{\ss}e des Scheiterns \\
Die Suche nach der Weltformel / 386 \\
19 Von Barbarien nach Dollaria \\
Einsteins Amerika / 396 \\
20 <<Menschen sind eine schlechte Erfindung>> \\
Einstein, die Atombombe, McCarthy und das Ende / 418
\\
Zitatnachweise / 446 \\
Quellen und Literatur / 478 \\
Danksagung / 484 \\
Personenregister / 485 \\
Quellennachweis der Abbildungen / 492",
}
@Article{Paladi:2005:SMB,
author = "Vitalie Eremeev Florentin Paladi",
title = "A {Szilard} model-based computational study of the
evolution of agents-clusters",
journal = j-PHYSICA-A,
volume = "348",
pages = "630--640",
day = "17",
month = mar,
year = "2005",
CODEN = "PHYADX",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2004.09.012",
ISSN = "0378-4371 (print), 1873-2119 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0378-4371",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378437104012051",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physica A",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03784371",
onlinedate = "2005-MAR-15",
}
@Article{Schollmeyer:2005:MR,
author = "Josh Schollmeyer",
title = "Minority Report",
journal = j-BULL-AT-SCI,
volume = "61",
number = "1",
pages = "38--39",
month = jan,
year = "2005",
CODEN = "BASIAP",
ISSN = "0096-3402 (print), 1938-3282 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0096-3402",
bibdate = "Wed Aug 29 07:55:06 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists",
journal-URL = "http://bos.sagepub.com/",
keywords = "Franck Report (minority report of 11 June 1945 on use
of nuclear weapons)",
}
@Book{Hargittai:2006:MSF,
author = "Istv{\'a}n Hargittai",
title = "The {Martians of Science}: five physicists who changed
the twentieth century",
publisher = pub-OXFORD,
address = pub-OXFORD:adr,
pages = "xxiv + 313 + 32",
year = "2006",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195178456.001.0001",
ISBN = "0-19-517845-9 (hardcover)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-19-517845-6 (hardcover)",
LCCN = "QC15 .H27 2006",
bibdate = "Thu Oct 6 06:57:45 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/physperspect.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0636/2005029427-d.html;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0724/2005029427-b.html;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip061/2005029427.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Physicists; United States; Biography; Science;
History; 20th century; von K{\'a}rm{\'a}n, Theodore;
Szilard, Leo; Wigner, Eugene Paul; von Neumann, John;
Teller, Edward",
subject-dates = "1881--1963; 1902--1995; 1903--1957; 1908--2003",
tableofcontents = "Introduction \\
1: Arrival and departure \\
Family origins and early childhood \\
Gem and less: gimn{\'a}zium experience \\
Background in Hungary and first transition \\
2: Turning points in Germany \\
Theodore von K{\'a}rm{\'a}n \\
Leo Szilard \\
Eugene P. Wigner \\
John von Neumann \\
Edward Teller \\
4: ``To protect and defend'': World War II \\
Theodore von K{\'a}rm{\'a}n \\
Leo Szilard \\
Eugene P. Wigner \\
John von Neumann \\
Edward Teller \\
5: To deter: Cold War \\
Theodore von K{\'a}rm{\'a}n \\
Leo Szilard \\
Eugene P. Wigner \\
John von Neumann \\
Edward Teller \\
6: Being Martian \\
Comparisons \\
Traits \\
Religion and Jewishness \\
Being Hungarian \\
Epilogue \\
Greatness in science \\
Had they lived \\
Conclusion \\
Appendix: Sampler of quotable Martians \\
Notes \\
Select bibliography \\
Chronologies \\
Index",
}
@Article{Lanouette:2006:SPL,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The science and politics of {Leo Szilard}, 1898--1964:
evolution, revolution, or subversion?",
journal = j-SCI-PUBLIC-POL,
volume = "33",
number = "8",
pages = "613--617",
month = oct,
year = "2006",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.3152/147154306781778696",
ISSN = "0302-3427 (print), 1471-5430 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0302-3427",
bibdate = "Mon Dec 24 07:40:25 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
jenson.stanford.edu:2210/unicorn",
URL = "http://spp.oxfordjournals.org/content/33/8/613.abstract",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # acl-wl,
fjournal = "Science and Public Policy",
journal-URL = "http://spp.oxfordjournals.org/content/by/year",
}
@Article{Marcus:2006:GFC,
author = "Philip I. Marcus and Gordon H. Sato and Richard G. Ham
and David Patterson",
title = "The Genesis of ``Feeder Cells'': Concept and
Practice",
journal = j-IN-VITRO-CEL-DEV-BIO-ANIM,
volume = "42",
number = "8/9",
pages = "235--237",
month = sep # "\slash " # oct,
year = "2006",
CODEN = "IVCAED",
ISSN = "1071-2690 (print), 1543-706X (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1071-2690",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:17 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
note = "In memoriam tribute to Theodore T. Puck (24 September
1916--6 November 2005).",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/4295703",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "In Vitro Cellular \& Developmental Biology. Animal",
remark = "Numerous mentions of Leo Szilard.",
}
@Book{Marton:2006:GEN,
author = "Kati Marton",
title = "The great escape: nine {Jews} who fled {Hitler} and
changed the world",
publisher = pub-SIMON-SCHUSTER,
address = pub-SIMON-SCHUSTER:adr,
pages = "271 + 16",
year = "2006",
ISBN = "0-7432-6115-1 (hardcover), 0-7432-6116-X (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-7432-6115-9 (hardcover), 978-0-7432-6116-6
(paperback)",
LCCN = "DS135.H93 A153 2006",
bibdate = "Sat May 16 18:33:46 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
URL = "http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0665/2006049162-d.html;
http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0668/2006049162-s.html;
http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0668/2006049162-t.html;
http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0912/2006049162-b.html",
abstract = "Journalist Marton brings to life an unknown chapter of
World War II: the tale of nine men who grew up in
Budapest's brief Golden Age, then, driven from Hungary
by anti-Semitism, fled to the West, especially to the
United States, and changed the world. These nine men,
each celebrated for individual achievements, were
actually part of a unique group who grew up in a time
and place that will never come again, shaped by
Budapest's lively caf{\'e} life before the darkness
closed in. She follows the lives of four
history-changing scientists who helped usher in the
nuclear age and the computer (Edward Teller, John von
Neumann, Leo Szilard, and Eugene Wigner); two major
filmmakers (Michael Curtiz, who directed
\booktitle{Casablanca}, and Alexander Korda, who
produced \booktitle{The Third Man}); two immortal
photographers (Robert Capa and Andre Kertesz); and one
seminal writer (Arthur Koestler, \booktitle{Darkness at
Noon}).",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Jews; Hungary; Budapest; Biography; Jews, Hungarian;
United States; Exiles; History; 20th century; Exiles.;
Jews.; Jews, Hungarian.; Judenverfolgung.; Exil.;
Exil.; Juden.; Judenverfolgung.; USA; Juden; Ungarn",
tableofcontents = "Introduction: Magic in their pockets \\
Part one: Plenty \\
Part two: Harvest at twilight \\
Part three; Darkness \\
Part four: False Dawn \\
Epilogue \\
Notes \\
Selected bibliography \\
Acknowledgments \\
Index",
}
@Book{Neffe:2006:EBG,
author = "J{\"u}rgen Neffe",
title = "{Einstein: eine Biographie}. ({German}) [{Einstein}: a
Biography]",
volume = "61937",
publisher = "Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag",
address = "Reinbek bei Hamburg, Germany",
pages = "490 + 8",
year = "2006",
ISBN = "3-499-61937-7 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-3-499-61937-3 (paperback)",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Mon Aug 20 17:17:52 MDT 2007",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.gbv.de:20011/gvk",
price = "EUR 9.90, sfr 17.90",
series = "rororo",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
subject = "Einstein; Albert; Biographie",
}
@Article{Turchetti:2006:SNS,
author = "Simone Turchetti",
title = "``{For} Slow Neutrons, Slow Pay'': {Enrico Fermi}'s
Patent and the {U.S. Atomic Energy Program},
1938--1953",
journal = j-ISIS,
volume = "97",
number = "1",
pages = "1--27",
month = mar,
year = "2006",
CODEN = "ISISA4",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1086/501097",
ISSN = "0021-1753 (print), 1545-6994 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0021-1753",
bibdate = "Tue Jul 30 21:31:34 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublication?journalCode=isis;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/isis.2006.97.issue-1;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/isis2000.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/501097;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/10.1086/501097.pdf",
abstract = "This essay focuses on the history of one of the atomic
patents. The patent, which described a process to slow
down neutrons in nuclear reactions, was the result of
experimental research conducted in the 1930s by Enrico
Fermi and his group at the Institute of Physics,
University of Rome. The value of the patented process
became clear during World War II, as it was involved in
most of the military and industrial applications of
atomic energy. This ignited a controversy between Fermi
and U.S. government representatives over royalties to
be paid for use of the process during and after the
war. The controversy sheds new light on the role that
the management of patents played in the context of the
Manhattan Project and in the postwar U.S. nuclear
program, encompassing issues of power and economic
influence in the relationship between scientists, the
military, and public administrators.\par
The invention covered by Patent No. 2,206,634 covers
the basic process used in the research and development
leading up the production of atomic energy and the
production of the atomic bomb. Such invention is of
continuing importance in the production of fissionable
materials and atomic weapons.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Isis",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/page/journal/isis/about.html",
remark-1 = "From page 13: ``The Italian scientists also wanted to
inform the other inventors and Giannini [one of Fermi's
former students who became a businessman, and acted on
behalf of Fermi's patent applications] that the slow
neutron patent had proved --- indeed, dramatically
increased --- its commercial value. But any disclosure
of the reasons for this increased value (i.e., in
connection with MED [Manhattan Engineer District: code
name for the project]) would have led them to
contravene Los Alamos security regulations, if not
openly challenge the Espionage Act''.",
remark-2 = "From page 23: ``Fermi's patent had been an important
motive for his research from its onset to the design of
nuclear reactors and afterward. \ldots{} The history of
Fermi's patent also illuminates, in a very distinctive
way, how the relationship between scientists, the
military, and the U.S. government was shaped by
disputes about intellectual ownership. Because the slow
neutron patent was one of only two that received
compensation, it in fact provides an almost unique
opportunity for exploring how legal controversies
intersected with the development of atomic research in
wartime and postwar American science.",
remark-3 = "From page 25: ``The history of Fermi's patent adds a
new dimension to studies of political persecution in
the United States during the 1950s. It shows that some
of the scientists who were subjected to scrutiny during
the ``witch hunts'' also had ongoing legal and
financial issues with the U.S. government. One might
then ask whether there was a connection between
political repression and ongoing disputes of a
legal-financial nature.''",
remark-4 = "From page 26: ``Only one other set of patents (those
filed by Segr{\`e} and his Berkeley associates on
plutonium) were compensated by the PCB [Patent
Compensation Board]; all the other claims were
rejected. \ldots{} The agency could then license
corporations such as General Electric and Westinghouse
for the trade of nuclear radioisotopes and nuclear
reactors alike. This meant that costs for intellectual
property rights amounted to as little as 0.005 percent
of the total revenues derived from selling nuclear
products abroad, whereas prewar contracts had ensured
inventors no less than 5 percent of total revenues. On
the whole, the governmental monopoly system on atomic
patents had not diminished the contractual power of
corporations; indeed, it augmented it.''.",
remark-5 = "There are numerous mentions of Leo Szilard in this
paper, and references to \cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Article{Valdevit:2006:OFS,
author = "Giampaolo Valdevit",
title = "{Oppenheimer} fra scienza e potere. Una storia
americana. ({Italian}) [{Oppenheimer} between science
and power. {An} {American} story]",
journal = j-STUD-STOR,
volume = "47",
number = "1",
pages = "115--142",
month = jan # "\slash " # mar,
year = "2006",
ISSN = "0039-3037 (print), 2036-458X (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0039-3037",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:17 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/20567340",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Studi Storici",
language = "Italian",
remark = "Besides J. Robert Oppenheimer, the article has several
mentions of Niels Bohr, Albert Einstein, Enrico Fermi,
Isidor Isaac Rabi, and Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Wachhorst:2006:MRB,
author = "Wyn Wachhorst",
title = "Movie Review: {{\booktitle{Ten Days That Unexpectedly
Changed America}: Einstein's Letter}, Directed and
produced by Barak Goodman and John Maggio. History
Channel, 2006. 60 mins. (A\&E Home Video, P.O. Box
2284, South Burlington, VT 05407; 888-423-1212;
\path=http://www.store.aetv.com/=)}",
journal = j-J-AM-HIST,
volume = "93",
number = "3",
pages = "983--984",
year = "2006",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.2307/4486592",
ISSN = "0021-8723 (print), 1945-2314 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0021-8723",
bibdate = "Sat Mar 14 09:25:33 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://jah.oxfordjournals.org/content/93/3/983.short",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
eprint = "http://jah.oxfordjournals.org/content/93/3/983.full.pdf+html",
fjournal = "The Journal of American History",
journal-URL = "http://jah.oxfordjournals.org/",
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Franklin D. Roosevelt; Leo Szilard;
Lost Alamos",
}
@Article{Canaday:2007:LS,
author = "John Canaday",
title = "`{Leo Szilard}'",
journal = "Raritan --- a Quarterly Review",
volume = "27",
number = "1",
pages = "61--62",
month = "SUmmer",
year = "2007",
ISSN = "0275-1607",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Fiege:2007:ASS,
author = "Mark Fiege",
title = "The Atomic Scientists, the Sense of Wonder, and the
Bomb",
journal = j-ENVIRON-HIST,
volume = "12",
number = "3",
pages = "578--613",
month = jul,
year = "2007",
ISSN = "1084-5453 (print), 1930-8892 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1084-5453",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25473133",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Environmental History",
remark = "Brief mention of Leo Szilard and Albert Einstein, and
reference to \cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
}
@Book{Neffe:2007:EB,
author = "J{\"u}rgen Neffe",
title = "{Einstein}: a biography",
publisher = pub-FARRAR,
address = pub-FARRAR:adr,
pages = "x + 461 + 16",
year = "2007",
ISBN = "0-374-14664-0 (hardcover)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-374-14664-1 (hardcover)",
LCCN = "QC16.E5 N4413 2007",
bibdate = "Mon Aug 20 15:56:01 MDT 2007",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
melvyl.cdlib.org:210/CDL90",
note = "Translated by Shelley Frisch from the original German
edition {\em Einstein: eine Biographie} (ISBN
3-498-04685-3, 3-499-61937-7)
\cite{Neffe:2005:EBG,Neffe:2006:EBG}.",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0705/2006026136-b.",
abstract = "A rich portrait of the remarkable man behind the
legendary scientist that also describes and
contextualizes Einstein's enormous contributions to
science.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Also available in Czech (ISBN 80-7203-742-0), Dutch
(ISBN 90-259-5551-7), and Norwegian (ISBN
82-7694-193-1) translations.",
subject = "Einstein, Albert; Physicists; Biography",
subject-dates = "Albert Einstein (1879--1955)",
tableofcontents = "Translator's preface \\
Prologue: The immortal: Einstein's secret \\
His second birth: the fateful year 1919 \\
How Albert became Einstein: the psychological makeup of
a genius \\
``A new era!'': from industrialist's son to inventor
\\
Of dwarfs and giants: a brief history of science,
according to Einstein \\
The burden of inheritance: Einstein detectives in
action \\
``Elsa or Ilse'': the physicist and the women \\
The miraculous path to the miraculous year: Einstein's
angels \\
Squaring the light: why Einstein had to discover the
theory of relativity \\
Why is the sky blue?: Einstein --- a career \\
``Dear boys \ldots{} your Papa'': the drama of the
brilliant father \\
Anatomy of a discovery: how Einstein found the general
theory of relativity \\
Lambda lives: Einstein, ``Chief engineer of the
universe'' \\
Spacetime quakes: the theory of relativity put to the
test \\
His best foe: Einstein, Germany, and politics \\
``I am not a tiger'': Einstein, the human side \\
A Jew named Albert: his God was a principle \\
The end justifies the doubts: Einstein and quantum
theory \\
Of the magnitude of failure: the quest for the unified
theory \\
From Barbaria to Dollaria: Einstein's America \\
``People are a bad invention'': Einstein, the atomic
bomb, McCarthy, and the end",
}
@InCollection{Scully:2007:MDS,
author = "Robert J. Scully",
title = "{Maxwell's Demon} and {Szilard}'s One Atom Engine: A
heady mixture of entropy, information and
consciousness",
crossref = "Scully:2007:DQP",
chapter = "5",
pages = "65--74",
year = "2007",
bibdate = "Sat Aug 22 11:50:24 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Smith:2007:DMR,
author = "Peter D. (Peter Daniel) Smith",
title = "Doomsday men: the real {Dr. Strangelove} and the dream
of the superweapon",
publisher = pub-ST-MARTINS,
address = pub-ST-MARTINS:adr,
pages = "xxii + 552",
year = "2007",
ISBN = "0-312-37397-X",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-312-37397-9",
LCCN = "QC773.A1 S65 2007",
bibdate = "Mon Sep 26 14:56:06 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
jenson.stanford.edu:2210/unicorn",
abstract = "This is the untold story of the ultimate weapon of
mass destruction. In 1950, Hungarian-born scientist Leo
Szilard made a dramatic announcement on American radio:
science was on the verge of creating a doomsday bomb, a
huge cobalt-clad H-bomb that would pollute the
atmosphere with radioactivity and end all life on
earth. For the first time in history, mankind had
within his grasp a truly godlike power, the ability to
destroy life itself. The shockwave from this statement
reverberated across the following decade and beyond ---
for many people there was now little to distinguish
real scientists from that ``fictional master of
megadeath,'' Stanley Kubrick's Dr. Strangelove. Indeed,
as science historian Smith shows, the dream of the
superweapon to end all war begins in popular culture
--- iconic films and fictions, from H. G. Wells'
forward --- and the scientists responsible for these
terrible weapons grew up in a culture dreaming of
superweapons and Wellsian utopias.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Szilard, Leo; Fermi, Enrico; Atomic bomb; History;
Scientists; Moral and ethical aspects",
subject-dates = "1901--1954",
}
@InCollection{Anonymous:2008:SL,
author = "Anonymous",
booktitle = "Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography",
title = "{Szilard, Leo}",
publisher = "Encyclopedia.com",
address = "????",
year = "2008",
bibdate = "Wed Mar 06 16:59:36 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830906128.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
lastaccess = "06 March 2013",
}
@Article{Clemente:2008:DSS,
author = "Bill Clemente",
title = "The Dolphin Still Speaks: {Leo Szilard} and Science
Fiction",
journal = "Hungarian Journal of English and American Studies
(HJEAS)",
volume = "14",
number = "2",
pages = "373--387",
month = "????",
year = "2008",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "1218-7364",
ISSN-L = "1218-7364",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/41274436",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Malloy:2008:BRP,
author = "Sean L. Malloy",
title = "Book Review: {P. D. Smith: \booktitle{Doomsday Men:
The Real Dr. Strangelove and the Dream of the
Superweapon}}",
journal = j-ISIS,
volume = "99",
number = "4",
pages = "876--877",
month = dec,
year = "2008",
CODEN = "ISISA4",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1086/597738",
ISSN = "0021-1753 (print), 1545-6994 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0021-1753",
bibdate = "Tue Jul 30 21:20:03 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublication?journalCode=isis;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/597753;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/isis2000.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/597738;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/10.1086/597738.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Isis",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/page/journal/isis/about.html",
remark = "The book's author uses Dr. Strangelove for Leo
Szilard.",
}
@Article{Podvig:2008:LSL,
author = "P. Podvig",
title = "{Leo Szilard Lectureship Award} Talk: Nuclear
disarmament after the cold war",
journal = "APS April Meeting Abstracts",
pages = "6005--??",
month = apr,
year = "2008",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "American Physical Society, 2008 APS April Meeting and
HEDP/HEDLA Meeting, April 11--15, 2008, abstract
\#S6.005.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008APS..APR.S6005P",
abstract = "Now that the cold war is long over, our thinking of
nuclear weapons and the role that they play in
international security has undergone serious changes.
The emphasis has shifted from superpower confrontation
to nuclear proliferation, spread of weapon materials,
and to the dangers of countries developing nuclear
weapon capability under a cover of a civilian program.
At the same time, the old cold-war dangers, while
receded, have not disappeared completely. The United
States and Russia keep maintaining thousands of nuclear
weapons in their arsenals, some of them in very high
degree of readiness. This situation presents a serious
challenge that the international community has to deal
with. Although Russia and the United States are taking
some steps to reduce their nuclear arsenals, the
traditional arms control process has stalled -- the
last treaty that was signed in 2002 does not place
serious limits on strategic forces of either side. The
START Treaty, which provides a framework for
verification and transparency in reduction of nuclear
arsenals, will expire at the end of 2009. Little effort
has been undertaken to extend the treaty or renegotiate
it. Moreover, in recent years Russia has stepped up the
efforts to modernize its strategic nuclear forces. The
United States has resisted joining the Comprehensive
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and has been working on
controversial new nuclear weapon development programs.
The U.S. missile defense program makes the dialogue
between Russia and the United States even more
difficult. The reluctance of Russia and the United
States to engage in a discussion about drastic
reductions of their nuclear forces undermines the case
of nuclear nonproliferation and seriously complicated
their effort to contain the spread of nuclear weapon
technologies and expertise. One of the reasons for the
current lack of progress in nuclear disarmament is the
contradiction between the diminished role that nuclear
weapons play in security of nuclear weapon states and
the inertia of cold-war institutions that are involved
in their development and support. Dealing with this
contradiction would require development of new
mechanisms of cooperation between nuclear weapons
states and their strong commitment to the cause of
nuclear nonproliferation. One important area of
cooperation is development of a framework that would
prevent the spread of nuclear materials and technology
at the time when increasing number of countries is
turning toward expanded use of nuclear power to cover
their energy needs.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
adsnote = "Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System",
}
@Article{Altman:2009:THN,
author = "I. S. Al'tman and I. E. Agranovskii and M. Choi and V.
A. Zagainov",
title = "To the theory of homogeneous nucleation: The
nonisothermality of the {Szilard} model",
journal = j-RUSS-J-PHYS-CHEM-A,
volume = "83",
number = "1",
pages = "63--70",
month = jan,
year = "2009",
CODEN = "RJPCBS",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036024409010142",
ISSN = "0036-0244 (print), 1531-863X (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0036-0244",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A",
journal-URL = "http://www.springerlink.com/content/0036-0244",
}
@Book{Frank:2009:DEM,
author = "Tibor Frank",
title = "Double exile: migrations of {Jewish--Hungarian}
professionals through {Germany} to the {United States},
1919--1945",
volume = "7",
publisher = "Peter Lang",
address = "Oxford, UK",
pages = "501",
year = "2009",
ISBN = "3-03911-331-3",
ISBN-13 = "978-3-03911-331-6",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 16:30:16 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.bibsys.no:2100/BIBSYS",
series = "Exil-Studien: eine interdisziplin{\"a}re Buchreihe",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Bibliografi s.455-483.",
subject = "J{\o}der i Ungarn; J{\o}der; Historie; Ungarn;
Utvandring; Flyktninger; J{\o}der i Forente Stater;
Ungarere i Forente Stater; Forente Stater;
Innvandring",
}
@Article{Jeanloz:2009:LSL,
author = "R. Jeanloz",
title = "{Leo Szilard Lectureship Award} Talk: Science and
International Security",
journal = "APS April Meeting Abstracts",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "7001--??",
month = may,
year = "2009",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 15:48:17 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "American Physical Society, 2009 APS April Meeting, May
2-5, 2009, abstract \#R7.001.",
URL = "http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009APS..APR.R7001J",
abstract = "The proliferation of nuclear-weapons technology is one
of the gravest dangers facing the world, with
potentially devastating consequences if it is not
contained. The scientific community has a special role
to play in confronting this threat, not only because
many of the issues involved are highly technical, and
science offers important tools such as hypothesis
testing, but also because open communication lies at
the heart of scientific research. International dialogs
among scientists can thus be uniquely powerful in
confronting problems of global concern, especially when
political constraints hinder communication between
nations. Many view the scientific community as at least
partly responsible for major threats confronting the
world, but we also have the opportunity to reduce those
dangers through the same processes that lead to
discovery and advancement of knowledge.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Lanouette:2009:CCN,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Civilian Control of Nuclear Weapons",
journal = j-ARMS-CONTROL-TODAY,
volume = "39",
number = "4",
pages = "45--48",
month = may,
year = "2009",
ISSN = "0196-125X (print), 1943-5754 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0196-125X",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 14:28:21 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "An article about the proposal to shift nuclear weapons
work from the Energy to the Defense Department, and the
efforts that Szilard led in the 1940s to establish
``civilian control'' of nuclear weapons and research",
URL = "http://www.armscontrol.org/act/2009_5/Lanouette",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
fjournal = "Arms Control Today",
journal-URL = "http://www.armscontrol.org/act/",
}
@Article{Zetterberg:2009:SHN,
author = "Henrik Zetterberg and Magnus Bath and Madeleine
Zetterberg and Peter Bernhardt and Ola Hammarsten",
title = "The {Szilard} Hypothesis on the Nature of Aging
Revisited",
journal = j-GEN,
volume = "182",
number = "1",
pages = "3--9",
month = may,
year = "2009",
CODEN = "GENTAE",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.109.103341",
ISSN = "0016-6731 (print), 1943-2631 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0016-6731",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Genetics",
journal-URL = "http://www.genetics.org/content/by/year",
}
@Article{Chodos:2010:MPH,
author = "Alan Chodos",
title = "This Month in Physics History: {November 11, 1930}:
Patent granted for {Einstein--Szilard} Refrigerator",
journal = "{APS} News",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
month = nov,
year = "2010",
bibdate = "Tue Feb 24 18:45:43 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201011/physicshistory.cfm;
http://www.aps.org/publications/capitolhillquarterly/201012/physicshistory.cfm",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Jones:2010:THR,
author = "Derry W. Jones",
title = "Titanic {Hungarian} refugee physicists",
journal = j-CONTEMP-PHYS,
volume = "51",
number = "3",
pages = "267--271",
month = may # "\slash " # jun,
year = "2010",
CODEN = "CTPHAF",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1080/00107510903298263",
ISSN = "0010-7514 (print), 1366-5812 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0010-7514",
bibdate = "Thu Feb 18 20:08:24 MST 2016",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/contempphys.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Contemporary Physics",
journal-URL = "http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tcph20",
remark-1 = "From page 269: ``Szilard s ancestors had Hebrew given
names and acquired the surname Spitz when living in
present-day Slovakia. His non-practising father, a
Budapest graduate and successful railway constructor,
changed the family surname in 1900 to Szilard (meaning
`solid') to aid assimilation.''",
remark-2 = "From page 269: ``For his 1936 Ph.D., two-Nobels [John]
Bardeen had both von Neumann and Wigner as advisors.
Naturalised in 1937, Wigner joined the Manhattan
Project in 1942 and has been described as the first
nuclear engineer.''",
remark-3 = "From page 270: ``Although Wigner was briefly Director
of what became Oak Ridge NL, 1946--1947, helping to
design nuclear power plants, he was glad to return to
Princeton which he had first visited from Berlin in
1930.''",
remark-4 = "From page 261: ``Hargittai has assembled parallel
accounts of successive stages --- Hungary, Germany, US
arrival, World War II, Cold War deterrence --- in the
lives of these five extraordinary physicists (none of
whom began his higher education in that discipline),
plus short en passant biographies of Fermi, Oppenheimer
and Polanyi.''",
}
@Article{Marathe:2010:CCPa,
author = "Rahul Marathe and J. M. R. Parrondo",
title = "Cooling classical particles with a microcanonical
{Szilard} engine",
journal = j-PHYS-REV-LET,
volume = "104",
number = "24",
pages = "245704--245704",
day = "18",
month = jun,
year = "2010",
CODEN = "PRLTAO",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.245704",
ISSN = "1079-7114",
ISSN-L = "0031-9007",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review Letters",
journal-URL = "http://prl.aps.org/browse",
}
@Article{Pallo:2010:BRB,
author = "G{\'a}bor Pall{\'o}",
title = "Book Review: {{\booktitle{Double exile. Migration of
Jewish--Hungarian professionals through Germany to the
United States, 1919--1945}} by Tibor Frank}",
journal = j-STUD-EAST-EUROPEAN-THOUGHT,
volume = "62",
number = "2",
pages = "241--243",
month = jun,
year = "2010",
CODEN = "SEETE3",
ISSN = "0925-9392 (print), 1573-0948 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0925-9392",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:37:15 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
JSTOR database",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/40927720",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Studies in East European Thought",
}
@Article{Anonymous:2011:MPH,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "This Month in Physics History: {December 2, 1942}:
First self-sustained nuclear chain reaction",
journal = "APS Physics",
volume = "20",
number = "11",
pages = "??--??",
month = dec,
year = "2011",
bibdate = "Sat May 16 17:15:47 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201112/physicshistory.cfm",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Enrico Fermi; Leo Szilard",
}
@PhdThesis{Chan:2011:MAB,
author = "Keng Wai Chan",
title = "Measurement and analysis of bubble pump and
{Einstein--Szilard} single pressure absorption
refrigeration system",
type = "Thesis ({D.Phil.})",
school = "Mathematical, Physical \& Life Sciences Division,
Oxford University",
address = "Oxford, UK",
pages = "ix + 237",
year = "2011",
bibdate = "Wed Feb 25 09:23:19 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/ora:5962;
http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f10706c5-6952-4c50-9aef-065f1627a19b;
http://search.proquest.com/docview/1414910237",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
advisor = "Malcolm McCulloch",
remark = "The abstract begins: ``The eighty-year-old single
pressure absorption refrigeration system invented by
Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard is attractive as a
greener form of refrigeration as it has no mechanical
moving parts and can be driven by heat alone. \ldots{}
The Einstein refrigeration system has only been rebuilt
once since its invention.''",
}
@Article{Hemmo:2011:SPM,
author = "Meir Hemmo and Orly Shenker",
title = "{Szilard}'s {{\em Perpetuum Mobile}}",
journal = j-PHILOS-SCI,
volume = "78",
number = "2",
pages = "264--283",
month = apr,
year = "2011",
CODEN = "PHSCA6",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1086/659231",
ISSN = "0031-8248 (print), 1539-767X (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0031-8248",
bibdate = "Sat Mar 1 08:09:02 MST 2014",
bibsource = "http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublication?journalCode=philscie;
http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/659319;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/philossci2010.bib",
URL = "http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/659231",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Philosophy of Science",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00318248.html",
}
@Article{Jenkin:2011:AEM,
author = "John G. Jenkin",
title = "Atomic Energy is ``Moonshine'': What did {Rutherford}
Really Mean?",
journal = j-PHYS-PERSPECT,
volume = "13",
number = "2",
pages = "128--145",
month = jun,
year = "2011",
CODEN = "PHPEF2",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00016-010-0038-1",
ISSN = "1422-6944 (print), 1422-6960 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1422-6944",
bibdate = "Thu Jun 27 20:50:43 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://springerlink.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=issue&issn=1422-6944&volume=13&issue=2;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/physperspect.bib",
URL = "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00016-010-0038-1",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physics in Perspective (PIP)",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/16",
keywords = "atomic energy; Ernest Rutherford; Frederick Soddy;
Great War; Henry G. J. Moseley; history of physics;
James Chadwick; Leo Szilard; Mark Oliphant; Maurice
Hankey; McGill University; nuclear physics;
radioactivity; social responsibility of scientists;
University of Cambridge; University of Manchester",
remark-1 = "From page 130: quoting Rutherford in entry
\cite{Rutherford:1903:LRP}: ``each gram of radium gives
out $10^9$ gram-calories during its life, which is
sufficient to raise 500 tons a mile high''.",
remark-2 = "From page 136: ``English physicists ridiculed the idea
[of atomic power], and when Szilard broached the
subject in Cambridge, `I was thrown out of Rutherford s
office.' As a result, Szilard sought a patent, which
set out the laws governing such a chain reaction, and
assigned it to the British Admiralty to prevent it
becoming public.''",
}
@Article{Kim:2011:ITF,
author = "Kang-Hwan Kim and Sang Wook Kim",
title = "Information from time-forward and time-backward
processes in {Szilard} engines",
journal = j-PHYS-REV-E,
volume = "84",
number = "1 (part 1)",
pages = "012101",
day = "8",
month = jul,
year = "2011",
CODEN = "PLEEE8",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.84.012101",
ISSN = "1539-3755 (print), 1550-2376 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1539-3755",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review E (Statistical physics, plasmas,
fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics)",
journal-URL = "http://pre.aps.org/browse",
}
@Article{Kim:2011:QSE,
author = "Sang Wook Kim and Takahiro Sagawa and Simone {De
Liberato} and Masahito Ueda",
title = "Quantum {Szilard} Engine",
journal = j-PHYS-REV-LET,
volume = "106",
number = "7",
pages = "070401",
month = "????",
year = "2011",
CODEN = "PRLTAO",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.070401",
ISSN = "0031-9007 (print), 1079-7114 (electronic), 1092-0145",
ISSN-L = "0031-9007",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review Letters",
journal-URL = "http://prl.aps.org/browse",
onlinedate = "2011-FEB-14",
}
@InProceedings{Lanouette:2011:NMH,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "A Narrow Margin of Hope: {Leo Szilard} in the Founding
Days of {CARA}",
crossref = "Marks:2011:DLP",
chapter = "2",
pages = "??--??",
year = "2011",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 13:19:35 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
keywords = "Council for Assisting Refugee Academics (CARA)",
}
@Article{Neffe:2011:AEA,
author = "J{\"u}rgen Neffe",
title = "{Albert Einstein} and the Atomic Bomb",
journal = "History Reader",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "6",
month = aug,
year = "2011",
bibdate = "Sat May 16 15:55:29 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://www.thehistoryreader.com/modern-history/albert-einstein-atomic-bomb/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Leo Szilard",
remark = "Excerpted from \cite{Neffe:2007:EB}.",
}
@Article{Vaikuntanathan:2011:MMDa,
author = "Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan and Christopher
Jarzynski",
title = "Modeling {Maxwell}'s demon with a microcanonical
{Szilard} engine",
journal = j-PHYS-REV-E,
volume = "83",
number = "6 (part 1)",
pages = "061120",
day = "15",
month = jun,
year = "2011",
CODEN = "PLEEE8",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.83.061120",
ISSN = "1539-3755 (print), 1550-2376 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1539-3755",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review E (Statistical physics, plasmas,
fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics)",
journal-URL = "http://pre.aps.org/browse",
}
@Book{Amaldi:2012:ALF,
editor = "Edoardo Amaldi and S. (Saverio) Braccini and Antonio
Ereditato and Paola Scampoli",
title = "The adventurous life of {Friedrich Georg Houtermans},
physicist (1903--1966)",
publisher = pub-SV,
address = pub-SV:adr,
pages = "xiv + 152",
year = "2012",
ISBN = "3-642-32854-7 (paperback), 3-642-32855-5 (e-book)",
ISBN-13 = "978-3-642-32854-1 (paperback), 978-3-642-32855-8
(eBook)",
ISSN = "2191-5423",
LCCN = "Q124.6-127.2; QC16.H688 A43 2012",
bibdate = "Sat Feb 27 09:37:07 MST 2016",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
series = "Springerbriefs in Physics",
URL = "http://www.sif.it/attivita/saggiatore/recensioni/e_amaldi",
abstract = "The physicist Friedrich Houtermans (1903--1966) was an
essential promoter and proponent of the development of
physics in Berne. He introduced a number of activities
in the field of elementary particles, with a special
focus on the physics of cosmic rays, and important
contributions in applied physics. This biography of
Houtermans was written by Edoardo Amaldi and was almost
finished just before his unexpected death in 1989. The
editors have only corrected typographical errors and
have introduced only minimal text changes in order to
preserve the original content. Additionally they have
collected and included unpublished pictures and
memories from Houtermans' students and collaborators.
The text is the result of a thorough and intensive
study on Houtermans' life and character carried out by
Edoardo Amaldi. It is more than a biography, since the
figure of Houtermans is set in a historical perspective
of Europe between the two world wars. This book will be
of great interest to historians and historians of
science.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "From the book's Web site: ``As one example, Otto
Frisch [2] describes him as ``\ldots{} full of
brilliant ideas, with a profound understanding of
quantum theory, \ldots{}'' adding the hilarious comment
``\ldots{} very proud of his mother's Jewish origin FH
was liable to counter anti-Semitic remarks by
retorting: `when your ancestors were still living in
the trees mine were already forging cheques'\ldots{}''.
Frisch further mentions FH as being at the origin of
calling `the Martians' the unusually brilliant
scientists all issued from Budapest in the 1920's
including such giants as Wigner, Teller, Szilard and
von Neumann.''",
subject = "Houtermans, F. G. (Friedrich Georg); Physicists;
Biography",
subject-dates = "1903--1966",
tableofcontents = "1 Friedrich's Birth and Family Background / 1 \\
References / 3 \\
2 His Youth in Vienna / 5 \\
References / 9 \\
3 Student in Gottingen / 11 \\
References / 15 \\
4 Assistant in Berlin / 17 \\
References / 21 \\
5 Fritz's First Marriage / 23 \\
References / 25 \\
6 Life in Berlin / 27 \\
References / 29 \\
7 Emigration to U.K. and U.R.R.S / 31 \\
References / 35 \\
8 Professor in Kharkov / 37 \\
References / 41 \\
9 The Beginning of the Great Trials / 43 \\
References / 48 \\
10 The Years of Prison / 49 \\
References / 57 \\
11 An Overview of the Situation in Central Europe / 59
\\
References / 61 \\
12 More About Fritz and Konstantin / 63 \\
References / 66 \\
13 A Few Other Physicists' Political Troubles / 67 \\
References / 72 \\
14 Finally Out of Prison! / 73 \\
References / 76 \\
15 Shaken by World-Wide Storms. Fritz's Second Family /
79 \\
References / 81 \\
16 An Outline of the Early Development of Applied / 83
\\
Nuclear Energy in Germany / 91 \\
References / 95 \\
17 From Berlin to Ronneburg / 97 \\
References / 99 \\
18 In G{\"o}ttingen Again / 102 \\
References / 105 \\
19 Houtermans' Third Family / 107 \\
References / 109 \\
20 Fritz's Fourth Family: His Departure / 110 \\
Reference / 111 \\
21 Houtermans' Scientific Work and Influence in Berne /
125 \\
References 22 \\
Why We Remember Him / 127 \\
References / 130 \\
List of Publications by F.G. Houtermans (Compiled by
his Collaborators of the University of Berne) / 131 \\
Memories of the Berne Times / 141 \\
A Scientific Work of the Kharkiv Times / 147 \\
Edoardo Amaldi: A Brief Biography / 151",
}
@Article{Anonymous:2012:HAT,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "{Harold Agnew} talk delights audience",
journal = "{Los Alamos National Laboratory News Center}",
day = "11",
month = may,
year = "2012",
bibdate = "Mon Jun 18 15:52:57 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "From the article: ``Agnew, 92, fondly recounted his
long association with Enrico Fermi, starting with his
work on the team that created the first controlled
nuclear reaction in a graphite pile at the University
of Chicago. He remembers Fermi as, ``a wonderful
person, but just a regular guy,'' who, in a very
low-key manner, advanced key research in the
development of the first atomic weapons and many other
breakthrough scientific innovations.\par
He also told a story of Leo Szilard's quirky
behavior.\par
``At Chicago, Fermi used to give weekly lectures on
Thursday evenings. Outside the lecture hall there was a
sign up sheet, on a yellow legal pad. Szilard, who I
think wasn't sure we were going to win the war, refused
to put his name on the sign up sheet, so Fermi had him
listen to the lectures from the hallway, through an
open door.''",
URL = "http://www.lanl.gov/news/stories/agnew-colloquium.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Bailyn:2012:BRB,
author = "Lotte Bailyn and Bernard Bailyn",
title = "Book Review: {{\booktitle{In Defence of Learning: The
Plight, Persecution, and Placement of Academic
Refugees, 1933--1980s}}, edited by Shula Marks, Paul
Weindling, and Laura Wintour}",
journal = j-J-INTERDISCIP-HIST,
volume = "43",
number = "2",
pages = "301--302",
month = "Autumn",
year = "2012",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "0022-1953 (print), 1530-9169 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0022-1953",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 13:09:44 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "See \cite{Marks:2011:DLP}.",
URL = "http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_interdisciplinary_history/v043/43.2.bailyn.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Journal of Interdisciplinary History",
journal-URL = "http://www.jstor.org/journals/00221953.html;
http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/jih/",
remark = "From page 301: ``The core of the book is the evolving
history of the Council for Assisting Refugee Academics
(CARA) founded by William Beveridge in 1933 at the
urging of Leo Szilard, a peripatetic physicist, to
rescue the academic victims of Nazism in Germany.''",
}
@Article{Bier:2012:SML,
author = "Martin Bier and Francisco J. Cao",
title = "{Szilard}-Machine-Like Features in a Processive Motor
Protein",
journal = j-ACTA-PHYS-POL-B,
volume = "43",
number = "5",
pages = "889--908",
month = "????",
year = "2012",
CODEN = "APOBBB",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.5506/APhysPolB.43.889",
ISSN = "0587-4254 (print), 1509-5770 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0587-4254",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
classification = "Zakopane, Poland",
conference-date = "Sep 17--22, 2011",
conference-name = "24th Marian Smoluchowski Symposium on Statistical
Physics",
fjournal = "Acta Physica Polonica B",
journal-URL = "http://www.actaphys.uj.edu.pl/pl/acta_physica_polonica_b",
onlinedate = "MAY-2012",
report-number = "Cao, Francisco/B-7794-2008",
sponsor = "Jagiellonian Univ, Marian Smoluchowski Inst Phys;
European Sci Fdn; Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem; Univ
Silesia, A Chelkowski Inst Phys; Silesian Univ Technol,
Fac Chem; Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys; Jagiellonian
Univ, Mark Kac Complex Syst Res Ctr",
}
@Article{Cai:2012:MQSa,
author = "C. Y. Cai and H. Dong and C. P. Sun",
title = "Multiparticle quantum {Szilard} engine with optimal
cycles assisted by a {Maxwell}'s demon",
journal = j-PHYS-REV-E,
volume = "85",
number = "3 (part 1)",
pages = "031114",
day = "14",
month = mar,
year = "2012",
CODEN = "PLEEE8",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.85.031114",
ISSN = "1539-3755 (print), 1550-2376 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1539-3755",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review E (Statistical physics, plasmas,
fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics)",
journal-URL = "http://pre.aps.org/browse",
}
@Article{Guston:2012:PTM,
author = "David H. Guston",
title = "The Pumpkin or the Tiger? {Michael Polanyi},
{Frederick Soddy}, and Anticipating Emerging
Technologies",
journal = j-MINERVA-WASHINGTON,
volume = "50",
number = "3",
pages = "363--379",
month = sep,
year = "2012",
CODEN = "MINEFY",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11024-012-9204-8",
ISSN = "0026-4695 (print), 1573-1871 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0026-4695",
bibdate = "Thu Jul 21 10:04:15 MDT 2016",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/minerva.bib",
URL = "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11024-012-9204-8.pdf",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Minerva [{Washington, DC}]",
journal-URL = "http://link.springer.com/journal/11024",
keywords = "Frederick Soddy; Leo Szilard; Michael Polanyi",
}
@Article{Kim:2012:SIH,
author = "Kang-Hwan Kim and Sang Wook Kim",
title = "{Szilard}'s information heat engines in the deep
quantum regime",
journal = j-J-KOREAN-PHYS-SOC,
volume = "61",
number = "8",
pages = "1187--1193",
month = oct,
year = "2012",
CODEN = "JKPSDV",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.61.1187",
ISSN = "0374-4884 (print), 1976-8524 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0374-4884",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
ajournal = "J. Korean Phys. Soc.",
fjournal = "Journal of the {Korean Physical Society}",
journal-URL = "http://www.springerlink.com/content/0374-4884/",
}
@Article{Kish:2012:EMD,
author = "Laszlo Bela Kish and Claes-Goran Granqvist",
title = "Electrical {Maxwell} Demon and {Szilard} Engine
Utilizing {Johnson} Noise, Measurement, Logic and
Control",
journal = j-PLOS-ONE,
volume = "7",
number = "10",
pages = "e46800",
day = "15",
month = oct,
year = "2012",
CODEN = "POLNCL",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046800",
ISSN = "1932-6203",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "PLoS One",
journal-URL = "http://www.plosone.org/",
}
@Article{Kish:2012:ERC,
author = "L. B. Kish and C. G. Granqvist",
title = "Energy requirement of control: Comments on {Szilard}'s
engine and {Maxwell}'s demon",
journal = j-EUROPHYS-LETT,
volume = "98",
number = "6",
pages = "68001",
month = jun,
year = "2012",
CODEN = "EULEEJ",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/98/68001",
ISSN = "0295-5075 (print), 1286-4854 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0295-5075",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Europhysics Letters",
journal-URL = "http://iopscience.iop.org/0295-5075",
}
@Article{Li:2012:RQS,
author = "Hai Li and Jian Zou and Jun-Gang Li and Bin Shao and
Lian-Ao Wu",
title = "Revisiting the quantum {Szilard} engine with fully
quantum considerations",
journal = j-ANN-PHYS,
volume = "327",
number = "12",
pages = "2955--2971",
month = dec,
year = "2012",
CODEN = "APNYA6",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aop.2012.08.008",
ISSN = "0003-4916 (print), 1096-035x (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0003-4916",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Annals of Physics",
journal-URL = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00034916",
}
@Article{Lu:2012:PEPa,
author = "Yao Lu and Gui Lu Long",
title = "Parity effect and phase transitions in quantum
{Szilard} engines",
journal = j-PHYS-REV-E,
volume = "85",
number = "1 (part 1)",
pages = "011125",
month = "????",
year = "2012",
CODEN = "PLEEE8",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.85.011125",
ISSN = "1539-3755 (print), 1550-2376 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "1539-3755",
bibdate = "Wed Jun 5 10:55:56 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Physical Review E (Statistical physics, plasmas,
fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics)",
journal-URL = "http://pre.aps.org/browse",
onlinedate = "2012-JAN-17",
}
@InCollection{Schils:2012:AE,
author = "Ren{\'e} Schils",
title = "{Albert Einstein}",
crossref = "Schils:2012:HJW",
pages = "123--129",
year = "2012",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0860-4_20",
bibdate = "Sat Feb 09 09:39:51 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4614-0860-4_20",
abstract = "Albert Einstein was not only a world famous physicist,
but also a practical inventor. Together with Leo
Szilard, he designed three alternative refrigerators.
The ideas were ingenious, but none ever found their way
into the kitchen.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Bourgeois:2013:GSI,
author = "Suzanne Bourgeois",
title = "Genesis of the {Salk Institute}: the epic of its
founders",
publisher = pub-U-CALIFORNIA-PRESS,
address = pub-U-CALIFORNIA-PRESS:adr,
pages = "xxxiv + 230",
year = "2013",
ISBN = "0-520-27607-8 (hardcover)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-520-27607-9 (hardcover)",
LCCN = "QH322.S25 B68 2013",
bibdate = "Wed Feb 25 09:12:45 MST 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1931--",
subject = "Biology; Research; California; San Diego; Research
institutes",
tableofcontents = "Prologue: the greatest generation \\
Before and after ann arbor \\
Doctor Polio meets Doctor Atomic \\
Enter Leo Szilard \\
Atoms in biology \\
What was it about La Jolla? \\
The Pasteur connection \\
The spirit of Paris \\
Our dear Kahn Building \\
Pioneering \\
The McCloy boys \\
Biology in human affairs \\
A Napoleon from Byzantium \\
Epilogue : fifty years later",
}
@InCollection{Brillouin:2013:SPW,
author = "L{\'e}on Brillouin",
title = "{Szilard}'s Problem: The Well-Informed Heat Engine",
crossref = "Brillouin:2013:SIT",
pages = "????",
year = "2013",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:10:03 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Farmelo:2013:SFSa,
author = "Graham Farmelo",
title = "{September 1933 to February 1935 Szil{\'a}rd's nuclear
epiphany}",
crossref = "Farmelo:2013:CBHa",
pages = "??--??",
year = "2013",
bibdate = "Fri Oct 31 06:41:38 2014",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Farmelo:2013:SFSb,
author = "Graham Farmelo",
title = "{September 1933 to February 1935 Szil{\'a}rd's nuclear
epiphany}",
crossref = "Farmelo:2013:CBHb",
pages = "??--??",
year = "2013",
bibdate = "Fri Oct 31 06:41:38 2014",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@InCollection{Fernandez:2013:LS,
author = "Bernard Fernandez and Georges Ripka",
title = "{Leo Szilard}",
crossref = "Fernandez:2013:UMA",
pages = "371--371",
year = "2013",
bibdate = "Mon Apr 30 07:15:04 2018",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Hawkes:2013:BEM,
editor = "Peter W. Hawkes",
title = "The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy",
volume = "16",
publisher = pub-ACADEMIC,
address = pub-ACADEMIC:adr,
pages = "xix + 633",
year = "2013",
ISBN = "0-12-014578-2, 1-4832-8465-4 (e-book)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-12-014578-2, 978-1-4832-8465-1 (e-book)",
LCCN = "QH212.E4",
bibdate = "Fri May 22 08:25:33 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
series = "Advances in electronics and electron physics.
Supplement",
abstract = "The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy presents the
technical development of electron microscope. This book
examines the mechanical as well as the technical
problems arising from the physical properties of the
electron. Organized into 19 chapters, this book begins
with an overview of the history of scanning electron
microscopy and electron beam microanalysis. This text
then explains the applications and capabilities of
electron microscopes during the war. Other chapters
consider the classical techniques of light microscopy.
This book presents as well the schematic outline of the
preparation \ldots{}",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Leo Szilard is mentioned only on page 506 of this
book, in Marton's chapter.",
subject = "Electron microscopy; History; Science / General",
tableofcontents = "Front Cover \\
The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy \\
Copyright Page \\
Table of Contents \\
Contributors to Supplement 16 \\
Foreword \\
Preface \\
1. On the History of Scanning Electron Microscopy, of
the Electron Microprobe, and of Early Contributions to
Transmission Electron Microscopy \\
I. Scanning Electron Microscopy, Electron Microprobe
\\
II. Early Contributions to Transmission Electron
Microscopy \\
III. Conclusion \\
References \\
2. Random Recollections of the Early Days \\
I. How I Came into the Subject \\
II. These I Met along the Way \\
III. Aid from America \\
IV. Final Word \\
References \\
3. Early History of Electron Microscopy in
Czechoslovakia \\
I. Introduction \\
II. Construction of the First Electron Microscope in
Czechoslovakia \\
III. Desk Transmission Electron Microscope Bs 242 \\
IV. Production of Electron Microscopes in
Czechoslovakia \\
V. Conclusion \\
Appendix A: Bibliography of Related Publications \\
Appendix B: Publications from the Institute of
Scientific Instruments of the Czechoslovak Academy of
Science in Brno (in Czech) \\
References \\
4. Personal Reminiscences of Early Days in Electron
Microscopy \\
I. Preamble \\
II. Beginnings in Britain \\
III. The Microscope at the Shirley Institute \\
IV. Inconveniences of Early Electron Microscopes \\
V. Group Contacts in Britain during the War \\
VI. Immediate Postwar Conferences in Europe \\
VII. Specimen Preparation and ``The Practice of
Electron Microscopy'' \\
VIII. Grids \\
IX. A Problem with Photographic Plates \\
X. Capabilities and Use of Electron Microscopes during
the War \\
XI. Shadow casting \\
XII. Section Cutting \\
XIII. Replicas and Metallurgy \\
XIV. Optics of the Electron Microscope \\
XV. Later Instrumental Developments \\
XVI. Conclusion \\
References \\
5. Megavolt Electron Microscopy \\
I. Introduction \\
II. Early Developments in Electron Microscopy \\
III. How I Came to Electron Microscopy \\
IV. Megavolt Electron Microscopy \\
V. Applications of Hvem \\
VI. Resolution and Contrast in Megavolt Electron
Microscopy \\
VII. Future Prospects \\
References \\
6. Cryo-Electron Microscopy and Ultramicrotomy:
Reminiscences and Reflections \\
I. Introduction \\
II. The Nobel Institute for Physics \\
III. The Diamond Knife \\
IV. The Venezuelan Institute for Neurology and Brain
Research \\
V. Low-Temperature Electron Microscopy and
Ultramicrotomy \\
VI. Cryo-Electron Microscopy \\
VII. Reflections and Outlook \\
References \\
7. The French Electrostatic Electron Microscope
(1941--1952) \\
I. Introduction \\
II. Electron Optics in Occupied France \\
III. The Liberation of the North of France and the
Transition to Peace \\
References \\
8. Recollections from the Early Years: Canada--USA \\
I. Introduction \\
II. Initial Work: University of Toronto (1935--1936)
\\
III. Kodak Research Laboratories, Rochester, New York
(1937--1941) \\
IV. Massachusetts Institute of Technology \\
V. Transition from the Early Years \\
References",
}
@Book{Lanouette:2013:GSB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Genius in the Shadows: A Biography of {Leo Szilard},
the Man Behind the Bomb",
publisher = "Skyhorse Publishing",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "????",
year = "2013",
ISBN = "1-62636-023-5",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-62636-023-5 (paperback)",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Aug 28 17:53:12 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "With Bela Silard.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Feiveson:2014:UBF,
author = "Harold A. Feiveson and Alexander Glaser and Zia Mian
and Frank N. von Hippel",
title = "Unmaking the bomb: a fissile material approach to
nuclear disarmament and nonproliferation",
publisher = pub-MIT,
address = pub-MIT:adr,
pages = "x + 4 + 277",
year = "2014",
ISBN = "0-262-02774-7 (hardcover), 0-262-31918-7 (e-book)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-262-02774-8 (hardcover), 978-0-262-31918-8
(e-book)",
LCCN = "JZ5675 .F45 2014",
bibdate = "Sat Mar 14 10:51:34 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Nuclear nonproliferation; Nuclear disarmament; Nuclear
fuels; Management; Security measures; Political
Science; Government; International Relations; Nuclear
nonproliferation; Political Science / Security
(National and International); Polemologie;
Kernenergie",
tableofcontents = "1. Introduction / 1 \\
I. How the Nuclear World Emerged / 19 \\
2. Production, uses and stocks of nuclear-weapon
materials / 21 \\
3. The history of fissile-material production for
weapons / 43 \\
4. The global stockpile of fissile material / 69 \\
II. Breaking the Nuclear Energy--Weapons Link / 85 \\
5. Fissile materials, nuclear power, and nuclear
proliferation / 87 \\
6. Ending the separation of plutonium / 107 \\
7. Ending the use of HEU as a reactor fuel / 125 \\
III. Eliminating Fissile Materials / 141 \\
8. Ending production of fissile materials for weapons /
143 \\
9. Disposal of fissile materials / 159 \\
10. Conclusion: meeting the fissile material challenge
/ 173 \\
Appendix 1: Enrichment Plants / 185 \\
Appendix 2: Reprocessing Plants / 187 \\
Notes / 189 \\
Glossary / 233 \\
Bibliography / 243 \\
Index / 263",
}
@Article{Lanouette:2014:MWL,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The Many Worlds of {Leo Szilard}: Physicist,
Biologist, and Peacemaker",
journal = "History of Physics Newsletter",
volume = "12",
number = "5",
pages = "4--5",
month = "Fall",
year = "2014",
CODEN = "????",
ISSN = "????",
ISSN-L = "????",
bibdate = "Tue Feb 24 18:28:53 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.aps.org/units/fhp/newsletters/fall2014/index.cfm",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
journal-URL = "http://www.aps.org/units/fhp/newsletters/",
}
@Article{Robbins:2014:RGP,
author = "Gary Robbins",
title = "Revisiting the greatness of physicist {Leo Szilard}:
{UCSD} talk set on nuclear pioneer, {Salk} visionary",
journal = "U-T San Diego",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "3",
month = mar,
year = "2014",
ISSN = "1063-102X",
ISSN-L = "1063-102X",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 17:53:25 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/mar/03/tp-revisiting-the-greatness-of-physicist-leo/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Robbins:2014:UDS,
author = "Gary Robbins",
title = "{UCSD} to digitize {Szilard} papers",
journal = "U-T San Diego",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "5",
month = feb,
year = "2014",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 17:53:25 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/feb/05/nuclear-physics-szilard/",
abstract = "UC San Diego's Geisel Library has received a grant of
nearly \$100,000 to digitize the papers and materials
of Leo Szilard, the late physicist whose work on
nuclear chain reactions helped lead to the Manhattan
Project, the program that produced the country's first
atomic bombs.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Article{Robbins:2014:URF,
author = "Gary Robbins",
title = "{UCSD} remembers father of {A}-bomb",
journal = "U-T San Diego",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "25",
month = feb,
year = "2014",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 17:53:25 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/feb/25/history-physics-ucsd/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Article{Robbins:2014:URG,
author = "Gary Robbins",
title = "{UCSD} receives grant for physicist's papers",
journal = "U-T San Diego",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "7",
month = feb,
year = "2014",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 17:53:25 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2014/feb/05/nuclear-physics-szilard/",
abstract = "UC San Diego's Geisel Library has received a grant of
nearly \$100,000 to digitize the papers and materials
of Leo Szilard, the late physicist whose work on
nuclear chain reactions helped lead to the Manhattan
Project, the program that produced the country's first
atomic bombs.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
}
@Misc{Dannen:2015:PLL,
author = "Gene Dannen",
title = "A Physicist's Lost Love: {Leo Szilard} and {Gerda
Philipsborn}",
howpublished = "Web site.",
pages = "27",
year = "2015",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 07:43:21 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.dannen.com/lostlove/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Contains 122 references and several photographs.",
}
@Article{Demortier:2015:QEQ,
author = "Guy Demortier",
title = "Qui est qui dans \flqq The letter to {Roosevelt} \frqq
?. ({French}) [{Who} is who in ``The letter to
{Roosevelt}''?]",
journal = j-REV-QUEST-SCI,
volume = "186",
number = "1",
pages = "125--152",
month = "????",
year = "2015",
CODEN = "RQSCAN",
ISSN = "0035-2160",
bibdate = "Thu Mar 10 08:13:30 2016",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "https://www.unamur.be/sciences/philosoc/revueqs/textes-en-ligne/rqs_186_1_demortier",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Revue des Questions Scientifiques",
journal-URL = "http://www.unamur.be/sciences/philosoc/revueqs",
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Leo Szilard; Enrico Fermi; Eugene
Wigner; Hans Bethe; Robert Oppenheimer; Edward Teller;
Niels Bohr; Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Joliot; Werner Heisenberg;
Otto Hahn; Lise Meitner; Carl von Weizs{\"a}cker",
language = "French",
}
@Article{Schwarcz:2015:RCH,
author = "Joe Schwarcz",
title = "The Right Chemistry: How the {Manhattan Project} and
`the bomb' came to be",
journal = "The Montreal Gazette",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "10",
month = may,
year = "2015",
ISSN = "0384-1294",
ISSN-L = "0384-1294",
bibdate = "Thu Apr 13 14:13:06 2017",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "http://montrealgazette.com/technology/science/the-right-chemistry-how-the-manhattan-project-and-the-bomb-came-to-be",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Includes color photograph of the gun site at Los
Alamos where the Hiroshima bomb was assembled. From the
article: ``Italian physicist Enrico Fermi had no
thoughts of weapons in the 1930s when he mused about
bombarding atoms with neutrons, components of the
nuclei of atoms recently discovered by James Chadwick.
\ldots{} Subjecting atoms to bombardment by various
particles was the brainchild of Ernest Rutherford, who
a couple of decades earlier had targeted nitrogen atoms
with ``alpha particles'' emitted by radon gas as it
undergoes natural radioactive decay to polonium.
\ldots{} Germans Fritz Strassmann and Otto Hahn, who
had worked with Rutherford at McGill University, used
clever chemical techniques to identify the products of
the uranium bombardment and made a monumental discovery
\ldots{} Hungarian physicist Leo Szilard, living in the
U.S., foresaw accomplishing this through a chain
reaction initiated by the bombardment of Uranium-235
with neutrons.''",
}
@Book{Villani:2015:RLQ,
author = "C{\'e}dric Villani and Edmond Baudoin",
title = "Les r{\^e}veurs lunaires: quatre g{\'e}nies qui ont
chang{\'e} l'histoire. ({French}) [The lunar dreamers:
four geniuses who changed history]",
publisher = "Gallimard",
address = "Paris, France",
pages = "179 + 12",
year = "2015",
ISBN = "2-07-066593-3 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-2-07-066593-8 (paperback)",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Fri Aug 28 08:37:33 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/turing-alan-mathison.bib",
abstract = "Werner Heisenberg, Alan Turing, Leo Szilard, Hugh
Dowding, physiciens, math{\'e}maticien et militaire,
ils ont {\'e}t{\'e} les acteurs cruciaux autant que
discrets d'une aventure qui les d{\'e}passait: la
Seconde Guerre mondiale. Un jour, une nuit, ils ont eu
un {\'e}clair de lucidit{\'e} qui a chang{\'e} le
monde. [Werner Heisenberg, Alan Turing, Leo Szilard,
Hugh Dowding, physicists, mathematicians and military,
they were crucial actors as much as discrete in an
adventure that exceeded them: the Second World War. One
day, one night, they had a flash of lucidity that
changed the world.]",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "(1973--\ldots{}.)",
language = "French",
remark = "Comic book (graphic novel).",
subject = "Heisenberg, Werner; Bandes dessin{\'e}es.; Turing,
Alan Mathison; Szilard, Leo; Dowding, Hugh Caswall
Tremenheere; baron); Bandes dessin{\'e}es; baron;
Math{\'e}matiques",
subject-dates = "1901--1976; 1912--1954; 1898--1964; 1882--1970",
}
@Article{Rex:2017:MDH,
author = "Andrew Rex",
title = "{Maxwell's Demon} --- a Historical Review",
journal = j-ENTROPY,
volume = "19",
number = "6",
pages = "240:1--240:13",
month = may,
year = "2017",
CODEN = "ENTRFG",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.3390/e19060240",
ISSN = "1099-4300",
bibdate = "Fri Jul 9 15:00:10 2021",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/c/clerk-maxwell-james.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Entropy",
journal-URL = "https://www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy/",
keywords = "entropy; erasure; information; Landauer; Maxwell;
Maxwell's demon; second law of thermodynamics;
Szilard",
}
@Book{Gibson:2019:SIH,
author = "Susannah Gibson",
title = "The Spirit of Inquiry: How One Extraordinary Society
Shaped Modern Science",
publisher = pub-OXFORD,
address = pub-OXFORD:adr,
pages = "xxi + 377",
year = "2019",
ISBN = "0-19-883337-7 (hardcover)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-19-883337-6 (hardcover)",
LCCN = "Q41.C194 G537 2019",
bibdate = "Sat Jun 1 13:51:09 MDT 2019",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/babbage-charles.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/c/clerk-maxwell-james.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/d/dirac-p-a-m.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/pauli-wolfgang.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/planck-max.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.bib",
abstract = "Cambridge is now world-famous as a centre of science,
but it wasn't always so. Before the nineteenth century,
the sciences were of little importance in the
University of Cambridge. But that began to change in
1819 when two young Cambridge fellows took a geological
fieldtrip to the Isle of Wight. Adam Sedgwick and John
Stevens Henslow spent their days there exploring,
unearthing dazzling fossils, dreaming up elaborate
theories about the formation of the earth, and
bemoaning the lack of serious science in their ancient
university. As they threw themselves into the exciting
new science of geology --- conjuring millions of years
of history from the evidence they found in the island's
rocks --- they also began to dream of a new scientific
society for Cambridge. This society would bring
together like-minded young men who wished to learn of
the latest science from overseas, and would encourage
original research in Cambridge. It would be, they
wrote, a society ``to keep alive the spirit of
inquiry''. Their vision was realised when they founded
the Cambridge Philosophical Society later that same
year. Its founders could not have imagined the impact
the Cambridge Philosophical Society would have: it was
responsible for the first publication of Charles
Darwin's scientific writings, and hosted some of the
most heated debates about evolutionary theory in the
nineteenth century; it saw the first announcement of
X-ray diffraction by a young Lawrence Bragg --- a
technique that would revolutionise the physical,
chemical and life sciences; it published the first
paper by C.T.R. Wilson on his cloud chamber --- a
device that opened up a previously-unimaginable world
of sub-atomic particles. 200 years on from the
Society's foundation, this book reflects on the
achievements of Sedgwick, Henslow, their peers, and
their successors. Susannah Gibson explains how
Cambridge moved from what Sedgwick saw as a
``death-like stagnation'' (really little more than a
provincial training school for Church of England
clergy) to being a world-leader in the sciences. And
she shows how science, once a peripheral activity
undertaken for interest by a small number of wealthy
gentlemen, has transformed into an enormously
well-funded activity that can affect every aspect of
our lives.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "02.14 organization of science and culture; Science /
General",
tableofcontents = "Acknowledgements / xi \\
Foreword by Simon Conway Morris (FRS) / xiii \\
Preface / xvii \\
1: The Fenland Philosophers / 1 \\
2: The house on All Saints' Passage / 33 \\
3: Letters from the south / 78 \\
4: `A new prosperity' / 113 \\
5: The misdeeds of Mr Crouch / 141 \\
6: A workbench of one's own / 176 \\
7: The laboratory in the library / 210 \\
8: `May it never be of any use to anybody' / 238 \\
9: Following the footsteps / 271 \\
Endnotes / 283 \\
Figure and Plate Credits / 339 \\
Bibliography / 341 \\
Index / 367",
}
@Article{Polanyi:2019:WMD,
author = "John Polanyi",
title = "We must do more to prevent nuclear war",
journal = "Times Higher Education",
volume = "??",
number = "??",
pages = "??--??",
day = "9",
month = dec,
year = "2019",
bibdate = "Wed Dec 11 08:36:43 2019",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "https://www.timeshighereducation.com/features/we-must-do-more-prevent-nuclear-war",
abstract = "Nuclear armageddon is the global peril that time
forgot. But amid all the concern about environmental
degradation, disarmament remains imperative, says Nobel
laureate John Polanyi.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Hans Bethe; J. Robert Oppenheimer; Leo Szilard;
nuclear disarmament; Pugwash Conferences",
remark = "Speech given at the Nobel Foundation in Stockholm,
Sweden, on 8 December 2019.",
}
@Article{Krakovsky:2021:NTH,
author = "Marina Krakovsky",
title = "News: Taking the heat: {Maxwell}'s demon and the high
cost of erasure",
journal = j-CACM,
volume = "64",
number = "6",
pages = "18--20",
month = jun,
year = "2021",
CODEN = "CACMA2",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1145/3460214",
ISSN = "0001-0782 (print), 1557-7317 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "0001-0782",
bibdate = "Tue May 25 16:39:05 MDT 2021",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/c/clerk-maxwell-james.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/shannon-claude-elwood.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/cacm2020.bib",
URL = "https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3460214",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
fjournal = "Communications of the ACM",
journal-URL = "https://dl.acm.org/loi/cacm",
}
@Book{Sen:2021:EFH,
author = "Paul Sen",
title = "{Einstein}'s fridge: how the difference between hot
and cold explains the universe",
publisher = "Scribner",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "xii + 305",
year = "2021",
ISBN = "1-5011-8130-0 (hardcover), 1-5011-8132-7 (e-book)",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-5011-8130-6 (hardcover), 978-1-5011-8132-0
(e-book)",
LCCN = "QC311 .S5118 2021",
bibdate = "Fri Mar 5 22:16:38 MST 2021",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/c/clerk-maxwell-james.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/shannon-claude-elwood.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/turing-alan-mathison.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.bib",
abstract = "\booktitle{Einstein's Fridge} tells the incredible
epic story of the scientists who, over two centuries,
harnessed the power of heat and ice and formulated a
theory essential to comprehending our universe.
Thermodynamics --- the branch of physics that deals
with energy and entropy --- is the least known and yet
most consequential of all the sciences. It governs
everything from the behavior of living cells to the
black hole at the center of our galaxy. Not only that,
but thermodynamics explains why we must eat and
breathe, how lights turn on, the limits of computing,
and how the universe will end. The brilliant people who
decoded its laws came from every branch of the
sciences; they were engineers, physicists, chemists,
biologists, cosmologists, and mathematicians. From
French military engineer and physicist Sadi Carnot to
Lord Kelvin, James Joule, Albert Einstein, Emmy
Noether, Alan Turing, and Stephen Hawking, author Paul
Sen introduces us to all of the players who passed the
baton of scientific progress through time and across
nations. Incredibly driven and idealistic, these brave
pioneers performed groundbreaking work often in the
face of torment and tragedy. Their discoveries helped
create the modern world and transformed every branch of
science, from biology to cosmology. Einstein's Fridge
brings to life one of the most important scientific
revolutions of all time and captures the thrill of
discovery and the power of scientific progress to shape
the course of history.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Chapter 9 is about the work in 1860--1861 of James
Clerk Maxwell, assisted by his wife, Katherine, in
experiments on the pressure-independence of the
viscosity of gases, as predicted by his kinetic theory
of gases.",
subject = "Thermodynamics",
tableofcontents = "Prologue / ix \\
1; A Tour of Britain / 1 \\
2; The Motive Power of Fire / 7 \\
3; The Creator's Fiat / 23 \\
4; The Valley of the Clyde / 33 \\
5; The Principal Problem of Physics / 41 \\
6; The Flow of Heat and the End of Time / 51 \\
7; Entropy / 63 \\
8; The Motion We Call Heat / 75 \\
9; Collisions / 83 \\
IO; Counting the Ways / 95 \\
11; ``The Terroristic Nimbus'' / 115 \\
12; Boltzmann Brains / 127 \\
13; Quanta / 133 \\
14; Sugar and Pollen / 143 \\
IS; Symmetry / 155 \\
16; Information Is Physical / 167 \\
17; Demons / 187 \\
18; The Mathematics of Life / 199 \\
19; Event Horizon / 219 \\
Epilogue / 241 \\
Acknowledgments / 245 \\
Appendix I: The Carnot Cycle / 247 \\
Appendix II: How Clausius Reconciled the Conservation
of Energy with the Ideas of Sadi Carnot / 253 \\
Appendix III: The Four Laws of Thermodynamics / 257 \\
Notes / 259 \\
Bibliography / 283 \\
Index / 287",
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1986:BNG,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Von des Bombes aus Netz}. ({German}) [{From} the Bomb
to the Grid]",
howpublished = "History of nuclear power in America. WL interviewed in
Washington, DC, Three Mile Island PA, and Shippingport,
PA. RIAS-TV.",
year = "1986",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
language = "German",
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1986:LSA,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard} and the Art of Citizens' Diplomacy",
howpublished = "Discussant at a session on ``Citizens' Diplomacy and
International Exchanges'' at the Sixth World Congress
of International Physicians for the Prevention of
Nuclear War. Cologne, Germany",
day = "31",
month = may,
year = "1986",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1989:PS,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The Power and the Story",
howpublished = "Interview with WL about the development of nuclear
power in America. Radio Dialogue \#48.",
day = "9",
month = oct,
year = "1989",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1990:RMP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Running Down the {Manhattan Project}: {Leo Szilard}'s
Efforts to Build and Ban the Bomb",
howpublished = "A talk for the Seminar ``Running the Manhattan
Project: Conant, Groves, and Szilard'' at the annual
meeting of the History of Science Society. Seattle, WA,
USA",
day = "26",
month = oct,
year = "1990",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1992:LSP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard} and Post-War Science: From Nuclear
Physics to Molecular Biology",
howpublished = "A talk questioning if Szilard's scientific style
employs evolution, revolution, or subversion. The
History of Science Society and American Historical
Association, Washington, DC, USA",
day = "29",
month = dec,
year = "1992",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1993:AL,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Authors' Lunch",
howpublished = "In a discussion among writers about Hungary with
President Arpad Goncz, former US Ambassador Philip
Kaiser, and others. Embassy of Hungary, Washington, DC,
USA",
day = "23",
month = apr,
year = "1993",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1993:ALB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Author's Lecture and Booksigning: {World War II}
Series",
howpublished = "Presentation about Szilard's attempts to prevent the
atomic bombing of Japan, with readings from Genius in
the Shadows The National Archives, Washington, DC.",
day = "5",
month = aug,
year = "1993",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1993:AWL,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Author {William Lanouette} Talks About {Leo Szilard}",
howpublished = "Interview by Neal Conan on ``Morning Edition,''
National Public Radio",
day = "1",
month = mar,
year = "1993",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1993:CIG,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Consultant and Interviewer for {``The Genius Behind
the Bomb''}",
howpublished = "PBS/NOVA documentary about Leo Szilard narrated by Ed
Asner. [NOVA Program \#1911].",
day = "29",
month = sep,
year = "1993",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1993:FSG,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Faculty Seminar on Genius in the Shadows",
howpublished = "Talk at The George Washington University, Washington,
DC, USA.",
day = "2",
month = mar,
year = "1993",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1993:GS,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Genius in the Shadows",
howpublished = "Interview on the Voice of America about Szilard's
efforts to prevent the atomic bombing of Japan and the
scientists' petition to Truman.",
day = "6",
month = aug,
year = "1993",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1993:HGT,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Hungarian} Geniuses and their Bomb",
howpublished = "Seminar on Science and Social Responsibility, about
Szilard, Teller, von Neumann, and Wigner. Georgetown
University, Washington, DC, USA.",
day = "10",
month = may,
year = "1993",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1993:LSM,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: The Man Behind the Award.",
howpublished = "American Physical Society, Szilard Award ceremony,
Washington, DC, USA",
day = "14",
month = apr,
year = "1993",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1993:WFM,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Where the Four {Martians} of the {Manhattan Project}
Landed: The National Laboratory Connections of
{Teller}, {Wigner}, {von Neumann}, and {Szilard}",
howpublished = "Talk at the American Physical Society, Washington, DC,
USA.",
day = "13",
month = apr,
year = "1993",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1994:AS,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Atomic Spies",
howpublished = "Debate with the authors of \booktitle{Special Tasks}
by Soviet spymaster Pavel Sudoplatov
\cite{Sudoplatov:1995:STM}, which falsely alleged that
Szilard, Niels Bohr, J. Robert Oppenheimer and Enrico
Fermi were Soviet agents within the Manhattan Project.
MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour",
day = "26",
month = apr,
year = "1994",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1994:LSL,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard}'s Life",
howpublished = "A talk to the Inter-Agency Seminar Group at the
Brookings Institution, Washington, DC.",
day = "23",
month = mar,
year = "1994",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1994:SLS,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Seminar on {Leo Szilard}",
howpublished = "History Associates, Rockville, Maryland",
day = "6",
month = may,
year = "1994",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1995:A,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{August 1945}",
howpublished = "Woodrow Wilson Center ``Dialogue'' radio interview on
the decision to drop A-bombs on Japan, and the
Manhattan Project Scientists (including Szilard) who
opposed using the weapons they had created. Radio
Dialogue \#295.",
day = "1--7",
month = may,
year = "1995",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1995:GSB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Genius in the Shadows: The Biography of {Leo
Szilard}",
howpublished = "Woodrow Wilson Center ``Dialogue'' radio interview
about Szilard's efforts to create and control the
A-bomb, and his life-long commitment to social issues.
Radio Dialogue \#306.",
day = "17--23",
month = jul,
year = "1995",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1995:HWB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Hiroshima}: Why the Bomb Was Dropped",
howpublished = "Interview about Szilard's attempts to demonstrate the
A-bomb and stop its use on cities. ABC Peter Jennings
Reporting.",
day = "27",
month = jul,
year = "1995",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1995:MPS,
author = "William Lanouette and Ralph E. Lapp and Howard Gest
and John A. Simpson",
title = "The {Manhattan Project} Scientists Petition {President
Truman}",
howpublished = "Lecture and Introduction to a Discussion by Three
Signers of Leo Szilard's 17 July 1945 Petition About
the Decision to Use the Atom Bomb. World War II
Program. The National Archives, Washington, DC. TV
broadcast by C-SPAN.",
day = "17",
month = jul,
year = "1995",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1995:SSB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Scientists, Statesmen, and the Bomb",
howpublished = "A talk about Leo Szilard's efforts to prevent the
atomic bombing of Japan, presented at the International
Colloquium on the 50th Anniversary of Hiroshima,
University of Mons-Hainaut, Belgium",
day = "15",
month = sep,
year = "1995",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1996:LSP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Leo Szilard: Physicist and Peacemaker",
howpublished = "A talk prepared for ``Hungarian Emigre Scientists and
the Technologies of Peace and War 1919-1989,'' a
workshop organized for the 23rd Symposium of the
International Committee for the History of Technology,
Budapest 8-9 August 1996. Published in The Martians:
Hungarian Emigre Scientists and the Technology of War
and Peace (Gyorgy Marx, editor). Budapest:
E{\"o}tv{\"o}s University, 1997, 88-95.",
day = "8--9",
month = aug,
year = "1996",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1996:NAR,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The Nuclear Arms Race and the Scientists Behind It",
howpublished = "Lecture about Szilard and fellow refugee scientists
who created and continued the nuclear arms race.
Visiting Scholar at James Madison University",
day = "5",
month = feb,
year = "1996",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1996:WSB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Writing {Szilard}'s Biography",
howpublished = "Presentation to a Faculty Seminar, Loyola University,
New Orleans, Louisiana",
day = "25",
month = mar,
year = "1996",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1997:NAR,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The Nuclear Arms Race: From {Leo Szilard} to Stockpile
Stewardship",
howpublished = "A seminar presented at the Peace Studies Program,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.",
day = "23",
month = oct,
year = "1997",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Book{Lanouette:1997:SLZ,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Szilard Leo}: Zseni Arnyekban. ({Hungarian}) [{Leo
Szilard} genius in the shadows]",
publisher = "Magyar Vilag Kiado",
address = "Budapest, Hungary",
pages = "439",
year = "1997",
ISBN = "963-9075-02-7",
ISBN-13 = "978-963-9075-02-3",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 07:09:59 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
note = "Hungarian translation by P{\'e}ter Hrask{\'o} of
\cite{Lanouette:1992:GSB}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1998:LS,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard}",
howpublished = "Interview with Veronika Sarkany for ``Hungarian
Journey: Leo Szilard.'' Broadcast on Radio Hungary.",
day = "25",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1998:LSCa,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: A Comic and Cosmic Wit",
howpublished = "A talk at the International Szilard Seminar, Leo
Szilard Centenary Celebration, E{\"o}tv{\"o}s
University, Budapest, 9 February 1998. Published in
\cite{Lanouette:1998:LSCb}.",
day = "9",
month = feb,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@InProceedings{Lanouette:1998:LSCb,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Leo Szilard: A Comic and Cosmic Wit",
crossref = "Marx:1998:LSC",
pages = "103--108",
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 15:39:41 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1998:LSM,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard} Memorial Service and Interment",
howpublished = "Ithaca, New York",
day = "3",
month = may,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1998:LSP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: Physics, Politics, and the Narrow
Margin of Hope",
howpublished = "A talk at the Symposium in Celebration of the 100th
Anniversary of Leo Szilard's Birth. Sponsored by the
Forum on International Physics, Forum on Physics and
Society, and Forum on the History of Physics. American
Physical Society annual meeting, Columbus, Ohio.
Published in \cite{Lanouette:1999:LSP}",
day = "18",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1998:NB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The {Nazi} Bomb",
howpublished = "Interview about Szilard's attempts to spur the USA to
develop an A-bomb before Germany could, including his
drafting of a letter from Albert Einstein to President
Roosevelt and his early research with Enrico Fermi. The
History Channel. 10 June 1998.",
day = "10",
month = jun,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1998:PCL,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Prescience and Conscience: {Leo Szilard}
(1898--1964)",
howpublished = "An adaptation of \cite{Lanouette:1998:LSCb}.",
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1998:SGN,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The Shadow of Genius in the Nuclear Age: Reflections
on the Life of {Leo Szilard}",
howpublished = "Policy Forum with Nobel laureate Kenneth Wilson, Ohio
State Univ., Columbus, Ohio.",
day = "17",
month = apr,
year = "1998",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1999:CUP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The Century. Ultimate Power: The Race to Build the
Atomic Bomb",
howpublished = "Interview about Szilard's efforts to stop the bomb he
had initiated. ABC Peter Jennings Reporting.",
day = "1",
month = apr,
year = "1999",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1999:RCH,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Reason and Circumstances of the {Hiroshima} Bomb",
crossref = "Prigge:2003:BBA",
howpublished = "A talk about the U.S. scientists' struggle to control
the A-bomb they had created, presented at a UNESCO
Conference on World Cultural Heritage of the 20th
Century ``Modernity and Barbarism.'' The Bauhaus,
Dessau, Germany. 4 June 1999. Published in
\cite{Lanouette:2003:GHB}.",
day = "4",
month = jun,
year = "1999",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:1999:WFM,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Where the Four {Martians} of the {Manhattan Project}
Landed: The {National Laboratory} Connections of
{Teller}, {Wigner}, {von Neumann}, and {Szilard}",
howpublished = "A Talk at a Conference on Laboratory History and
Sociology, State University of New York at Stony Brook
\& Brookhaven National Laboratory",
day = "10",
month = jun,
year = "1999",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2000:RND,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Respondent to {``New Dimensions in the Dialogue
Between Science and the Humanities''}",
howpublished = "With examples of ways Szilard used science fiction and
fables to reveal scientific and political insights.
Gordon Research Conference on ``New Frontiers in
Science and Technology Policy'' Plymouth, New
Hampshire.",
day = "22",
month = aug,
year = "2000",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
xxnote = "Were the proceedings published? I don't find them in
the KVK.",
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2002:ELR,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Einstein}'s Letter to {Roosevelt}",
howpublished = "Consultant and speaker on Szilard's role in drafting
and delivering Einstein's 1939 letter to FDR that
prompted the Manhattan Project. The Learning Channel",
month = "Fall",
year = "2002",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2002:LSB,
author = "William Lanouette and Gregg Herken and Robert S.
Norrisat",
title = "Leo Szilard: Baiting Brass Hats",
howpublished = "A talk for the panel on ``The Military and Science in
the Crucible of War'' (with Gregg Herken and Robert S.
Norrisat) a Symposium on the Manhattan Project,
Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC.
Broadcast as C-SPAN Program \# 169799-2.",
day = "27",
month = apr,
year = "2002",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
xxnote = "Check author order??",
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2002:MMM,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Modern Marvels: {Manhattan Project}",
howpublished = "Consultant and speaker on a program about Szilard's
role in prompting the U.S. A-bomb program, then
opposing the weapon's use. The History Channel",
day = "4",
month = jun,
year = "2002",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2002:UP,
author = "William Lanouette and Peter Cook",
title = "Uranium $+$ Peaches",
howpublished = "Play about the May 1945 meeting between Einstein's
prot{\'e}g{\'e} Leo Szilard and President Truman's
mentor (soon Secretary of State) James F. Byrnes, in
which the scientist who made the A-bomb and wants to
stop it confronts the politician eager to use it. Five
staged dramatic readings in New York City and two in
Hollywood, 2002--08.",
year = "2002",
bibdate = "Tue Aug 06 09:37:46 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.uraniumandpeaches.com/",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2002:WP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "War \& Peace",
howpublished = "Speaker about Leo Szilard's role rallying scientists
against the weapons they created, in a film by Anand
Patwardhan about the nuclear arms race and its
control",
year = "2002",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2004:MML,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Martian} in Motion: {Leo Szilard}",
howpublished = "Consultant and speaker on a 2004 documentary about Leo
Szilard. Arkion Documentary, Knoxville, Tennessee.",
year = "2004",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2004:UPH,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Uranium $+$ Peaches in {Hollywood}",
howpublished = "Interview about Leo Szilard and his portrayal by Ed
Asner in a staged Hollywood reading. ``Stage and
Screen'' KXLU-FM Los Angeles",
day = "22",
month = mar,
year = "2004",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2005:AHN,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "60th Anniversary of {Hiroshima} \& {Nagasaki}",
howpublished = "Interview for TBS (Tokyo), NTV (Nagoya), and
SPIEGEL-TV (Germany) programs about the atomic bombings
of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and Szilard's efforts first
to start the U.S. A-bomb program --- the Manhattan
Project =-- and then to prevent the bomb's use against
civilians.",
month = "Spring\slash Summer",
year = "2005",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2005:EEL,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Einstein}'s Equation of Life \& Death",
howpublished = "Consultant and speaker on the BBC ``Horizon'' science
program about how a letter to the President by
physicists Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard prompted the
U.S. Government to develop nuclear weapons, and how the
two men reacted once A-bombs were used. Broadcast in
the UK 27 \& 29 January 2005, on Discovery 17 April
2005.",
day = "27 \& 29",
month = jan,
year = "2005",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2005:GVT,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Geni{\u\i} v teni ({Russian}) [{Genius} in the
shadows]",
howpublished = "Russian edition of Genius in the Shadows. Translated
by Viktor B. Adamskii, Andrei Sakharov's colleague in
the Soviet nuclear weapons program, 2005.",
year = "2005",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
language = "Russian",
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2005:SSP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Szilardian} Science and Politics: Evolution,
Revolution, or Subversion?",
howpublished = "A paper for the Session on ``The Scientist's Approach
--0 The Decision Makers' Approach'' that details
Szilard's unconventional creations in science and
public policy. World Science Forum on ``Knowledge,
Ethics, and Responsibility,'' sponsored by UNESCO and
the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Budapest, 10th
November 2005. Presented in modified form at the
Program on Science and Global Security, Woodrow Wilson
School, Princeton University, 15 February 2006.",
month = nov,
year = "2005",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
xxnote = "Were the proceedings published? I don't find them in
the KVK.",
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2006:ELa,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Einstein}'s Letter",
howpublished = "``Science Talk,'' the Scientific American Podcast
Interview about an upcoming History Channel program on
the roles of Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard in the
beginning of the nuclear age. Episode 9.",
day = "5",
month = apr,
year = "2006",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2006:ELb,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Einstein}'s Letter",
howpublished = "Consultant \& on-air speaker about how Szilard drafted
for Albert Einstein a letter to President Franklin
Roosevelt in 1939 warning about a German A-bomb.
History Channel series ``Ten Days That Unexpectedly
Changed America.''",
day = "10",
month = apr,
year = "2006",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2008:MPC,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The {Manhattan Project} and its {Cold War} Legacy",
howpublished = "Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.",
day = "20",
month = feb,
year = "2008",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2008:NMH,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "A Narrow Margin of Hope: {Leo Szilard} in the Founding
Days of {CARA}",
howpublished = "A talk in the session ``The Early Years: The Academic
Assistance Council'' at the conference ``In Defence of
Learning: The Past and the Present'' celebrating the
75th anniversary of the Council for the Assistance of
Academic Refugees (The Royal Society \& The British
Academy) London.",
day = "4",
month = dec,
year = "2008",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2009:BBF,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Building the Bomb, Fearing Its Use: Nuclear
Scientists, Social Responsibility and Arms Control,
1946--1996",
howpublished = "Panelist at a Library of Congress discussion on
``Building the Bomb.'' Described Szilard's struggles to
build and then ban the bomb. Other participants were
Mary Palevsky, Hugh Gusterson, and Martin J. Sherwin",
day = "27",
month = may,
year = "2009",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2009:SPA,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Scientists and Politicians: The Art of the
Impossible",
howpublished = "A paper presented for the panel on ``Nuclear Weapons
Policies: Perspectives from the Past'' at the Symposium
``Revisiting Reykjavik: Nuclear Weapons Policy for the
New Century.'' Carnegie Institution for Science,
Washington, DC, USA",
day = "14",
month = mar,
year = "2009",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
xxnote = "Were the proceedings published? I don't find them in
the KVK.",
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2010:LSW,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard} in {Washington}: Seeking a Market for
Wisdom",
howpublished = "Washington Magyar Club. Described Szilard's efforts to
start the US nuclear weapons program in 1939, and to
curb the nuclear arms race both during and after World
War II. Also detailed his research at NIH in the 1950s
and his creation of the Council for a Livable World to
aid arms control.",
day = "16",
month = jan,
year = "2010",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2011:EF,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Einstein}'s Fridge",
howpublished = "Interview in a Discovery program on Inventions that
Shook the World, describing the co-invention by
Einstein and Szilard of a revolutionary refrigerator in
the 1920s.",
day = "27",
month = jul,
year = "2011",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2011:EMB,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Ethics, Morality, and the Bomb",
howpublished = "Leo Szilard's struggle with the weapon he created and
then tried to control. The Woodstock Group.",
day = "13",
month = dec,
year = "2011",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2011:ESP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Einstein} and {Szilard} in {Princeton}",
howpublished = "Historical Society of Princeton, The Lewis B. Cuyler
Lecture. Described the friendship and interactions
between Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard, in Berlin and
in Princeton. Included their friendships and contacts
with John von Neumann and Eugene Wigner. (Program
included remarks by Freeman Dyson.)",
day = "9",
month = feb,
year = "2011",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2011:FHM,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "The {Four Hungarians} of the {Manhattan Project}",
howpublished = "Washington Magyar Club. Described the roles of Leo
Szilard, Eugene Wigner, John von Neumann, and Edward
Teller in the Manhattan Project.",
day = "15",
month = jan,
year = "2011",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2012:EAS,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{European} and {American} Scientists and their
creation of nuclear weapons and power",
howpublished = "Graduate seminar presentation on Szilard's efforts in
Europe and the USA to create A-bombs and nuclear
reactors",
day = "16",
month = aug,
year = "2012",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2012:UP,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Uranium $+$ Peaches",
howpublished = "Staged dramatic reading by the Arts Council of
Princeton and the Princeton Theatre Experiment at the
Paul Robeson Center, Princeton, NJ, USA",
day = "10",
month = mar,
year = "2012",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2012:WWD,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Why We Dropped the Bomb",
howpublished = "Talk to University of the Third Age at the University
of San Diego, featuring Szilard's efforts to stop the
atomic bombing of Japan in 1945",
day = "19",
month = jul,
year = "2012",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 06:50:11 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2014:LSM,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: The Man Behind the Bomb",
howpublished = "Lecture at the University of California, San Diego.",
day = "8",
month = apr,
year = "2014",
bibdate = "Wed Apr 16 07:12:51 2014",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://www.uctv.tv/shows/Leo-Szilard-The-Man-Behind-the-Bomb-with-William-Lanouette-28013;
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVIIFBHhl6g",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb # "\slash " # ack-wl,
}
@Misc{Anonymous:2016:MTA,
author = "Anonymous",
title = "The March of Time: Atomic Power!",
howpublished = "Periscope Film LLC archive",
day = "17",
month = apr,
year = "201617",
bibdate = "Sat May 27 09:21:09 2017",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
URL = "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTJJ7tkD5L4",
abstract = "Presented by the March of Time, this educational film
shows the history of the Atomic Age, beginning with the
dropping of the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
It then goes on to describe the atom and the race to
build the atomic bomb during WWII using (somewhat
clunky) re-enactments. The film ends with a discussion
of the dangers of atomic weapons, including the
formation of the Emergency Committee of Atomic
Scientists by Albert Einstein, intending to educate the
American public about the destructive power of the
bomb.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Albert Einstein (04:18, 07:12, 15:40); Alexander Sachs
(07:50); Arthur H. Compton (04:53); Bernard Baruch
(17:08); David E. Lilienthal (17:00); Dean Acheson
(17:00); Einstein letter to President Franklin D.
Roosevelt (07:35); Enrico Fermi (04:45, 07:03, 10:50);
Ernest O. Lawrence (04:58); Ernest Rutherford (04:40);
Franklin D. Roosevelt (08:06); Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric
Joliot-Curie (04:45); George B. Peagram (06:37, 08:56);
Harold C. Urey (04:53); I. I. Rabi (13:55); J. Robert
Oppenheimer (13:55); James B. Conant (04:03, 16:45);
John A. Wheeler; Leo Szilard (06:35, 07:12, 15:40);
Leslie R. Groves (10:20, 12:50); Lise Meitner (05:04);
Lyman J. Briggs (08:30); Merle A. Tuve (05:50); Trinity
Test (19 July 1945); Vannevar Bush (08:50, 16:45)",
}
@Misc{Lanouette:2015:PPF,
author = "William Lanouette",
title = "Public Policy Forum '15: Why We Dropped The
Bomb\ldots{}",
howpublished = "KBUT radio Outside\slash In broadcast, Gunnison
County, Colorado, USA.",
day = "25",
month = jul,
year = "2015",
bibdate = "Mon Jul 27 13:18:52 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "https://soundcloud.com/kbut-radio/outsidein-william-lanouette?in=kbut-radio/sets/local-headlines",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Misc{Cook:2018:UP,
author = "Peter Cook and William Lanouette",
title = "Uranium $+$ Peaches",
howpublished = "Stage play. World Premiere Performance, The Salk
Institute for Biological Studies, Conrad T. Prebys
Auditorium, La Jolla, California.",
day = "21",
month = jun,
year = "2018",
bibdate = "Mon Jun 25 12:28:15 2018",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
abstract = "The Setting: Jimmy Byrnes living room in Spartanburg,
South Carolina. May 28, 1945. Science and politics
collide and collude. In a fateful confrontation, Albert
Einstein's prot{\'e}g{\'e} Leo Szilard, Manhattan
Project chemist Harold Urey and President Truman's
adviser Jimmy Byrnes struggle to control the A-bomb
that still menaces humanity today.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Masters:1946:OWN,
editor = "Dexter Masters and Katharine Way",
booktitle = "One world or none: a report to the public on the full
meaning of the atomic bomb",
title = "One world or none: a report to the public on the full
meaning of the atomic bomb",
publisher = "Whittlesey House, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc.",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "x + 79",
year = "1946",
LCCN = "UF767 .M3 1946a",
bibdate = "Sun May 1 11:36:59 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Foreword by Niels Bohr. Introduction by Arthur H.
Compton. See also reprint \cite{Masters:2007:OWN}",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "atomic bomb; nuclear energy; nuclear weapons; nuclear
warfare; moral and ethical aspects",
tableofcontents = "Introduction / Arthur H. Compton \\
Foreword: Science and civilization / Niels Bohr \\
1. If the bomb gets out of hand / Philip Morrison \\
2. It's an old story with the stars / Harlow Shapley
\\
3. Roots of the atomic age / Eugene P. Wigner \\
4. The new power / Gale Young \\
5. The new weapon: the turn of the screw / J. R.
Oppenheimer \\
6. Air force in the atomic age / H. H. Arnold \\
7. There is no defence / Louis N. Ridenour \\
8. The new technique of private war / E. U. Condon \\
9. How close is the danger? / Frederick Seitz and Hans
Bethe \\
10. An atomic arms race and its alternatives / Irving
Langmuir \\
11. How does it all add up? / Harold Urey \\
12. Can we avert an arms race by an inspection system?
/ Leo Szilard \\
13. International control of atomic energy / Walter
Lippmann \\
14. The way out / Albert Einstein \\
15. Survival is at stake / Federation of American
(Atomic) Scientists.",
}
@Book{Masters:1946:VEI,
editor = "Dexter Masters and Katherine Way",
booktitle = "Een Verden eller ingen. ({Danish}) [{One} world or
none]",
title = "Een Verden eller ingen. ({Danish}) [{One} world or
none]",
publisher = "????",
address = "K{\o}benhavn, Danmark",
pages = "220",
year = "1946",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 14:32:13 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.kb.dk:2100/KGL01",
note = "Danish translation of \cite{Masters:1946:OWN} by
Gudrun Frederiksen og Ebbe Rasmussen. Foreword by Niels
Bohr. Introduction by Arthur H. Compton. Reprint of
\cite{Masters:1946:OWN}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "Danish",
tableofcontents = "Philip Morrison: Hvis Bomben slippes \\
Harlow Shapley: I Stjernerne er det en gammel Historie
\\
Eugene P. Wigner: Grundlaget for Atomalderen \\
Gale Young: Den nye Energi \\
J. R. Oppenheimer: Det nye Vaaben \\
H. H. Arnold: Luftvaabnet i Atomalderen \\
Louis N. Ridenour: Der gives intet Forsvar \\
E. U. Condon: Den nye Teknik i den ``private'' Krig \\
Frederick Seitz: Hvor n{\aa}r er Faren? / af Frederick
Seitz og Hans Bethe \\
Irving Langmuir: Atomkaprustningen og dens Alternativer
\\
Harold C. Urey: Hvordan kan det hele sammenfattes? Leo
Szilard: Kan vi undgaa Kaprustning ved et
Inspektionssystem? \\
Walter Lippmann: International Kontrol med Atomenergi
\\
Albert Einstein: Udvejen \\
Forbundet af Amerikanske (Atom)-Videnskabsm{\ae}nd:
Overlevelsen staar paa Spil",
}
@Book{Eliot:1950:HB,
editor = "George Fielding Eliot",
booktitle = "The {H} bomb",
title = "The {H} bomb",
publisher = "Didier",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "175",
year = "1950",
LCCN = "UF767 .H2",
bibdate = "Tue Feb 17 11:21:40 MST 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Introduction by Albert Einstein and commentary by
George Fielding Eliot.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Hydrogen bomb",
tableofcontents = "Notable dates of the atomic age \\
What are facts about the H bomb? / H. W. Baldwin \\
Washington under atomic attack / The Atomic Energy
Commission \\
A touch of sun / The editors of Time \\
The theory of the H bomb / R. K. Winslow \\
The H bomb / H. Bethe \\
President Truman's directive \\
Let's wage atomic peace / B. McMahon \\
Comment in the Senate on McMahon's speech \\
What Senator McMahon's proposal overlooks / W. Lippmann
\\
Chicago University round table of the air \\
A criticism of the round table / D. E. Lilienthal \\
A reply to Lilienthal's criticism / L. Szilard \\
Statement on the H. bomb / Twelve physicists \\
Should America build the H bomb? / H. C. Urey \\
The tritium bomb / S. Alsop \\
The H bomb, by R. F. Bacher \\
The H bomb and the peace outlook / H. J. Morgenthau",
}
@Proceedings{Kozloff:1954:DGP,
editor = "L. Kozloff and Alvin Novick and Leo Szilard and Edgar
John Boell",
booktitle = "{Dynamics of growth processes: Papers presented at the
society's 11th annual symposium held at Williams
College in June 1952}",
title = "{Dynamics of growth processes: Papers presented at the
society's 11th annual symposium held at Williams
College in June 1952}",
publisher = pub-PRINCETON,
address = pub-PRINCETON:adr,
pages = "vii + 304",
year = "1954",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 17:14:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}
@Book{Brillouin:1956:SIT,
author = "L{\'e}on Brillouin",
booktitle = "Science and Information Theory",
title = "Science and Information Theory",
publisher = pub-ACADEMIC,
address = pub-ACADEMIC:adr,
pages = "320",
year = "1956",
LCCN = "Q175 .B786",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:02:52 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1889--1969",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
subject = "Information theory",
}
@Book{Brillouin:1962:SIT,
author = "L{\'e}on Brillouin",
booktitle = "Science and Information Theory",
title = "Science and Information Theory",
publisher = pub-ACADEMIC,
address = pub-ACADEMIC:adr,
edition = "Second",
pages = "351",
year = "1962",
LCCN = "Q175 .B786 1962",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:02:52 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1889--1969",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
subject = "Information theory",
}
@Book{Pohl:1962:ED,
author = "Frederik Pohl",
booktitle = "The expert dreamers",
title = "The expert dreamers",
publisher = pub-DOUBLEDAY,
address = pub-DOUBLEDAY:adr,
pages = "248",
year = "1962",
LCCN = "PZ1 .P745 Ex",
bibdate = "Thu Jul 4 14:24:25 MDT 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/g/gamow-george.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Reprinted in 1968 by Avon Books, New York.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Science fiction",
tableofcontents = "At the end of the orbit / Arthur C. Clarke \\
On the feasibility of coal-driven power stations / O.
R. Frisch \\
Feast of demons / William Morrison (Joseph Samachson)
\\
Heart on the other side / George Gamow \\
Lenny / Isaac Asimov \\
Singers / W. Grey Walter \\
Invasion / Robert Willey (Willy Ley) \\
To explain Mrs. Thompson / Philip Latham (R. S.
Richardson) \\
Adrift on the policy level / Chandler Davis \\
Black cloud / Fred Hoyle \\
Chain reaction / Boyd Ellanby (Lyle and William C.
Boyd) \\
Miracle of the broom closet / W. Norbert (Norbert
Wiener) \\
Heavyplanet / Lee Gregor (Milton A. Rothman) \\
Test stand / Lee Correy (G. Harry Stine) \\
Amateur in chancery / George O. Smith \\
Mark Gable foundation / Leo Szilard",
}
@Book{Grodzins:1963:AAS,
editor = "Morton Grodzins and Eugene I. Rabinowitch",
booktitle = "The Atomic Age: Scientists in National and World
Affairs. Articles from the {Bulletin of the Atomic
Scientists} 1945--1962",
title = "The Atomic Age: Scientists in National and World
Affairs. Articles from the {Bulletin of the Atomic
Scientists} 1945--1962",
publisher = pub-BASIC-BOOKS,
address = pub-BASIC-BOOKS:adr,
pages = "xviii + 616",
year = "1963",
LCCN = "D842 .B78",
bibdate = "Fri Aug 8 18:23:29 MDT 2008",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/born-max.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/d/dyson-freeman-j.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "With the assistance of Harvey Flaumenhaft and Lois
Gradner.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Albert Einstein; Bertrand Russell; Edward Shils;
Eugene Rabinowitch; J. Robert Oppenheimer; Max Born",
subject = "nuclear warfare; science and civilization; world
politics; 1955--1965",
}
@Book{Strauss:1963:MDa,
author = "Lewis L. Strauss",
booktitle = "Men and decisions",
title = "Men and decisions",
publisher = "Doubleday",
address = "Garden City, NY, USA",
bookpages = "viii + 468 + 16",
pages = "viii + 468 + 16",
year = "1963",
LCCN = "E741 .S78",
bibdate = "Sat Jun 23 17:10:50 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
z3950.bibsys.no:2100/BIBSYS;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Edward Teller; Enrico Fermi; Hans Bethe; John von
Neumann; Leo Szilard",
subject = "Europa; Historie 1914--1945; Historie 1945--1999;
Forente Stater; Utenrikspolitikk; Manhattan Project;
United States; History; 20th century",
tableofcontents = "I. First Decisions / 1\\
II. A Man of Decision / 7 \\
III. Rebirth of a Nation / 60 \\
IV. Twentieth-Century Anabasis / 71 \\
V. Decisions about Money / 78 \\
VI. De Profundis / 103 \\
VII. Sidelight on a Decision in Tokyo / 120 \\
VIII. A View of the Navy from the Beach / 131 \\
IX. ``A Thousand Years of Regret'' / 163 \\
X. The Decision to Detect / 201 \\
XI. Decision on the Hydrogen Bomb / 208 \\
XII. Vignettes of Research and Researchers / 231 \\
XIII. Decisions on Security / 246 \\
XIV. Decision in the Case of Dr. J. R. Oppenheimer /
267 \\
XV. Decision in the Tennessee Valley / 296 \\
XVI. A New Charter for the Atom: Atoms for Power / 312
\\
XVII. The Peaceable Atom: Decisions Affecting New
Problems and Old Friends / 330 \\
XVIII. Decision in the Senate / 375 \\
XIX. Nuclear Tests, Fall-Out, and World Opinion / 404
\\
Conclusion / 428 \\
Acknowledgments / 431 \\
Appendix / 433 \\
Index / 455",
}
@Book{Fermi:1968:III,
author = "Laura Fermi",
booktitle = "Illustrious immigrants; the intellectual migration
from {Europe}, 1930/41",
title = "Illustrious immigrants; the intellectual migration
from {Europe}, 1930/41",
publisher = pub-U-CHICAGO,
address = pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
pages = "xi + 440",
year = "1968",
LCCN = "E184.A1 F47",
bibdate = "Thu May 31 09:24:51 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/g/gamow-george.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Bethe, Hans; Bohr, Niels; Einstein, Albert; Fermi,
Enrico; Fermi, Laura; Franck, James; Gamow, George;
Goudsmidt, Samuel; Hitler, Adolf; Neumann, John von;
Segr{\`e}, Emilio; Szilard, Leo; Teller, Edward; Ulam,
Stanislaw; Wigner, Eugene",
subject = "immigrants; United States; Europeans; intellectuals;
civilization; foreign influences",
}
@Book{Fleming:1969:IME,
editor = "Donald Fleming and Bernard Bailyn",
booktitle = "The intellectual migration: {Europe} and {America},
1930--1960",
title = "The intellectual migration: {Europe} and {America},
1930--1960",
publisher = pub-BELKNAP,
address = pub-BELKNAP:adr,
pages = "748",
year = "1969",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674334120",
ISBN = "0-674-33411-6, 0-674-33412-4",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-674-33411-3, 978-0-674-33412-0",
LCCN = "E169.1 .F6",
bibdate = "Wed Mar 2 17:20:18 MST 2016",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/shannon-claude-elwood.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/u/ulam-stanislaw-m.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1923--2008",
remark = "An expansion of the second volume of
\booktitle{Perspectives in American history}, an annual
journal.",
subject = "United States; Civilization; Foreign influences;
Europe; Emigration and immigration; Intellectuals;
Political refugees",
tableofcontents = "Introduction / 3 \\
1. Weimar Culture: The Outsider as Insider / Peter Gay
/ 11 \\
I \\
2. Reminiscences / Leo Szilard (Edited by Gertrud Weiss
Szilard and Kathleen R. Winsor) / 94 \\
3. {\'E}migr{\'e} Physicists and the Biological
Revolution / Donald Fleming / 152 \\
4. A New Site for the Seminar: The Refugees and
American Physics in the Thirties / Charles Weiner / 190
\\
5. John von Neumann, 1903--1957 / S. Ulam, H. W. Kuhn,
A. W. Tucker, and Claude E. Shannon / 235 \\
II \\
6. An Episode in the History of Social Research: A
Memoir / Paul F. Lazarsfeld / 270 \\
7. Scientific Experiences of a European Scholar in
America / T. W. Adorno (Translated by Donald Fleming) /
338 \\
8. The Diaspora of Experimental Psychology: The
Gestaltists and Others / Jean Matter Mandler and George
Mandler / 371 \\
9. The Migration of Psychoanalysis: Its Impact on
American Psychology / Marie Jahoda / 420 \\
10. Franz Neumann Between Marxism and Liberal Democracy
/ H. Stuart Hughes / 446 \\
III \\
11. Two Romanisten in America: Spitzer and Auerbach /
Harry Levin / 463 \\
12. The Aftermath of the Bauhaus in America: Gropius,
Mies, and Breuer / William H. Jordy / 485 \\
13. Kunstgeschichte American Style: A Study in
Migration / Colin Eisler / 544 \\
14. The Wiener Kreis in America / Herbert Feigl / 630
\\
300 Notable {\'E}migr{\'e}s / 675 \\
Notes on Contributors / 719 \\
Index / 721",
}
@Proceedings{Zipser:1969:APP,
editor = "David Zipser and Jonathan Beckwith",
booktitle = "Abstracts of Papers Presented at the {Lactose Operon
Meeting, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, September 1--5,
1969}",
title = "Abstracts of Papers Presented at the {Lactose Operon
Meeting, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, September 1--5,
1969}",
publisher = "Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory of Quantitative
Biology",
address = "Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724",
pages = "49",
year = "1969",
bibdate = "Wed May 20 09:24:37 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
URL = "http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb18104153/_1.pdf/download",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Book cover contains photograph of Jacques Monod and
Leo Szilard at a chalkboard, but there is no other
mention of Szilard in this volume.",
}
@Book{Fermi:1971:III,
author = "Laura Fermi",
booktitle = "Illustrious immigrants; the intellectual migration
from {Europe}, 1930/41",
title = "Illustrious immigrants; the intellectual migration
from {Europe}, 1930/41",
publisher = pub-U-CHICAGO,
address = pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
edition = "Second",
pages = "xi + 431",
year = "1971",
ISBN = "0-226-24376-1, 0-226-24378-8 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-226-24376-4, 978-0-226-24378-8 (paperback)",
LCCN = "E184.A1 F47 1971",
bibdate = "Thu May 31 09:24:51 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/g/gamow-george.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
keywords = "Bethe, Hans; Bohr, Niels; Einstein, Albert; Fermi,
Enrico; Fermi, Laura; Franck, James; Gamow, George;
Goudsmidt, Samuel; Hitler, Adolf; Neumann, John von;
Segr{\`e}, Emilio; Szilard, Leo; Teller, Edward; Ulam,
Stanislaw; Wigner, Eugene",
subject = "immigrants; United States; Europeans; intellectuals;
civilization; foreign influences",
}
@Book{Esterer:1972:PAA,
author = "Arnulf K. Esterer and Louise A. Esterer",
booktitle = "Prophet of the atomic age: {Leo Szilard}",
title = "Prophet of the atomic age: {Leo Szilard}",
publisher = "Julian Messner",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "189",
year = "1972",
ISBN = "0-671-32522-1 (hardcover), 0-671-32523-X (MCE)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-671-32522-0 (hardcover), 978-0-671-32523-7
(MCE)",
LCCN = "QC16.S95 E83",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 15:08:07 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Szilard, Leo",
}
@Book{Feld:1972:CWL,
editor = "Bernard T. Feld and Gertrud Weiss Szilard",
booktitle = "The collected works of {Leo Szilard}: Scientific
papers",
title = "The collected works of {Leo Szilard}: Scientific
papers",
volume = "1",
publisher = pub-MIT,
address = pub-MIT:adr,
pages = "xxii + 737",
year = "1972--1987",
ISBN = "0-262-06039-6 (vol. 1: 1972), 0-262-19168-7 (vol. 2:
1978), 0-262-19260-8 (vol. 3: 1987)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-262-06039-4 (vol. 1), 978-0-262-19168-5 (vol.
2), 978-0-262-19260-6 (vol. 3)",
LCCN = "QC3 .S97",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://alsos.wlu.edu/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "With Kathleen R. Winsor. Foreword by Jacques Monod.
Introductory essays by Carl Eckart, Bernard T. Feld,
Maurice Goldhaber, Aaron Novick, and Julius Tabin.",
abstract = "This book presents all of Leo Szilard's scientific and
technical papers published between 1925 and 1964, and a
selection of his unpublished reports. The papers are
topically organized: physics, including thermodynamics,
X-ray effects in crystals, and nuclear physics
(1925--1939); the Manhattan Project, including
declassified papers and some correspondence
(1940--1945); biology (1949--1964); and patent
applications (1925--1964). The book also has a
biography and photographs from different periods of
Szilard's life. The introductions to the sections and
the foreword were written by Szilard's scientific
colleagues. Some of the papers are in German. Although
the work does not include Szilard's memorabilia, his
general and political works, or his fiction, it is
useful to people seeking a detailed view of the
brilliant and complex man's scientific life.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "English and German",
remark = "See also volume 2 \cite{Weart:1978:LSH} and 3
\cite{Hawkins:1987:TLW}.",
seriestableofcontents = "Volume 1. Scientific papers \\
Volume 2. Leo Szilard, his version of the facts \\
Volume 3: Toward a livable world: Leo Szilard and the
crusade for nuclear arms control",
subject = "physics; biology",
tableofcontents = "Foreword by Jacques Monod / xv \\
Preface / xix \\
Acknowledgements / xxi \\
Part I: Biographical Notes \\
Curriculum Vitae by Leo Szilard / 3 \\
Photographs / 17 \\
Part II: Published Papers in Physics (1925--1939) \\
Thermodynamics \\
Introduction by Carl Eckart / 31 \\
``{\"U}ber die Ausdehnung der phanomenologischen
Thermodynamik auf die Schwankungserscheinungen.''
Zeits. Physik, 32: 753--788 (1925) / 34 \\
* ``On the Extension of Phenomenological Thermodynamics
to Fluctuation Phenomena.'' (Translation for this
volume of preceding paper.) / 70 \\
``{\"U}ber die Entropieverminderung in einem
thermodynamischen System bei Eingriffen intelligenter
Wesen.'' Zeits. Physik, 53:840-856 (1929) / 103 \\
``On the Decrease of Entropy in a Thermodynamic System
by the Intervention of Intelligent Beings.'' Behavioral
Science, 9:301--310 (1964). (Translation of preceding
paper.) / 120 \\
Experimental Work on X-Ray Effects in Crystals \\
``Ein einfacher Versuch zur Auffindung eines selektiven
Effektes bei der Zerstreuung von R{\"o}ntgenstrahlen.''
H. Mark und L. Szilard. Zeits. Physik, 33 :688--691
(1925) / 130 \\
``Die Polarisierung von R{\"o}ntgenstrahlen durch
Reflexion an Kristallen.'' H. Markund und L. Szilard.
Zeits. Physik, 35:743--747 (1926) / 134 \\
Nuclear Physics \\
Introduction by Maurice Goldhaber / 139 \\
``Chemical Separation of the Radioactive Element from
its Bombarded Isotope in the Fermi Effect.'' Leo
Szilard and T. A. Chalmers. Nature, 134:462 (1934)
(Letter) / 143 \\
``Detection of Neutrons Liberated from Beryllium by
Gamma Rays: A New Technique for Inducing
Radioactivity.'' Leo Szilard and T. A. Chalmers.
Nature, 134 :494-495 (1934) (Letter) / 145 \\
``Liberation of Neutrons from Beryllium by X-Rays:
Radioactivity Induced by Means of Electron Tubes.'' A.
Brasch, F. Lange, A. Waly, T. E. Banks, T. A. Chalmers,
Leo Szilard and F. L. Hopwood. Nature, 134 :880 (1934)
(Letter) / 147 \\
``Radioactivity Induced by Neutrons.'' Leo Szilard and
T. A. Chalmers. Nature, 135:98 (1935) (Letter) / 149
\\
``Absorption of Residual Neutrons.'' Nature,
136:950-951 (1935) (Letter) / 150 \\
``Gamma Rays Excited by Capture of Neutrons.'' J. H. E.
Griffiths and Leo Szilard. Nature, 139: 323--324 (1937)
(Letter) / 153 \\
``Radioactivity Induced by Nuclear Excitation: I.
Excitation by Neutrons.'' M. Goldhaber, R. D. Hill and
Leo Szilard. Phys. Rev., 55:47-49 (1939) / 155 \\
``Instantaneous Emission of Fast Neutrons in the
Interaction of Slow Neutrons with Uranium.'' Leo
Szilard and Walter H. Zinn. Phys. Rev., 55:799--800
(1939) (Letter) / 158 \\
``Neutron Production and Absorption in Uranium.'' H. L.
Anderson, E. Fermi and Leo Szilard. Phys. Rev.,
56:284-286 (1939) / 160 \\
``Emission of Neutrons by Uranium.'' W. H. Zinn and Leo
Szilard. Phys. Rev., 56: 619-624 ( 1939) / 163 \\
Part III: Documents relating to the Manhattan Project
(1940--1945) \\
Introduction by Bernard T. Feld / 171 \\
* ``Creative Intelligence and Society: The Case of
Atomic Research, the Background in Fundamental
Science.'' Public Lecture by Leo Szilard, University of
Chicago (July 31, 1946) / 178 \\
Correspondence and Memoranda \\
Szilard Letter to Eugene P. Wigner (February 1, 1956) /
190 \\
Szilard--Fermi Correspondence, Five Letters (July 1939)
/ 193 \\
Einstein Letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt
(August 2, 1939) / 199 \\
Szilard Memorandum Attached to Albert Einstein's Letter
to the President (August 15, 1939) / 201 \\
Szilard Memorandum to Lyman J. Briggs (October 26,
1939) / 204 \\
Szilard Letter to John T. Tate (February 6, 1940) with
Initial Version of ``Divergent Chain Reaction in
Systems Composed of Uranium and Carbon.'' / 207 \\
Szilard Letter to Gregory Breit (July 30, 1941) with
``Background of the Paper 'Divergent Chain Reaction in
Systems Composed of Uranium and Carbon'.'' / 211 \\
Declassified Papers and Reports \\
Physics \\
* ``Divergent Chain Reactions in Systems Composed of
Uranium and Carbon.'' Submitted to the Physical Review,
February 1940, but publication withheld at the author's
request. Report A-55, the Uranium Committee,
declassified in November 1946 as MDDC-446 (1940), with
additions and revisions / 216 \\
* ``Preliminary Report on Inelastic Collision of
Neutrons in Uranium and other Heavy Elements.'' L.
Szilard and W. H. Zinn. Report CP-285 (December 12,
1941) / 262 \\
* ``Preliminary Report on Fission caused by Fission
Neutrons.'' J. Marshall, Jr. and L. Szilard. Report
CP-316 (November 14, 1941) / 266 \\
* ``Preliminary Report on the Capture of Neutrons by
Uranium in the Energy Region of Photo Neutrons from
Radium--Beryllium Sources.'' J. Marshall, Jr. and L.
Szilard. Report CP-317 (December 5, 1941) / 276 \\
* ``Memorandum on the Critical Condition for a Fast
Neutron Chain Reaction Inside a Spherical Shell of
Uranium Metal.'' Bernard T. Feld and Leo Szilard.
Report CF-338 (Columbia University) (December 26, 1941)
/ 280 \\
* ``Approximate Boundary Conditions for Diffusion
Equation at Interface Between Two Media.'' L. Szilard,
A. M. Weinberg, E. P. Wigner and R. F. Christy. Report
CP-189 (July 10, 1942) / 288 \\
* ``Preliminary Comparison of Radon--Boron and Ra+ Be
Neutron Sources.'' J. Ashkin, S. Bernstein, B. Feld, H.
Kubitschek and L. Szilard. Report CP-412 (January 19,
1943) / 292 \\
* ``Neutron Emission in Fission of U238'' L. Szilard,
B. Feld, J. Ashkin, S. Bernstein, L. Creutz, J. Kelsner
and R. Scalettar. Report CF-1177 (December 29, 1943) /
295 \\
* ``Inelastic Scattering of Fast Neutrons.'' S.
Bernstein, B. T. Feld and L. Szilard. Report MDDC-1292
(date unknown) / 321 \\
``Inelastic Scattering of Fe, Pb, and Bi.'' L. Szilard,
S. Bernstein, B. Feld and J. Ashkin. Report MDDC-1536
(early 1943) (Published after declassification in Phys.
Rev., 73: 1307, 1948) / 323 \\
``Use of Threshold Detectors for Fast Neutron
Studies.'' Bernard T. Feld. R. Scalettar and L.
Szilard. Report MDDC-897 (date unknown) Published after
declassification in Phys. Rev., 71 :464 (1947) / 328
\\
Metallurgy and Engineering \\
* ``Preliminary Report on the Melting of Uranium
Powder.'' Report A-24 (August 16, 1941) / 329 \\
* ``On the Cooling of the Power Plant.'' Report C-130
(June 15, 1942), with additions: Report C-146 (June 24,
1942) and Report C-150 (June 29, 1942) / 332 \\
* ``Examples for Pressure Drop Calculations in Parallel
Flow Helium Cooling.'' B. T. Feld and L. Szilard.
Report CP-308(June 18, 1942) / 346 \\
* ``A Magnetic Pump for Liquid Bismuth.'' B. Feld and
L. Szilard. Report CE-279 (July 14, 1942) / 351 \\
* ``Short Memorandum on Bismuth Cooled Power Unit.''
Report CP-360 (November 23, 1942) / 359 \\
* ``Liquid Metal Cooled Fast Neutron Breeder.'' Report
MUC-LS-60 (March 6, 1945) / 369 \\
List of Other Declassified Reports available from
Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) or National Technical
Information Service (NTIS) but not reproduced in this
volume / 376 \\
Appendix to Part III \\
Reproductions from Notebooks / 378 \\
Clipping from New York Times on issue of First Nuclear
Reactor Patent (May 19. 1955) / 386 \\
Part IV: Published Papers in Biology (1949--1964) \\
Introduction by Aaron Novick / 389 \\
``Experiments on Light-Reactivation of Ultra-violet
Inactivated Bacteria.'' A. Novick and Leo Szilard.
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 35:591-600 (1949) / 393 \\
``Description of the Chemostat.'' Aaron Novick and Leo
Szilard. Science, 112 :715--716 (1950) / 403 \\
``Experiments with the Chemostat on Spontaneous
Mutations of Bacteria.'' Aaron Novick and Leo Szilard.
Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 36:708--719 (1950) / 405 \\
``Virus Strains of Identical Phenotype but Different
Genotype.'' Aaron Novick and Leo Szilard. Science,
113:34-35 (1951) / 417 \\
``Genetic Mechanisms in Bacteria and Bacterial Viruses,
I: Experiments on Spontaneous and Chemically Induced
Mutations of Bacteria Growing in the Chemostat.'' Aaron
Novick and Leo Szilard. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant.
Biol., 16:337--343 (1951) / 418 \\
``Anti-Mutagens.'' Aaron Novick and Leo Szilard.
Nature, 170 :926-927 (1952) (Letter) / 425 \\
``II. Experiments with the Chemostat on the Rates of
Amino Acid Synthesis in Bacteria.'' Aaron Novick and
Leo Szilard. Papers presented at the 11th Symposium of
the Society for the Study of Development and Growth,
published in Dynamics of Growth Processes, Princeton
University Press, Princeton, NJ (1954), pp. 21--32 /
429 \\
``A Device for Growing Bacterial Populations Under
Steady State Conditions.'' Maurice S. Fox and Leo
Szilard. Journal of General Physiology, 39:261--266
(1955) / 441 \\
``On the Nature of the Aging Process.'' Proc. Nat.
Acad. Sci., 45: 30-45 (1959) / 447 \\
``A Theory of Aging.'' Nature, 184: 957--958 (1959)
(Letter) / 463 \\
``The Control of the Formation of Specific Proteins in
Bacteria and in Animal Cells.'' Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.,
46: 277--292 (1960) / 469 \\
``The Molecular Basis of Antibody Formation.'' Proc.
Nat. Acad. Sci. 46 :293--302 (1960). 485 \\
``Dependence of the Sex Ratio at Birth on the Age of
the Father.'' Nature, 186:649--650 (1960) (Letter) /
495 \\
``On Memory and Recall.'' Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., SJ:
1092--1099 (1964) / 497 \\
Appendix to Part IV \\
* Memorandum to Cass Canfield by William Doering and
Leo Szilard (January 11, 1957). ``A Proposal to create
two interdependent research institutes operating in the
general area of public health, designated as: 'Research
Institute for Fundamental Biology and Public Health'
and 'Institute for Problem Studies'.'' / 505 \\
Part V: Patents, Patent Applications, and Disclosures
(1923--1959) \\
Introduction by Julius Tabin / 527 \\
Selected Patents and Patent Applications \\
``Verfahren zum Gie{\ss}en von Metallen in Formen unter
Anwendung elektrischer Str{\"o}me.'' German Patent No.
476,812 (filed January 20, 1926, issued May 8, 1929) /
532 \\
``Electrodynamic Movement of Fluid Metals particularly
for Refrigerating Machines.'' Leo Szilard and Albert
Einstein. British Patent No. 303,065 (filed December
24, 1928, issued May 26, 1930) / 540 \\
* ``Beschleunigung von Korpuskeln.'' German Application
S.89 028 (filed December 17, 1928) with Szilard's
Description / 543 \\
* ``Korpuskularstrahlrohre.'' German Application S.89
288 (filed January 5, 1929) / 554 \\
* ``Asynchronous and Synchronous Transformers for
Particles.'' British Application 5730/34 (filed
February 21, 1934) / 564 \\
* ``Transmutation of Chemical Elements.'' British
Application 7840/34 (filed March 12, 1934) / 605 \\
``Improvements in or Relating to the Transmutation of
Chemical Elements.'' British Patent 440,023 (filed
March 12, 1934, issued December 12, 1935) / 622 \\
``Improvements in or Relating to the Transmutation of
Chemical Elements.'' British Patent 630,726
(Application filed June 28, 1934. Accepted March 30, /
1936 \\
but withheld from publication until September 28, 1949)
/ 639 \\
* ``Apparatus for Nuclear Transmutation.'' U.S. Patent
Application 263,017 (filed March 20, 1939) / 652 \\
``Neutronic Reactor.'' Enrico Fermi and Leo Szilard.
U.S. Patent 2,708,656 (filed December 19, 1944, issued
May 17, 1955) / 691 \\
Lists of Patents and Disclosures \\
List of Published Patents / 697 \\
List of Known Patent Applications That Did Not Issue
into Patents / 722 \\
List of Known Disclosures in Szilard Files / 724 \\
Correspondence Relating to Patents \\
Szilard Letter to O. S. [editors: probably Otto Stern]
(Translation) (Undated) / 728 \\
Szilard Letter to Fermi (March 13, 1936) / 729 \\
Szilard letter to Segr{\`e} (April 1, 1936) / 731 \\
Szilard letter to C. S. Wright, British Admiralty, with
Introductory Note (February 26, 1936) / 733 \\
Name Index / 735",
}
@Book{Bronowski:1973:AM,
author = "Jacob Bronowski",
booktitle = "The Ascent of Man",
title = "The Ascent of Man",
publisher = "British Broadcasting Corporation",
address = "London, UK",
pages = "448",
year = "1973",
ISBN = "0-563-10498-8",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-563-10498-8",
LCCN = "Q175 .B7918 1973; CB151",
bibdate = "Tue May 19 05:31:57 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/born-max.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
abstract = "Based on the BBC television series.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1908--1974",
subject = "Science; Philosophy; History; Human beings",
tableofcontents = "Foreword / 13 \\
1: Lower than the Angels / 19 \\
Animal adaptation \\
The human alternative \\
Beginning in Africa \\
Fossil evidence \\
The gift of foresight \\
Evolution of the head \\
The mosaic of man \\
The cultures of the hunter \\
Across the ice ages \\
Transhumance cultures: the Lapps \\
Imagination in cave art \\
2: The Harvest of the Seasons / 59 \\
The pace of cultural evolution \\
Nomad cultures: the Bakhtiari \\
Beginnings of agriculture: wheat \\
Jericho \\
Earthquake country \\
Technology in the village \\
The wheel \\
Domestication of animals: the horse \\
War games: Buz Kashi \\
Settled civilisation \\
3: The Grain in the Stone / 91 \\
Coming to the New World \\
Blood group evidence of migrations \\
The actions of shaping and splitting \\
Structure and hierarchy \\
The city: Machu Picchu \\
Straight-edge architecture: Paestum \\
The Roman arch: Segovia \\
The Gothic adventure; Rheims \\
Science as architecture \\
The hidden figure: Michelangelo to Moore \\
Pleasure in construction \\
Below the visible \\
4: The Hidden Structure / 123 \\
Fire, the transforming element \\
Extraction of metals: copper \\
The structure of alloys \\
Bronze as a work of art \\
Iron to steel: the Japanese sword \\
Gold \\
The incorruptible \\
Alchemical theory of man and nature \\
Paracelsus and the coming of chemistry \\
Fire and air: Joseph Priestley \\
Antoine Lavoisier: combination can be quantified \\
John Dalton's atomic theory \\
5: The Music of the Spheres / 155 \\
The language of numbers \\
The key to harmony: Pythagoras \\
The right-angled triangle \\
Euclid and Ptolemy at Alexandria \\
Rise of Islam \\
Arabic numbers \\
The Alhambra: patterns of space Crystal symmetries \\
Perspective from Alhazen \\
Movement in time, the new dynamic \\
The mathematics of change \\
6: The Starry Messenger / 189 \\
The cycle of seasons \\
The unmapped sky: Easter Island \\
Ptolemy's system in the Dondi Clock \\
Copernicus: the sun as centre \\
The telescope \\
Galileo opens the scientific method \\
Prohibition of the Copernican system \\
Dialogue on the two systems \\
The Inquisition \\
Galileo recants \\
The Scientific Revolution moves north \\
7: The Majestic Clockwork / 221 \\
Kepler's laws \\
The centre of the world \\
Isaac Newton's innovations: fluxions \\
Unfolding the spectrum \\
Gravitation and the Principia \\
The intellectual dictator \\
Challenge in satire \\
Newton's absolute space \\
Absolute time \\
Albert Einstein \\
The traveller carries his own space and time \\
Relativity is proved \\
The new philosophy / 5 \\
8: The Drive for Power / 259 \\
English revolution \\
Everyday technology: James Brindley \\
The revolt against privilege: Figaro \\
Benjamin Franklin and the American revolution \\
The new men: masters of iron \\
The outlook: Wedgwood and the Lunar society \\
The driving factory \\
The new preoccupation: energy \\
The cornucopia of invention \\
The unity of nature \\
9: The Ladder of Creation / 291 \\
The naturalists \\
Charles Darwin \\
Alfred Wallace \\
Impact of South America \\
The wealth of species \\
Wallace loses his collection \\
Natural selection conceived \\
The continuity of evolution \\
Louis Pasteur: right hand, left hand \\
Chemical constants in evolution \\
The origin of life \\
The bases \\
Are other forms of life possible? \\
10: World Within World / 321 \\
The cube of salt \\
Its elements \\
Mendeleev's game of patience \\
The periodic table \\
J. J. Thomson: the atom has parts \\
Structure in new art \\
Structure in the atom: Rutherford and Niels Bohr \\
The life cycle of a theory \\
The nucleus has parts \\
The neutron: Chadwick and Fermi \\
Evolution of the elements \\
The second law as statistics \\
Stratified stability \\
Copying the physics of nature \\
Ludwig Boltzmann: atoms are real \\
11: Knowledge or Certainty / 353 \\
There is no absolute knowledge \\
The spectrum of invisible radiations \\
The refinement of detail \\
Gauss and the idea of uncertainty \\
The sub-structure of reality: Max Born \\
Heisenberg's Principle of Uncertainty \\
The principle of tolerance: Leo Szilard \\
Science is human \\
12: Generation upon Generation / 379 \\
The voice of insurrection \\
The kitchen garden naturalist: Gregor Mendel \\
Genetics of the pea \\
Instant oblivion \\
An all-or-nothing model of inheritance \\
The magic number two: sex \\
Crick and Watson's model of DNA \\
Replication and growth \\
Cloning of identical forms \\
Sexual choice in human diversity \\
13: The Long Childhood / 411 \\
Man, the social solitary \\
Human specificity \\
Specific development of the brain \\
Precision of the hand \\
The speech areas \\
The postponement of decision \\
The mind as an instrument of preparation \\
The democracy of the intellect \\
The moral imagination \\
The brain and the computer: John von Neumann \\
The strategy of values \\
Knowledge is our destiny \\
The commitment of man \\
Bibliography / 440 \\
Index / 443",
}
@Book{Blumberg:1976:ECL,
author = "Stanley A. Blumberg and Gwinn Owens",
booktitle = "Energy and conflict: the life and times of {Edward
Teller}",
title = "Energy and conflict: the life and times of {Edward
Teller}",
publisher = pub-PUTNAM,
address = pub-PUTNAM:adr,
pages = "xvii + 492 + 4",
year = "1976",
ISBN = "0-399-11551-X",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-399-11551-6",
LCCN = "QC16.T37 B58 1976",
bibdate = "Thu Oct 6 06:57:45 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
price = "US\$12.95",
URL = "http://alsos.wlu.edu/information.aspx?id=367",
abstract = "In this 1976 biography of Edward Teller, father of the
hydrogen bomb, the authors present exclusive
interviews, memorabilia, and photos provided by Teller.
The book does not focus on one era of Teller's life,
but delves into each stage of his life and career. The
controversial Teller spearheaded America's effort to
build the hydrogen bomb, and then testified against
Robert Oppenheimer in his security clearance trial. The
book explains his early persecution by the Hungarian
communists, then the Nazis in Germany. His role in the
Manhattan Project is described in detail. Also
portrayed is the development of the H-bomb, including
descriptions of its evolving design. Teller's life
after the H-bomb is shown to a limited extent, with
government surveillance of his activities and his
despair over the limited test ban treaty as two of the
highlights. The book offers a detailed and
comprehensive view of Edward Teller. Though objective,
the biography emphasizes the interviews with Teller and
does not always fully treat the opinions of his
critics.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Teller, Edward",
subject-dates = "1908--2003",
tableofcontents = "Acknowledgments / ix \\
Introduction / xiii \\
1. The Russians Are Coming / 1 \\
2. Birth and Death of a Golden Age / 28 \\
3. The Quantum Jump / 51 \\
4. The Garfield Street Gang / 64 \\
5. Duty Whispers Low / 79 \\
6. Prospects of Doomsday / 102 \\
7. Rebel on the Assembly Line / 124 \\
8. Woe Without Warning / 142 \\
9. Flashback to Budapest / 164 \\
10. Deuterium, Tritium, and Politics / 184 \\
11. The Capture of Washington / 213 \\
12. Fusion and Confusion / 232 \\
13. Racing Through the Fog / 263 \\
14. Background for a Tragedy / 299 \\
15. The Oppenheimer Noose / 321 \\
i6. The Witness / 342 \\
17. The Years of the Black Bugs / 364 \\
i8. The Era of the Falling Out / 381 \\
19. There Is No Peace / 415 \\
Appendix I: What I Did in Los Alamos in World War II
[letter from Edward Teller] / 453 \\
Appendix II: Petition Circulated by Leo Szilard to
Oppose U.S. Use of Atomic Bomb Against Japan, July 17,
1945 / 459 \\
Notes / 461 \\
Index / 479",
}
@Book{Weart:1978:LSH,
editor = "Spencer R. Weart and Gertrud Weiss Szilard",
booktitle = "{Leo Szilard}, his version of the facts: selected
recollections and correspondence",
title = "{Leo Szilard}, his version of the facts: selected
recollections and correspondence",
volume = "2",
publisher = pub-MIT,
address = pub-MIT:adr,
pages = "xxii + 244",
year = "1978",
ISBN = "0-262-19168-7 (hardcover)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-262-19168-5 (hardcover)",
LCCN = "QC3 .S97 vol. 2; QC16.S95",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
series = "The Collected works of Leo Szilard",
abstract = "This book is a collection of documents, letters, and
memoranda about atomic energy written by Leo Szilard.
The documents, presented in English in chronological
order, show the birth and growth of the atomic age from
the perspective of the man who first conceived of how
to construct an A-bomb. The book is a window into the
written thoughts and deeds of an atomic pioneer and a
highly opinionated individual. It reveals Szilard's
passionate efforts to beat the Nazis in the race for
the atomic bomb, followed an equally passionate effort
to prevent atomic attacks against Japan in August of
1945. Szilard's ideas for an elite international
organization for peace called Der Bund are presented in
a draft proposal for the organization. The documents
give an account not only of Szilard's life, but an
expert's view on the early stages of atomic
development.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
listofdocuments = "1 Draft of Proposal for a New Organization Called
``Der Bund'' (about 1930) / / 23 \\
2 Letter to Sir William Beveridge (May 4, 1933) / 30
\\
3 Letter to Dr. D. (May 7, 1933) / 32 \\
4 Letter to Unknown Addressee (August 11, 1933) / 34
\\
5 Letter to Lady Murray (April 24, 1934) with
Attachment ``Draft of Memorandum on the Sino--Japanese
War'' / 36 \\
6 Letter to Sir Hugo [Hirst] (March 17, 1934) / 38 \\
7 Memorandum of Possible Industrial Applications
Arising out of a New Branch of Physics (July 28, 1934)
/ 39 \\
8 Letter from M. Polanyi (November 11, 1934) / 40 \\
9 Letter to F. A. Lindemann (June 3, 1935) / 41 \\
10 Letter from M. Polanyi (June 28, 1935) / 43 \\
11 Letter to M. Polanyi from Ch. Weizmann (July 5,
1935) / 43 \\
12 Letter from Maurice Goldhaber (March 18, 1936) / 44
\\
13 Letter to Niels Bohr (March 26, 1936) / 44 \\
14 Letter to Lord Rutherford (May 27, 1936) / 45 \\
15 Letter to J. Cockcroft (May 27, 1936) / 46 \\
16 Cable to F. A. Lindemann (October, 1938) / 48 \\
17 Letter to J. Tuck (October 21, 1938) / 48 \\
18 Letter to F. A. Lindemann (January 13, 1939) / 50
\\
19 Letter to Director of Navy Contracts (December 21,
1938) / 60 \\
20 Cable to Director of Navy Contracts (January 26,
1939) / 60 \\
21 Letter to Director of Navy Contracts (February 2,
1939) / 61 \\
22 Letter to Lewis Strauss (January 25, 1939) / 62 \\
23 Cable from F. A. Lindemann (February 3, 1939) / 63
\\
24 Letter to Lewis Strauss (February 13, 1939) / 63 \\
25 Letter from R. B. Kearney, Sales Manager, Radium
Chemical Company (February 14, 1939) / 65 \\
26 Letter from Edward Teller (about February 17, 1939)
/ 66 \\
27 Letter to M. Tuve (March 22, I 939) / 67 \\
28 Letter from M. Tuve (March 27, 1939) / 68 \\
29 Letter to F. Joliot (February 2, 1939) / 69 \\
30 Cable to Lewis Strauss (February 19, 1939) / 70 \\
31 Cable to P. M. S. Blackett from V. Weisskopf (March
31, 1939) / 70 \\
32 Cable to H. von Halban from V. Weisskopf (March 31,
1939) / 71 \\
33 Letter to P. Dirac from E. Wigner (March 30, 1939) /
71 \\
34 Letter to P. M. S. Blackett from V. Weisskopf (about
April 1, 1939) / 72 \\
35 Cable from F. Joliot, H. von Halban, L. Kowarski
(April 5, 1939) / 73 \\
36 Cable to F. Joliot (April 6, 1939) / 73 \\
37 Letter to F. Joliot (April 7, 1939) / 74 \\
38 Cable from F. Joliot (April 6, 1939) / 74 \\
39 Cable to V. Weisskopf from P. M. S. Blackett (April
8, 1939) / 74 \\
40 Letter to Lewis Strauss (April 11, 1939) / 74 \\
41 Letter from M. Goldhaber (April 12, 1939) / 75 \\
42 Cable to P. M. S. Blackett (April 14, 1939) / 76 \\
43 Letter to P. M. S. Blackett (April 14, 1939) / 77
\\
44 Letter to Lewis Strauss (April 14, 1939) / 77 \\
45 Letter from Lewis Strauss (April 17, 1939) / 78 \\
46 Cable to F. Joliot (about April 14, 1939) / 78 \\
47 Letter from F. Joliot (April 19, 1939) / 78 \\
48 Letter to F. Joliot (July 5, 1939) / 80 \\
49 Letter from E. Wigner (April 17, 1939) / 87 \\
50 Letter to E. Wigner (May 21, 1939) / 87 \\
51 Letter to Lewis Strauss (July 3, 1939) / 88 \\
52 Letter from Ross Gunn (July 10, 1939) / 89 \\
53 Letter to A. Einstein (July 19, 1939) / 90 \\
54 Letter to A. Einstein (August 2, 1939) / 92 \\
55 Letter to President Roosevelt from A. Einstein
(August 2, 1939) / 94 \\
56 Letter to A. Einstein (August 9, 1939) / 96 \\
57 Letter to E. Wigner (August 9, 1939) / 97 \\
58 Letter to A. Sachs (August 15, 1939) / 97 \\
59 Letter to Colonel Lindbergh (August 16, 1939) / 99
\\
60 Letter to A. Einstein (September 27, 1939) / 100 \\
61 Letter to A. Einstein (October 3, 1939) / 101 \\
62 Letter to Gano Dunn (September 13, 1939) / 102 \\
63 Letter from E. Wigner (September 26, 1939) / 103 \\
64 Letter to President Roosevelt from A. Sachs (October
11, 1939) / 104 \\
65 Letter to W. F. Barrett, Vice-President, Union
Carbide and Carbon Corp., with Enclosure (October 18,
1939) / 106 \\
66 Letter to A. Einstein (October 17, 1939) / 107 \\
67 Letter to G. B. Pegram (October 21, 1939) / 109 \\
68 Letter to Lyman J. Briggs (October 26, 1939) / 110
\\
69 Letter to A. Sachs (November 5, 1939) / 112 \\
70 Letter to B. Liebowitz (December 4, 1939) / 113 \\
71 Letter to John T. Tate (February 14, 1940) / 118 \\
72 Letter to John T. Tate (April 5, 1940) / 118 \\
73 Letter to F. Joliot (April 12, 1940) / 119 \\
74 Letter to A. Einstein (March 7, 1940) / 119 \\
75 Letter to A. Sachs from A. Einstein (March 7, 1940)
/ 120 \\
76 Letter to President Roosevelt from A. Sachs (March
15, 1940) / 121 \\
77 Letter to A. Sachs from President Roosevelt (April
5, 1940) / 122 \\
78 Letter to A. Sachs (April 22, 1940) with Memorandum
/ 123 \\
79 Letter to Lyman J. Briggs from A. Einstein (April
25, 1940) / 125 \\
80 Letter from Louis A. Turner (May 27, 1940) / 126 \\
81 Letter to Louis A. Turner (May 30, 1940) / 127 \\
82 Memorandum for H. Urey (May 30, 1940) / 129 \\
83 Memorandum for A. Sachs (undated) / 131 \\
84 Letter from Louis A. Turner (June I, 1940) / 132 \\
85 Letter from G. Breit (June 5, 1940) / 133 \\
86 Letter to E. Fermi (July 4, 1940) / 133 \\
87 Letter to G. Breit (July 6, 1940) / 135 \\
88 Letter to E. Wigner (July 6, 1940) / 136 \\
89 Letter to A. Sachs (August 28, 1940) with Draft of
Memorandum (August 27, 1940) / 137 \\
90 Letter to G. B. Pegram (about October 1940) / 139
\\
91 Letter to V. C. Hamister, National Carbon Company
(December 16, 1940) / 150 \\
92 Letter to H. D. Batchelor, National Carbon Company
(February 7, 1941) / 150 \\
93 Letter to V. Bush (May 26, 1942) / 151 \\
94 Letter from V. Bush (June 1, 1942) / 153 \\
95 ``What is Wrong with Us?'' (September 21, 1942) /
153 \\
96 Memorandum to A. H. Compton on
``Compartmentalization of Information and the Effect of
Impurities of 49'' (November 25, 1942) / 160 \\
97 Letter to V. Bush (January 14, 1944) / 161 \\
98 ``Proposed Conversation with Bush,'' Parts I--IV
(February 28, 1944) / 164 \\
99 Memorandum (August 10, 1944) / 189 \\
100 Letter to Lord Cherwell (August 18, 1944) / 192 \\
101 ``Atomic Bombs and the Postwar Position of the
United States in the World'' (Spring, 1945) / 196 \\
102 Letter to President Roosevelt from A. Einstein with
Enclosure by Szilard (March 25, 1945) / 205 \\
103 Letter to President Truman (May 25, 1945) / 208 \\
104 Letter from E. Teller (July 2, 1945) / 208 \\
105 Letter to Group Leaders of the Metallurgical
Laboratory (July 4, 1945) / 209 \\
106 Reply by Group Leaders of the Metallurgical
Laboratory (July 13, 1945) / 210 \\
107 A Petition to the President of the United States
(July 17, 1945) / 211 \\
108 Letter to E. Creutz (July 10, 1945) / 212 \\
109 Letter to E. Wigner (July 7, 1945) / 213 \\
110 Letter to A. H. Compton (July 19, 1945) / 214 \\
111 Memorandum to Colonel K. D. Nichols from A. H.
Compton (July 24, 1945) / 214 \\
112 Letter to Matthew J. Connelly (August 17, 1945) /
215 \\
113 Cable from Matthew J. Connelly (August 25, 1945) /
216 \\
114 Letter from James S. Murray, Captain, Corps of
Engineers (August 27, 1945) / 216 \\
115 Letter from James S. Murray (August 28, 1945) / 219
\\
116 Letter to R. M. Hutchins (August 29, 1945) / 220
\\
117 Letter to Alfred W. Painter (August 11, 1945) / 230
\\
118 Proposed Petition to the President of the United
States (August 13, 1945) / 231 \\
119 Draft of a Platform for Conversations with Congress
(September 7, 1945) / 231 \\
120 Address to the Atomic Energy Control Conference,
University of Chicago (September 21, 1945) / 233 \\
121 Letter to William Benton (October 5, 1945) / 235
\\
122 Cable from William Benton to James B. Conant
(December 22, 1945) / 237",
subject = "Szilard, Leo; Physicists; United States;
Correspondence; Interviews; Biography",
tableofcontents = "List of Documents / xi \\
Preface / xvii \\
Acknowledgments / xix \\
Note on the Text / xxi \\
Chapter I: You don't have to be much cleverer, you just
have to be one day earlier \\
Recollections / 3 \\
Documents through January 1939 / 22 \\
Chapter II: There was very little doubt in my mind that
the world was headed for grief \\
Recollections / 53 \\
Documents from December 1938 through July 1939 / 60 \\
Chapter III: Sir: Some recent work by E. Fermi and L.
Szilard \ldots{} leads me to expect \ldots{} Yours very
truly, A. Einstein \\
Recollections / 81 \\
Documents from April 1939 through December 1939 / 87
\\
Chapter IV: From that point on secrecy was on \\
Recollections / 115 \\
Documents from February 1940 through October 1940 / 118
\\
Chapter V: Somehow we did not seem to get the things
done which needed to be done \\
Recollections / 143 \\
Documents from December 1940 through February 1944 /
150 \\
Chapter VI: Some of us began to think about the wisdom
of testing bombs and using bombs \\
Recollections / 181 \\
Documents from August 1944 through August 1945 / 189
\\
Chapter VII: It was possible to tell people what we are
facing in this century \\
Recollections / 223 \\
Documents from August 1945 through December 1945 / 230
\\
Source Notes / 239 \\
Name Index / 241",
xxtableofcontents = "Volume 1. Scientific papers \\
Volume 2. Leo Szilard, his version of the facts \\
Volume 3. Toward a livable world \\
Volume 1. Biographical notes \\
Thermodynamics \\
On the extension of phenomenological thermodynamics to
fluctuation phenomena \\
On the decrease of entropy in a thermodynamic system by
the intervention of intelligent beings \\
Experimental work on X-rays in crystals \\
Nuclear physics \\
Chemical separation of the radioactive element from its
bombarded isotope in the Fermi effect \\
Detection of neutrons liberated from beryllium by gamma
rays: a new technique for inducing radioactivity \\
Liberation of neutrons from beryllium by X-rays:
radioactivity induced by means of electron tubes \\
Radioactivity induced by neutrons \\
Absorption of residual neutrons \\
Radioactivity induced by nuclear excitation: excitation
by neutrons \\
Instantaneous emission of fast neutrons in the
interaction of slow neutrons with uranium \\
Neutron production and absorption in uranium \\
Emission of neutrons by uranium \\
Documents relating to the Manhattan Project \\
Creative intelligence and society: the case of atomic
research, the background in fundamental science \\
Szilard letter to Eugene P. Wigner \\
Szilard--Fermi correspondence, five letters (July 1939)
\\
Einstein letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt
(August 2, 1939) \\
Szilard memorandum attached to Albert Einstein's letter
to the President (August 15, 1939) \\
Szilard memorandum to Lyman J. Briggs (October 26,
1939) \\
Szilard letter to John T. Tate (February 6, 1940) with
initial version of ``Divergent chain reaction in
systems composed of uranium and carbon'' \\
Szilard letter to Gregory Breit (July 30, 1941) with
``Background of the paper `Divergent chain reaction in
systems composed of uranium and carbon'\,'' \\
Declassified papers and reports \\
Divergent chain reaction in systems composed of uranium
and carbon \\
Preliminary report on inelastic collision of neutrons
in uranium and other heavy elements \\
Preliminary report on fission caused by fission
neutrons \\
Preliminary report on the capture of neutrons by
uranium in the energy region of photo neutrons from
radium-beryllium sources \\
Memorandum on the critical condition for a fast neutron
chain reaction inside a spherical shell of uranium
metal \\
Approximate boundary conditions for diffusion equation
at interface between two media \\
Preliminary comparison of radon-boron and Ra + Be
neutron sources \\
Neutron emission in fission of U238 \\
Inelastic scattering of fast neutrons \\
Inelastic scattering of Fe, Pb, and Bi \\
Use of threshold detectors for fast neutron studies \\
Preliminary report on the melting of uranium powder \\
On the cooling of the power plant \\
Examples for pressure drop calculations in parallel
flow helium cooling \\
A magnetic pump for liquid bismuth \\
Short memorandum on bismuth cooled power unit \\
Liquid metal cooled fast neutron breeder \\
Reproductions from notebooks \\
Clipping from New York times on issue of first nuclear
reactor patent (May 19, 1955) \\
Published papers in biology \\
Experiments on light-reactivation of ultra-violet
inactivated bacteria \\
Description of the chemostat \\
Experiments with the chemostat on spontaneous mutations
of bacteria \\
Virus strains of identical phenotype but different
genotype \\
Genetic mechanisms in bacteria and bacterial viruses:
experiments on spontaneous and chemically induced
mutations of bacteria growing in the chemostat \\
Anti-mutagens \\
Experiments with the chemostat on the rates of amino
acid synthesis in bacteria \\
A device for growing bacterial populations under steady
state conditions \\
On the nature of the aging process \\
A theory of aging \\
The control of the formation of specific proteins in
bacteria and in animal cells \\
the molecular basis of antibody formation \\
Dependence of the sex ratio at birth on the age of the
father \\
On memory and recall \\
Memorandum to Cass Canfield by William Doering and Leo
Szilard (January 11, 1957): a proposal to create two
interdependent research institutes operating in the
general area of public health designated as: `Research
Institute for Fundamental Biology and Public Health'
and `Institute for Problem Studies' \\
Patents, applications, and disclosures \\
Electrodynamic movement of fluid metals particularly
for refrigerating machines \\
Asynchronous and synchronous transformers for particles
\\
Transmutation of chemical elements \\
Improvements in or relating to the transmutation of
chemical elements \\
Apparatus for nuclear transmutation \\
Neutronic reactor \\
List of patents and disclosures \\
Correspondence relating to patents",
}
@Book{Asimov:1982:LSF,
author = "Isaac Asimov and J. O. Jeppson",
booktitle = "Laughing space: funny science fiction",
title = "Laughing space: funny science fiction",
publisher = "Houghton Mifflin",
address = "Boston, MA, USA",
pages = "xvi + 520",
year = "1982",
ISBN = "0-395-30519-5",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-395-30519-5",
LCCN = "PN6231.S42 L38",
bibdate = "Mon May 18 05:42:27 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
abstract = "An anthology of humorous science fiction in the form
of stories, poems, and cartoons.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "American wit and humor; Pictorial; Science fiction,
American",
tableofcontents = "Spaced Out / Russell Baker \\
The Coffin Cure / Alan E. Nourse \\
Silenzia / Alan Nelson \\
The Agony of Defeat / Jack C. Haldeman \\
The Snowball Effect / Katherine MacLean \\
Pate de Foie Gras / Isaac Asimov \\
The Available Data on the Worp Reaction / Lion Miller
\\
The Mathenauts / Norman Kagan \\
Coffee Break / D. F. Jones \\
Putzi / Ludwig Bemelmans \\
All Things Come to Those Who Weight / Robert Grossbach
\\
Derm Fool / Theodore Sturgeon \\
The Heart on the Other Side / George Gamow \\
Blackmail / Fred Hoyle \\
A Slight Miscalculation / Ben Bova \\
A Subway Named Mobius / A. J. Deutsch \\
A Sinister Metamorphosis / Russell Baker \\
Something Up There Likes Me / Alfred Bester \\
A Prize for Edie / J. F. Bone \\
Jury / Rig / Avram Davidson \\
Protection / Robert Sheckley \\
The Self / priming Solid / state Electronic Chicken /
Jon Lucas \\
The Night He Cried / Fritz Leiber \\
The Big Pat Boom / Damon Knight \\
The Adventure of the Solitary Engineer / John M. Ford
\\
Report on Grand Central Terminal / Leo Szilard \\
No Home / Like Place / Dian Girard \\
They'll Do It Every Time / Cam Thornley \\
Simworthy's Circus / Larry T. Shaw \\
A Growing Concern / Arnie Bateman \\
The Vilbar Party / Evelyn E. Smith \\
A Pestilence of Psychoanalysts / Janet O. Jeppson \\
Death Of A Foy / Isaac Asimov \\
The Merchant of Stratford / Frank Ramirez \\
The Wheel of Time / Robert Arthur \\
Quit Zoomin' Those Hands Through the Air / Jack Finney
\\
The Adventure of the Global Traveler / Anne Lear \\
Pebble in Time / Cynthia Goldstone and Avram Davidson
\\
Ahead of the Joneses / Al Sarrantonio \\
The Pinch / Hitters / George Alec Effinger \\
The Stunning Science Fiction Caper / Gerald Macdow \\
I Claude / Charles Beaumont and Chad Oliver \\
Out of Control / Raylyn Moore \\
Slush / K. J. Snow \\
Judo and the Art of Self / Government / Kevin
O'Donnell, Jr. \\
Lulu / Clifford D. Simak \\
The Splendid Source / Richard Matheson \\
MS. Found in a Chinese Fortune Cookie / C. M. Kornbluth
\\
The Several Murders of Roger Ackroyd / Barry N.
Malzberg \\
The Critique of Impure Reason / Poul Anderson \\
One Rejection Too Many / Patricia Nurse \\
Bug / Getter / Reginald Bretnor \\
The Last Gothic / Jon L. Breen \\
A Benefactor of Humanity / James T. Farrell \\
The Silver Eggheads / Fritz Leiber \\
Dry Spell / Bill Pronzini \\
MS Fnd in a Lbry / Hal Draper",
}
@Book{Weart:1985:HP,
editor = "Spencer R. Weart and Melba Phillips",
booktitle = "History of physics",
title = "History of physics",
volume = "2",
publisher = pub-AIP,
address = pub-AIP:adr,
pages = "375",
year = "1985",
ISBN = "0-88318-468-0 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-88318-468-4 (paperback)",
LCCN = "QC7 .H694 1985",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 4 18:34:44 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/g/gamow-george.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/planck-max.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/schroedinger-erwin.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/slater-john-clarke.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
series = "Readings from \booktitle{Physics Today}",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Physics; History; Sources",
tableofcontents = "1 / CHAPTER 1: BEFORE OUR TIMES \\
2 / The prehistory of solid-state physics / Cyril
Stanley Smith \\
12 / Franklin's Physics / John L. Heilbron \\
18 / A sketch for a history of early thermodynamics /
E. Mendoza \\
25 / A sketch for a history of the kinetic theory of
gases / E. Mendoza \\
29 / Rowland's physics / John D. Miller \\
36 / Michelson and his interferometer / Robert S.
Shankland \\
42 / Poincare and cosmic evolution / Stephen G. Brush
\\
50 / Steps toward the Hertzsprung--Russell Diagram //
David H. DeVorkin \\
59 / CHAPTER 2: INSTITUTIONS OF PHYSICS \\
61 / The roots of solid-state research at Bell Labs /
Lillian Hartmann Hoddeson \\
68 / Some personal experiences in the international
coordination of crystal diffractometry / P. P. Ewald
\\
74 / The founding of the American Institute of Physics
/ Karl T. Compton \\
78 / The first fifty years of the AAPT / Melba Phillips
\\
86 / The giant cancer tube and the Kellogg Radiation
Laboratory / Charles H. Holbrow \\
94 / The evolution of the Office of Naval Research /
The Bird Dogs \\
101 / CHAPTER 3: SOCIAL CONTEXT \\
103 / Nagaoka to Rutherford, 22 February 1911 /
Lawrence Badash \\
108 / American physics and the origins of electrical
engineering / Robert Rosenberg \\
115 / Physics in the Great Depression / Charles Weiner
\\
123 / Scientists with a secret / Spencer R. Weart \\
130 / Some thoughts on science in the Federal
government / Edward U. Condon \\
138 / Fifty years of physics education / A. P. French
\\
149 / Women in physics: unnecessary, injurious and out
of place? / Vera Kistiakowsky \\
159 / The last fifty years --- A revolution? / Spencer
R. Weart \\
171 / CHAPTER 4: BIOGRAPHY \\
173 / The two Ernests / Mark L. Oliphant \\
194 / Van Vleck and magnetism / Philip W. Anderson \\
198 / Alfred Lee Loomis --- last great amateur of
science / Luis W. Alvarez \\
208 / Harold Urey and the discovery of deuterium /
Ferdinand G. Brickwedde \\
214 / Pyotr Kapitza, octogenarian dissident / Grace
Marmor Spruch \\
221 / The young Oppenheimer: Letters and recollections
/ Alice Kimball Smith and Charles Weiner \\
228 / Maria Goeppert Mayer --- two-fold pioneer /
Robert G. Sachs \\
234 / Philip Morrison --- A profile / Anne Eisenberg
\\
241 / CHAPTER 5: PERSONAL ACCOUNTS \\
243 / How I created the theory of relativity / Albert
Einstein \\
246 / It might as well be spin / Samuel A. Goudsmit and
George E. Uhlenbeck \\
255 / History of the cyclotron. Part I / M. Stanley
Livingston \\
261 / History of the cyclotron. Part II / Edwin M.
McMillan \\
272 / The discovery of fission / Otto R. Frisch and
John A. Wheeler \\
282 / Physics at Columbia University / Enrico Fermi \\
287 / CHAPTER 6: PARTICLES AND QUANTA \\
289 / J. J. Thomson and the discovery of the electron /
George P. Thomson \\
294 / Thermodynamics and quanta in Planck's work /
Martin J. Klein \\
303 / J. J. Thomson and the Bohr atom / John L.
Heilbron \\
310 / Sixty years of quantum physics / Edward U. Condon
\\
319 / Heisenberg and the early days of quantum
mechanics / Felix Bloch \\
324 / Electron diffraction: Fifty years ago / Richard
K. Gehrenbeck \\
332 / 1932 --- Moving into the new physics / Charles
Weiner \\
340 / The idea of the neutrino / Laurie M. Brown \\ \\
346 / The birth of elementary-particle physics / Laurie
M. Brown and Lillian Hartmann Hoddeson \\
354 / The discovery of electron tunneling into
superconductors / Roland W. Schmitt \\
358 / The development of field theory in the last fifty
years / Victor F. Weisskopf",
}
@Book{Hawkins:1987:TLW,
author = "Helen S. Hawkins and G. Allen Greb and Gertrud Weiss
Szilard",
booktitle = "Toward a livable world: {Leo Szilard} and the crusade
for nuclear arms control",
title = "Toward a livable world: {Leo Szilard} and the crusade
for nuclear arms control",
volume = "3",
publisher = pub-MIT,
address = pub-MIT:adr,
pages = "lxxiv + 499",
year = "1987",
ISBN = "0-262-19260-8, 0-262-08162-8",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-262-19260-6, 978-0-262-08162-7",
LCCN = "QC3 .S97 vol. 3",
bibdate = "Thu Mar 29 18:56:51 MDT 2007",
bibsource = "http://alsos.wlu.edu/;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
series = "Collected works of Leo Szilard",
abstract = "This book, the third and final volume of the collected
works of physicist Leo Szilard, concerns his forceful
advocacy of nuclear arms control and world peace.
Szilard, who drafted Einstein's famous letter to
President Franklin D. Roosevelt and participated in the
Manhattan Project, also became one of the earliest
advocates of nuclear arms control. The book is
organized in seven parts starting with Szilard's first
public advocacy of arms control in 1947 until his death
in 1964. Each section has a general introduction and is
followed by documents, such as letters and articles,
written by Szilard on arms control issues. One section
is devoted to Szilard's contacts with Soviet leader
Nikita Khrushchev; another details his founding of and
work on The Council for a Livable World. The book also
contains a comprehensive introduction by Barton
Bernstein covering Szilard's life between 1945 and
1964. It provides excellent primary source material on
an important leader in the arms control and world peace
movements.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark-1 = "Szilard was the first scientist to figure out how an
atomic bomb could work.",
remark-2 = "From page 196: ``The main aim of the scientist is to
clarify. The main aim of the politician is to
persuade.''",
subject = "Nuclear disarmament; History; Nuclear
nonproliferation; Szilard, Leo",
tableofcontents = "Foreword by Norman Cousins / xi \\
Preface and Acknowledgments / xv \\
Introduction by Barton J. Bernstein / xvii \\
I Calling for a Crusade / 1 \\
1 ``Calling for a Crusade'' (April--May 1947) / 7 \\
2 Proposal for a Platform for the Atomic Scientists'
Movement, Princeton, New Jersey (November 28--30, 1947)
/ 21 \\
3 ``Letter to Stalin'' with ``Comment to the Editors''
(December 1947) / 26 \\
4 Letter to Robert M. Hutchins (April 26, 1948) / 35
\\
5 Draft of a Memorandum on World Government (February
21, 1949) / 38 \\
6 ``Notes to Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian
War'' (September 20, 1949) / 41 \\
II Nuclear Escalation / 45 \\
7 ``The Atlantic Community Faces the Bomb'' (Radio
Discussion, September 25, 1949) / 51 \\
8 ``Can We Have International Control of Atomic
Energy?'' (January 1950) / 64 \\
9 Draft of a Proposed Letter to Scientists (November 9,
1949) / 76 \\
10 Draft of an Article Concerning the Hydrogen Bomb
(February 1, 1950) / 79 \\
11 ``The Facts about the Hydrogen Bomb'' (Radio
Discussion, February 26, 1950) / 80 \\
12 Letter to the Editor of the New York Herald Tribune
(March 2, 1950) / 90 \\
13 Letter to Albert Einstein (February 24, 1950) / 93
\\
14 ``Memorandum on `Citizens' Committee'' (March 27,
1950) / 95 \\
15 Draft of a Letter to the Secretary of State
(September 8, 1950) / 103 \\
16 ``A Letter in the Open'' (Draft of an Article,
August 31, 1950) / 105 \\
17 ``Security and Arms Control'' (Radio Discussion,
July 16, 1950) / 114 \\
18 Draft of ``Negotiations from Strength'' (May 29,
1953) / 124 \\
19 ``Shall We Speak Up Now?'' (October 28, 1953) / 125
\\
20 ``Notes'' (October 30, 1953) / 127 \\
21 Draft of a Statement (1954) / 129 \\
22 Excerpts from a Letter to Edward Shils (July 24,
1954) / 130 \\
23 Letter to the Editor of The New York Times (February
2, 1955) / 132 \\
24 Letter from Albert Einstein to Prime Minister Nehru
with Accompanying Letter from Leo Szilard (April 6,
1955) / 135 \\
25 Memorandum to H. C. Urey (April 28, 1955) / 137 \\
26 Letter to Senator Hubert Humphrey (August 2, 1955) /
139 \\
27 Draft of a Letter to Lev Landau (December 1, 1955) /
141 \\
28 Draft of a Note (Summer 1956) / 144 \\
29 Draft of a Letter to the Editor of The New York
Times (Summer 1956) / 145 \\
30 Letter to Archibald Alexander (September 12, 1956) /
148 \\
III The Early Pugwash Period / 151 \\
31 Letter to Lord Bertrand Russell (May 23, 1957) / 157
\\
32 Draft of a Letter to the Bulletin of the Atomic
Scientists (August 15, 1957) 159 \\
33 Excerpt from ``This Version of the Facts'' / 166 \\
34 ``Proposal Concerning a Statement That Might Be
Issued to the Press at the Conclusion of the
Conference'' (July 7, 1957) / 170 \\
35 ``Statement by Leo Szilard'' (July 10, 1957) / 172
\\
36 ``Memorandum Based on a Meeting Held on the
Initiative of Bertrand Russell at Pugwash, Nova
Scotia'' (July 22, 1957) / 175 \\
37 Letter to A. V. Topchiev (July 31, 1957) / 187 \\
38 Letter to Joseph Rotblat (December 3, 1957) / 189
\\
39 Letter to the Editor of The Times of London (March
17, 1958) / 191 \\
40 Statement Made at the Second Pugwash Conference, Lac
Beauport (April 1, 1958) / 194 \\
41 Memorandum, Lac Beauport (April 6, 1958) / 196 \\
42 Remarks, Lac Beauport (April 8, 1958) / 199 \\
IV The Year in New York / 201 \\
43 ``How to Live with the Bomb and Survive: The
Possibility of a Pax Russo--Americana in the Long-Range
Rocket Stage of the So-Called Atomic Stalemate''
(February 1960) / 207 \\
44 Excerpts from the Transcript of the Szilard--Teller
Debate, ``The Nation's Future'' (NBC Television
Program, November 12, 1960) / 238 \\
V Contacts with Khrushchev / 251 \\
45 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (September 6, 1959) / 263
\\
46 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (June 27, 1960) / 264 \\
47 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (August 16, 1960) / 268
\\
48 Translation of a Letter from N. S. Khrushchev
(August 30, 1960) / 269 \\
49 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (September 12, 1960) /
270 \\
50 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev during His Visit to New
York (September 30, 1960) / 272 \\
51 ``Conversation with K on October 5, 1960'' (Recorded
October 9, 1960) / 279 \\
52 Letter to President Eisenhower (October 13, 1960) /
288 \\
53 Letter from Secretary of State Christian A. Herter
(November 10, 1960) / 290 \\
54 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (November 24, 1960) / 291
\\
55 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (December 2, 1960) / 293
\\
56 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (December 20, 1960) / 294
\\
57 Letter to President Kennedy (May 19, 1961) / 295 \\
58 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (September 20, 1961) /
296 \\
59 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (October 4, 1961) / 297
\\
60 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (October 9, 1962) / 300
\\
61 Translation of a Letter from N. S. Khrushchev
(November 4, 1962) / 305 \\
62 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (November 15, 1962) / 307
\\
63 Memorandum to N. S. Khrushchev (November 19, 1962) /
309 \\
64 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (November 25, 1962) / 310
\\
65 ``Instructions That May Be Given to the Participants
of a Proposed Study Concerning the Issue of How to
Secure the Peace in a Disarmed World'' (November 25,
1962) / 312 \\
66 Confidential Memorandum (January 8, 1963) / 314 \\
67 ``Tentative `Instructions' to the Participants of
the `Arms Control' (`Angels') Project'' (January 11,
1963) / 318 \\
68 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev with Appendix and
Memorandum (July 15, 1963) / 321 \\
69 Letter to N. S. Khrushchev (July 31, 1963) / 327 \\
70 Soviet Reply to Letter of July 15, 1963 (Undated) /
328 \\
VI The Washington Years: Arms Control Efforts / 331 \\
71 Excerpt from a Television Interview with Mike
Wallace (February 27, 1961) / 337 \\
72 Letter to President Kennedy with Copies of a
Memorandum to Members of the National Academy and of a
Proposed Petition (May 10, 1961) / 341 \\
73 Letter to President Kennedy (June 6, 1961) / 346 \\
74 ``On Disarmament'' (August 14, 1961) / 347 \\
75 Statement on Fallout Shelters (September 19, 1961) /
374 \\
76 Memorandum and Draft Proposal for a National Society
of Fellows (September 25, 1961) / 375 \\
77 Letter to John J. McCloy, US Disarmament
Administration (October 6, 1961) / 379 \\
78 Excerpts from the Transcripts of the Teller--Szilard
Debates on ``Camera Three'' (CBS Television Program,
June 3 and 10, 1962) / 381 \\
79 Memorandum (May 28, 1963) and Proposal (May 31,
1963) / 398 \\
80 Statement Submitted to the Committee on Foreign
Relations of the US Senate (August 23, 1963) / 404 \\
81 Draft of a Statement about Edward Teller (August 23,
1963) / 405 \\
82 ```Minimal Deterrent' vs. Saturation Parity'' (March
1964) / 407 \\
VII The Washington Years: The Council for a Livable
World / 423 \\
83 ``Are We on the Road to War?'' (April 1962) / 427
\\
84 Note to the Speech ``Are We on the Road to War?'' /
446 \\
85 Special Note to the Speech ``Are We on the Road to
War?'' for Los Angeles Area Readers (January 18, 1962)
/ 447 \\
86 Letter to Colleagues with ``Responses to Date'' and
``The Next Step'' Enclosures (February 28, 1962) / 448
\\
87 Council Mailing with a Letter to Prospective Members
(June 11, 1962) / 456 \\
88 ``A Plea to Abolish War'' (New York Herald Tribune,
July 13, 1962) / 473 \\
89 Letter to the Editor of Newsweek (September 10,
1962) / 475 \\
90 Letter to the Editor of The Washington Post (October
21, 1962) / 476 \\
91 Excerpt from a Draft Memorandum on the Cuban Missile
Crisis (Undated) / 478 \\
92 Letter (Progress Report) to Council Members (March
25, 1963) / 480 \\
93 Letter to the Editor of the Bulletin of the Atomic
Scientists (April 1963) / 483 \\
Bibliography of Nonscientific Works of Leo Szilard /
485 \\
Index / 489",
}
@Book{Cantelon:1991:AAD,
editor = "Philip L. (Philip Louis) Cantelon and Richard G.
Hewlett and Robert Chadwell Williams",
booktitle = "The {American} atom: a documentary history of nuclear
policies from the discovery of fission to the present",
title = "The {American} atom: a documentary history of nuclear
policies from the discovery of fission to the present",
publisher = pub-U-PENN,
address = pub-U-PENN:adr,
edition = "Second",
pages = "xviii + 369",
year = "1991",
ISBN = "0-8122-3096-5 (hardcover), 0-8122-1354-8 (paper)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-8122-3096-3 (hardcover), 978-0-8122-1354-6
(paper)",
LCCN = "UA23 .A597 1991",
bibdate = "Wed Aug 22 11:35:25 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
abstract = "Debate over nuclear policy, whether about nuclear
weapons or nuclear energy, most often focuses on issues
of the present or the future. The documents in this
classic collection remind us, however, that the issues
involved have a past. We follow the story of J. Robert
Oppenheimer thorough his letters, observations of those
close to the Manhattan Project and testimony to the
Atomic Energy Commission. President Dwight Eisenhower's
1953 `Atoms for Peace' speech demonstrates how far back
calls for nuclear sanity go, and the listing of
nuclear-weapons accidents shows how dangerous it may be
to ignore those calls.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
shorttableofcontents = "Introduction \\
The nuclear age background and visions \\
The Manhattan Project \\
Atomic energy in a postwar world \\
The hydrogen bomb \\
The Oppenheimer case \\
Nuclear testing and the test ban \\
Deterrence \\
Arms control \\
Nuclear power",
subject = "United States; Military policy; Nuclear weapons;
History; Sources; Nuclear energy; Nuclear
nonproliferation; Deterrence (Strategy); 20th century",
tableofcontents = "Introduction / xii \\
The Nuclear Age: Background and Visions / 1 \\
1. Nuclear Energy: H. G. Wells's Vision, 1914 / 3 \\
2. Leo Szilard and the Discovery of Fission / 7 \\
3. Albert Einstein to Franklin D. Roosevelt, August 2,
1939 / 9 \\
4. The Frisch--Peierls Memorandum, 1940 / 11 \\
5. The MAUD Report, 1941 / 16 \\
II The Manhattan Project / 21 \\
6. Letters of J. Robert Oppenheimer, 1942--45 / 24 \\
7. The Quebec Agreement, August 19, 1943 / 31 \\
8. Anglo--American Declaration of Trust, June 13, 1944
/ 34 \\
9. Roosevelt--Churchill Hyde Park Aide-Memoire,
September 19, 1944 / 36 \\
10. Military Policy Committee Minutes, May 5, 1943 / 37
\\
11. Stimson and the Interim Committee, May 1945 / 37
\\
12. Interim Committee Minutes, May 31, 1945 / 39 \\
13. Glenn T. Seaborg to Ernest O. Lawrence, June 13,
1945 / 44 \\
14. Science Panel Recommendations on the Immediate Use
of Nuclear Weapons, June 16, 1945 / 47 \\
15. Stimson and the Scientists' Concerns, June 26, 1945
/ 48 \\
16. O. R. Frisch, Eyewitness Account of ``Trinity''
Test, July 1945 / 50 \\
17. General Groves's Report on ``Trinity,'' July 18,
1945 / 51 \\
18. Leslie R. Groves to George C. Marshall, July 30,
1945 / 59 \\
19. Truman--Stalin Conversation, Potsdam, July 24, 1945
/ 61 \\
20. Chicago Scientists' Petition to the President, July
17, 1945 / 63 \\
21. White House Press Release on Hiroshima, August 6,
1945 / 64 \\
III Atomic Energy in a Postwar World / 69 \\
22. Henry L. Stimson to Harry S. Truman, September 11,
1945 / 73 \\
23. The McMahon Bill, December 20, 1945 (Atomic Energy
Act of 1946) / 77 \\
24. The Baruch Plan, June 1946 / 91 \\
25. Dwight D. Eisenhower's ``Atoms for Peace'' Address
to the United Nations General Assembly, December 8,
1953 ' / 96 \\
26. Lewis L. Strauss, ``My Faith in the Atomic
Future,'' August 1955 / 104 \\
IV The Hydrogen Bomb / 109 \\
27. ``Political Implications of Detonation of Atomic
Bomb by the U.S.S.R.,'' August 16, 1949 / 110 \\
28. Statement by the President on Announcing the First
Atomic Explosion in the USSR, September 23, 1949 / 112
\\
29. USAEC General Advisory Committee Minutes, October
28--30, 1949 / 113 \\
30. USAEC General Advisory Committee Report on the
``Super,'' October 30, 1949 / 116 \\
31. Lewis Strauss to Harry S. Truman, November 25, 1949
/ 123 \\
32. Statement by the President on the Hydrogen Bomb,
January 31, 1950 / 127 \\
33. Excerpts from President Eisenhower's Press
Conference, March 31, 1954 / 127 \\
34. Hans Bethe, Comments on the History of the H-Bomb,
1954 / 129 \\
V The Oppenheimer Case / 139 \\
35. K. D. Nichols to J. R. Oppenheimer, December 23,
1953 / 142 \\
36. J. R. Oppenheimer to K. D. Nichols, March 4, 1954 /
145 \\
37. Testimony in the Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer /
151 \\
38. Arthur Holly Compton to Gordon Gray, April 21, 1954
/ 159 \\
VI Nuclear Testing and the Test Ban / 163 \\
39. Ralph E. Lapp, ``Civil Defense Faces New Perils,''
November 1954 / 167 \\
40. Atomic Energy Commission Meeting 1377, May 28, 1958
/ 174 \\
41. W. K. Wyant, Jr., ``50,000 Baby Teeth,'' June 13,
1959 / 180 \\
42. Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the
Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water, August 5,
1963 / 185 \\
43. Treaty Between the United States of America and the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation
of Underground Nuclear Weapon Tests, July 3, 1974 / 188
\\
44. Protocol to the Treaty Between the United States of
America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on
the Limitation of Underground Nuclear Weapon Tests,
July 3, 1974 / 190 \\
VII Deterrence / 193 \\
45. Bernard Brodie on the Absolute Weapon, 1946 / 196
\\
46. John Foster Dulles on Massive Retaliation, 1954 /
201 \\
47. Herman Kahn on Thermonuclear War, 1960 / 203 \\
48. Robert McNamara and Counterforce ``No Cities''
Doctrine, 1962 / 207 \\
49. L. Hagen, Comments on Presidential Directive 59,
1980 / 210 \\
50. Ronald Reagan on Deterrence, November 23, 1982 /
217 \\
51. Caspar Weinberger on United States Nuclear
Deterrence Policy, December 14, 1982 / 220 \\
52. Ronald Reagan on the Strategic Defense Initiative,
December 28, 1984 / 228 \\
VIII Arms Control / 231 \\
53. Memorandum of Understanding Between the United
States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics Regarding the Establishment of a Direct
Communications Link, June 20, 1963 (with Annex) / 233
\\
54. Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons,
March 5, 1970 / 236 \\
55. Treaty Between the United States of America and the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation
of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems, May 26, 1972 / 243
\\
56. Interim Agreement Between the United States of
America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on
Certain Measures with Respect to the Limitation of
Strategic Offensive Arms, May 26, 1972 (with Protocol)
/ 249 \\
57. USA--USSR Agreement to Reduce the Risk of Nuclear
War Outbreak, September 30, 1972 / 253 \\
58. Protocol to the Treaty Between the United States of
America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on
the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems, July
3, 1974 / 255 \\
59. SALT II Treaty Between the United States of America
and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the
Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, June, 18, 1979
(including Protocol and Agreed Understandings) / 258
\\
60. U. S. Catholic Bishops' Pastoral Letter on War and
Peace, May 3, 1983 / 267 \\
61. William P. Clark to Archbishop Joseph L. Bernadin,
November 16, 1982 / 274 \\
62. Treaty Between the United States of America and the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination
of Their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles,
December 8, 1987 / 276 \\
63. Agreement Between the United States of America and
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Conduct
of a Joint Verification Experiment, May 31, 1988 / 293
\\
64. Frank Carlucci on Nuclear Deterrence and Strategic
Defenses, January 17, 1989 / 296 \\
IX Nuclear Power / 303 \\
65. Edward Teller to Sterling Cole, July 23, 1953 / 308
\\
66. United States Atomic Energy Commission Report on
the Need for Nuclear Power, 1962 / 312 \\
67. Proposed AEC Licensing Procedure and Related
Legislation, June--July 1971 / 321 \\
68. Atomic Energy Act of 1954 / 331 \\
69. Calvert Cliffs Coordinating Committee versus U.S.
Atomic Energy Commission, 1971 / 336 \\
70. Three Mile Island, March 1979 / 338 \\
71. Alvin M. Weinberg, ``A Nuclear Power Advocate
Reflects on Chernobyl'' / 349 \\
X Afterword / 357 \\
Index / 359",
}
@Book{Bess:1993:RUM,
author = "Michael Bess",
booktitle = "Realism, utopia, and the mushroom cloud: four activist
intellectuals and their strategies for peace,
1945--1989: {Louise Weiss (France), Leo Szilard (USA),
E. P. Thompson (England), Danilo Dolci (Italy)}",
title = "Realism, utopia, and the mushroom cloud: four activist
intellectuals and their strategies for peace,
1945--1989: {Louise Weiss (France), Leo Szilard (USA),
E. P. Thompson (England), Danilo Dolci (Italy)}",
publisher = pub-U-CHICAGO,
address = pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
pages = "xxviii + 322",
year = "1993",
ISBN = "0-226-04420-3 (hardcover), 0-226-04421-1 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-226-04420-0 (hardcover), 978-0-226-04421-7
(paperback)",
LCCN = "JX1962.A2 B47 1993",
bibdate = "Tue Sep 13 15:12:42 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/uchi052/93009707.html;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0608/93009707-t.html;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0609/93009707-b.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Szilard, Leo; Dolci, Danilo; Weiss, Louise; Thompson,
E. P. (Edward Palmer); Intellectual life; History; 20th
century; Pacifists; Biography",
subject-dates = "1893--1983; 1924--1993",
tableofcontents = "Acknowledgments \\
Introduction \\
Peace through Strength: Louise Weiss's Global
Realpolitik \\
Peace through Cooperative Diplomacy: Leo Szilard's
Vision of a Superpower Duopoly \\
Peace as Grass-Roots Internationalism: E. P. Thompson's
Campaign against Bloc \\
Politics \\
Peace through Social Transformation: Danilo Dolci's
Long-Range Experiments with \\
Gandhian Nonviolence \\
Conclusion \\
The Limits of the Possible: Three Core Debates \\
The Future of Government on a Global Scale \\
The Human Capacity for Change \\
Two Conceptions of Power \\
Notes \\
Bibliography \\
Index",
}
@Book{Lanouette:1994:GSB,
author = "William Lanouette and Bela A. Silard",
booktitle = "Genius in the shadows: a biography of {Leo Szilard}:
the man behind the bomb",
title = "Genius in the shadows: a biography of {Leo Szilard}:
the man behind the bomb",
publisher = pub-U-CHICAGO,
address = pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
pages = "xix + 587",
year = "1994",
ISBN = "0-226-46888-7 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-226-46888-4 (paperback)",
LCCN = "QC16.S95 L36 1994",
bibdate = "Wed Jul 28 18:24:21 MDT 2010",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/uchi053/94012738.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Original edition \cite{Lanouette:1992GSB}.",
subject = "Szilard, Leo; Physicists; United States; Biography",
tableofcontents = "The family \\
View from the villa \\
Schoolboy, soldier, and socialist \\
Scholar and scientist \\
Just friends \\
Einstein \\
Restless research and the bund \\
A new world, a new field, a new fear \\
refuge \\
``Moonshine'' \\
Chain-reaction ``obsession'' \\
Travels with Trude \\
Bumbling toward the bomb \\
``I haven't thought of that at all'' \\
Fission + Fermi = frustration \\
Chain reaction versus the chain of command \\
Visions of an ``armed peace'' \\
Three attempts to stop the bomb \ldots{} \\
\ldots{} and two to stop the army \\
A last fight with the general \\
A new life, an old problem \\
Marriage on the run \\
Oppenheimer and Teller \\
Arms control \\
Biology \\
Beating cancer \\
Meeting Khrushchev \\
Is Washington a market for wisdom? \\
Seeking a more livable world \\
La Jolla: personal peace",
}
@Book{Bird:1996:HSW,
editor = "Kai Bird and Lawrence Lifschultz",
booktitle = "{Hiroshima}'s shadow: writings on the denial of
history and the {Smithsonian} controversy",
title = "{Hiroshima}'s shadow: writings on the denial of
history and the {Smithsonian} controversy",
publisher = "Pamphleteer's Press",
address = "Stony Creek, CT, USA",
pages = "lxxvii + 584",
year = "1996",
ISBN = "0-9630587-3-8 (hardcover), 0-9630587-4-6 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-9630587-3-7 (hardcover), 978-0-9630587-4-4
(paperback)",
LCCN = "9609 BOOK NOT YET IN LC",
bibdate = "Fri Aug 8 17:56:20 MDT 2008",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Preface by Dr. Joseph Rotblat, winner of the Nobel
Peace Prize.",
tableofcontents = "A social conscience for the nuclear age / Joseph
Rotblat \\
The legend of Hiroshima / Lawrence Lifschultz, Kai Bird
\\
Historians reassess: did we need to drop the bomb? /
Gar Alperovitz \\
Did the bomb end the war? / Murray Sayle \\
The logic of mass destruction / Mark Selden \\
The first nuclear war / Wilfred Burchett \\
The decision to use the bombs / P. M. S. Blackett \\
New evidence on Truman's decision / Robert L. Messer
\\
Three attempts to stop the bomb / William Lanouette \\
Racing to the finish / Stanley Goldberg \\
A post-war myth: 500,000 US lives saved / Barton J.
Bernstein \\
The invasion that never was / Adam Goodheart \\
The construction of conventional wisdom / Uday Mohan,
Sanho Tree \\
Seizing the contested terrain of early nuclear history
/ Barton J. Bernstein \\
The decision to use the atomic bomb / Henry L. Stimson
\\
Thank God for the atom bomb / Paul Fussell \\
Hiroshima and modern memory / Martin J. Sherwin \\
The horror and the shame / The editors of Commonweal
\\
``Victory for what?'': The voice of the minority / Paul
Boyer \\
Leaving the bomb project / Joseph Rotblat \\
The atom bomb \& Ahimsa / Mahatma Gandhi \\
Between hell and reason / Albert Camus \\
The decline to barbarism / Dwight Macdonald \\
When cruelty becomes pleasurable / Norman Thomas \\
The return to nothingness / Felix Morley \\
Our relations to Japan / Reinhold Niebuhr \\
Nothing but nihilism / James Martin Gillis \\
What hath man wrought! / David Lawrence \\
Gentlemen: you are mad! / Lewis Mumford \\
John Hersey and the American conscience / Michael J.
Yavenditti \\
The ``Hiroshima'' New Yorker / Mary McCarthy \\
The literacy of survival / Norman Cousins \\
An opinion on Hiroshima / Edgar R. Smothers \\
Has it come to this? / A. J. Muste \\
The battle of the Enola Gay / Mike Wallace \\
Unconditional surrender at the Smithsonian / John W.
Dower \\
Memory, myth and history / Martin J. Sherwin \\
Smithsonian suffers Legionnaires' Disease / Stanley
Goldberg \\
How the US press missed the target / Tony Capaccio,
Uday Mohan \\
The war of the op-ed pages. How a genuine democracy
should celebrate its past / John W. Dower \\
The Enola Gay: a nation's, and a museum's, dilemma /
Martin Harwit \\
The curators cave in / Kai Bird \\
The Smithsonian and the bomb / Editorial, The New York
Times \\
World War II revised, or, How we bombed Japan out of
racism and spite / Charles Krauthammer \\
Beyond the Smithsonian flap: historians' new consensus
\\
Enola Gay: a new consensus / Gar Alperovitz \\
What new consensus? / Robert P. Newman \\
Dropping a bomb of an idea / Jonathan Yardley \\
Hiroshima, rewritten / Barton J. Bernstein \\
The trend of history / Editorial, the Wall Street
Journal \\
The Smithsonian changes course / Editorial, The
Washington Post \\
Or Hiroshima ``cult''? / Edwin M. Yoder Jr. \\
Truman was right in 1945 / Albert R. Hunt \\
Nagasaki / Stanley Goldberg \\
The revisionists' agenda / Stephen S. Rosenfeld \\
Enola Gay: ``patriotically correct'' / Kai Bird \\
The day Hiroshima disappeared / Shuntaro Hida \\
The unsurrendered people / Kenzaburo O{\'e} \\
Summer flower / Tamiki Hara",
}
@Book{Grandy:1996:LSS,
author = "David Grandy",
booktitle = "{Leo Szilard}: science as a mode of being",
title = "{Leo Szilard}: science as a mode of being",
publisher = "University Press of America",
address = "Lanham, MD, USA",
pages = "xiii + 189",
year = "1996",
ISBN = "0-7618-0308-4 (hardcover)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-7618-0308-9 (hardcover)",
LCCN = "QC16.S95 G73 1996",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 08:54:51 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Based on the author's doctoral dissertation
\cite{Grandy:1994:LSS}.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Szilard, Leo; Physicists; United States; Biography",
tableofcontents = "Preface and Acknowledgements / vii \\
Introduction / ix \\
1: The Intellectual Landscape / 1 \\
2: The Thunderclap and Its Antecedents / 19 \\
3: Moving into Nuclear Physics / 37 \\
4: A Time of ``Heartbreak and Frustration'' / 59 \\
5: Down the Shaft / 81 \\
6: From Physics to Biology and Political Chivalry / 101
\\
Notes / 129 \\
Bibliography / 175 \\
Index / 183",
}
@Book{Wigner:1996:CWE,
editor = "Eugene Paul Wigner",
booktitle = "The collected works of {Eugene Paul Wigner}. {Part A.
The scientific papers. Vol. II. Nuclear physics}",
title = "The collected works of {Eugene Paul Wigner}. {Part A.
The scientific papers. Vol. II. Nuclear physics}",
publisher = pub-SV,
address = pub-SV:adr,
pages = "x + 574",
year = "1996",
ISBN = "3-540-56972-3",
ISBN-13 = "978-3-540-56972-5",
MRclass = "01A75 (81-03 81Q10 81R05 81U20 81V35)",
MRnumber = "1366418 (97e:01024)",
MRreviewer = "R. L. Ingraham",
bibdate = "Sat Jul 28 10:00:08 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/d/dirac-p-a-m.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/v/von-neumann-john.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
note = "Annotated by Herman Feshbach, Edited and with a
preface by Arthur S. Wightman and Jagdish Mehra",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
tableofcontents = "Wigner on Nuclear Physics Annotation by Herman
Feshbach / 1 \\
On the Mass Defect of Helium / 15 \\
On the Scattering of Neutrons on Protons / Uber die
Streuung von Neutronen an Protonen / 21 \\
Note on Majorana's Exchange Energy (with G. Breit) / 27
\\
Capture of Slow Neutrons (with G. Breit) / 29 \\
On the Saturation of Exchange Forces / 42 \\
The Disintegration of Li$^8$ (with G. Breit) / 47 \\
On the Structure of the Nuclei Between Helium and
Oxygen (with E. Feenberg) / 48 \\
On the Consequences of the Symmetry of the Nuclear
Hamiltonian on the Spectroscopy of Nuclei / 60 \\
On the Structure of Nuclei Beyond Oxygen / 74 \\
The $\beta$-Ray Spectrum of Li$^8$ (with G. Breit) / 86
\\
The Saturation Requirements for Nuclear Forces (with G.
Breit) / 87 \\
On the Saturation of Forces Derived from the Meson
Theory (with L. Eisenbud) / 93 \\
On Coupling Conditions in Light Nuclei and the
Lifetimes of $\beta$-Radioactivities / 94 \\
The Electron--Positron Field Theory of Nuclear Forces
(with C. L. Critchfield and E. Teller) / 103 \\
Magnetic Moments of Odd Nuclei (with H. Margenau) / 113
\\
Nuclear Masses and Binding Energies / 121 \\
Invariant Forms of Interaction Between Nuclear
Particles (with L. Eisenbud) / 133 \\
The Antisymmetrical Interaction in Beta-Decay Theory
(with C. L. Critchfield) / 142 \\
Symmetry Properties of Nuclear Levels (with E.
Feenberg) / 144 \\
Resonance Reactions and Anomalous Scattering / 188 \\
Reaction and Scattering Cross-Sections / 207 \\
Resonance Reactions / 212 \\
Higher Angular Momenta and Long Range Interaction in
Resonance Reactions (with L. Eisenbud) / 225 \\
On the Behavior of Cross Sections Near Thresholds / 238
\\
Nuclear Reactions and Level Widths / 246 \\
On the Statistical Distribution of the Widths and
Spacings of Nuclear Resonance Levels / 257 \\
Sum Rules in the Dispersion Theory of Nuclear Reactions
(with T. Teichmann) / 266 \\
On the Shell Model for Nuclei / 279 \\
Note on the Beta-Decay / 296 \\
A $\beta$-Decay Matrix Element for a Deformed Core
Model (with M. G. Redlich) / 301 \\
On the Origin and the Effects of Spin-Orbit Coupling in
Nuclei / 306 \\
The Interpretation of Racah's Coefficients / 315 \\
Giant Resonance Interpretation of the Nucleon--Nucleus
Interaction (with A. M. Lane and R. G. Thomas) / 316
\\
Results and Theory of Resonance Absorption / 325 \\
Distribution of Neutron Resonance Level Spacing / 337
\\
On the Distribution of the Roots of Certain Symmetric
Matrices / 339 \\
Isotopic Spin --- A Quantum Number for Nuclei / 342 \\
Statistical Properties of Real Symmetric Matrices with
Many Dimensions / 367 \\
Approximation Method in Collision Theory Based on
$R$-Matrix Theory (with C. B. Duke) / 378 \\
Causality, $R$-Matrix, and Collision Matrix / 384 \\
Distribution Laws for the Roots of a Random Hermitean
Matrix / 412 \\
Remarks / 428 \\
Random Matrices in Physics / 433 \\
General Principles of Nuclear Structure (with L.
Eisenbud and G. T. Garvey) / 456 \\
Some General Consequences of the Short-Range Nature of
Nuclear Forces / 517 \\
Extension of the $R$-Matrix Theory (with F. Narcowich)
/ 566 \\
Bibliography / 567 \\
Papers Reprinted in Volume II / 567 \\
Related Papers Reprinted in Other Volumes of The
Collected Works / 571 \\
Related Papers Not Reprinted in The Collected Works /
573",
}
@Book{Lopez:1997:PSN,
editor = "George A. Lopez and Nancy J. Myers",
booktitle = "Peace and security: the next generation",
title = "Peace and security: the next generation",
publisher = "Rowman and Littlefield",
address = "Lanham, MD, USA",
pages = "xiv + 275",
year = "1997",
ISBN = "0-8476-8594-2 (hardcover), 0-8476-8595-0 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-8476-8594-3 (hardcover), 978-0-8476-8595-0
(paperback)",
LCCN = "JX1391 .P39 1997",
bibdate = "Sat May 16 12:44:45 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "USA; International relations; World politics; 1945-;
Diplomatic relations; International relations; World
politics; United States; Foreign relations;
1945--1989",
tableofcontents = "Key Concept Chart / x \\
Introduction / xiii \\
Acknowledgments / xvii \\
Part One: Challenges to Peace and Security \\
I: The burdens of history: nuclear weapons, the cold
war, and massive defense spending / 3 \\
Introduction / / 3 \\
I.1: The nuclear FAQ / Bulletin editors / 9 \\
I.2: The man behind the bomb / William Lanouette / 9
\\
I.3 How Soviet physicists caught up / David Holloway /
18 \\
I.4 Four trillion dollars and counting / U.S. Nuclear
Weapons Cost Study Project / 25 \\
I.5 Midnight never came / Mike Moore / 35 \\
Chart: The Arms Race / / 50 \\
Discussion Questions / / 51 \\
II: The proliferation problem: will ``they'' get the
bomb? / 53 \\
Introduction / / 53 \\
II.1 The myth of the Islamic bomb / Pervez Hoodbhoy /
56 \\
II.2 Engineer for hire / David Albright / 64 \\
II.3 Black-market bombs and fissile flim-flam / Kirill
Belyaninov / 68 \\
II.4 Potatoes were guarded better / Oleg Bukharin and
William Potter / 76 \\
II.5 Non-proliferation regime: jury-rigged but working
/ David Albright and Kevin O'Neill / 79 \\
Chart: The Missile Threat / / 87 \\
III: Legacies of insecurity: human costs, societal
impacts, and environmental disasters / / 89 \\
Introduction / / 89 \\
III.1 Victims of the arms race / U.S. Nuclear Weapons
Cost Study Project / 92 \\
III.2 Nothing clean about cleanup / Linda Rothstein /
94 \\
III.3 Who the hell will insure us? / Len Ackland / 98
\\
III.4 Poisoned Pacific / Bengt Danielson / 101 \\
III.5 Chernobyl: the decade of despair / David R.
Marples / 105 \\
III.6 Nuclear language and how I learned to pat the
bomb / Carol Cohn / 114 \\
Map: A-Bomb Damage to Hiroshima / / 123 \\
Discussion Questions / / 124 \\
IV: From foe to friends? the Soviet successor states /
/ 125 \\
Introduction / / 125 \\
IV.1 Russia will turn inward / Viktoria
Tripolskaya-Mitlyng / 128 \\
IV.2 Baltic pride, Russian tears / Nina Chugunova / 132
\\
IV.3 Kazakhstan finds its own way / Leonid Zagalsky /
139 \\
IV.4 Power play in Central Asia / Mikhail Ustiugov /
144 \\
IV.5 Armenia's energy choice / Astghik Vardanian / 148
\\
Map: New Nations of the Former Soviet Union / / 155 \\
Discussion Questions / / 156 \\
Part Two: Building Peace and Security \\
V: Promoting global cooperation: multilateral
peacekeeping and sanctions / / 159 \\
Introduction / / 159 \\
V.1 Phantom forces, diminished dreams / Richard C.
Longworth / 162 \\
V.2 We are dying of your protection / Dzenita Mehic /
167 \\
V.3 A stronger U.N. strengthens America / Jonathan Dean
/ 173 \\
V.4 Misreading the public on peacekeeping / Steven Kull
/ 180 \\
V.5 On sanctions, think small / Ivan Eland / 183 \\
V.6 Who suffers from sanctions? / Drew Christiansen and
Gerard F. Powers / 188 \\
VI: Arms and security at millennium's end / / 193 \\
Introduction / / 193 \\
VI.1 More security for less money / Mike Moore / 196
\\
VI.2 A Chinese view on nuclear disarmament / Dingli
Shen / 202 \\
VI.3 World court says mostly no to nuclear weapons /
Mike Moore / 205 \\
VI.4 The revolt against nuclear weapons / Michael
Krepon / 208 \\
VI.5 Comprehensive test ban only a beginning / William
Epstein / 211 \\
VI.6 Four steps to zero / The Henry L. Stimson Center /
215 \\
Chart: A Sense of Proportion / / 221 \\
Discussion Questions / / 222 \\
VII: The emergence of global citizenship / / 223 \\
Introduction / / 223 \\
VII.1 Scientists as public educators: 1945--50 / Eugene
Rabinowitch / 226 \\
VII.2 The global tide / George A. Lopez [and others] /
230 \\
VII.3 A movement is born / Nadezhda Azhgikhina / 238
\\
VII.4 The revolutions of 1989 / Mary Kaldor / 243 \\
VII.5 Squeezing apartheid / Jennifer Davis / 248 \\
VII.6 Remember your humanity / Joseph Rotblat / 253 \\
Chart: Nobel Peace Laureates, 1945--1996 / / 259 \\
Discussion Questions / / 262 \\
Index / / 265 \\
About the Contributors / / 273",
}
@Proceedings{Marx:1998:LSC,
editor = "George Marx",
booktitle = "{Leo Szil{\'a}rd Centenary Volume: lectures and
contributions of the Conference at the Centenary of
Szilard's Birth, Budapest on 9--11 February 1998}",
title = "{Leo Szil{\'a}rd Centenary Volume: lectures and
contributions of the Conference at the Centenary of
Szilard's Birth, Budapest on 9--11 February 1998}",
publisher = "E{\"o}tv{\"o}s Physical Society",
address = "Budapest, Hungary",
pages = "192 (est.)",
year = "1998",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Wed Sep 14 14:33:41 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
editor-dates = "1927--2002",
remark = "The conference was organized by the E{\"o}tv{\"o}s
Physical Society, in cooperation with the American
Physical Society, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences,
and the Pugwash Movement of scientists, under the
sponsorship of the Prime Minister of Hungary. Hungarian
form of editor name is Marx Gy{\"o}rgy.",
xxISBN = "none",
xxISBN-13 = "none",
}
@Book{Chambers:1999:OCA,
editor = "John Whiteclay Chambers",
booktitle = "The {Oxford} companion to {American} military
history",
title = "The {Oxford} companion to {American} military
history",
publisher = pub-OXFORD,
address = pub-OXFORD:adr,
pages = "916",
year = "1999",
ISBN = "0-19-507198-0",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-19-507198-6",
LCCN = "E181 .O94 1999",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 18:00:10 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
library.ox.ac.uk:210/ADVANCE",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "United States; History, Military; Dictionaries",
}
@Book{Leventhal:2002:NPS,
editor = "Paul Leventhal and Sharon Tanzer and Steven Dolley",
booktitle = "Nuclear power and the spread of nuclear weapons: can
we have one without the other?",
title = "Nuclear power and the spread of nuclear weapons: can
we have one without the other?",
publisher = "Brassey's",
address = "Washington, DC, USA",
pages = "xxv + 340",
year = "2002",
ISBN = "1-57488-494-8 (hardcover), 1-57488-495-6 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-57488-494-4 (hardcover), 978-1-57488-495-1
(paperback)",
LCCN = "TK9145 .N8297 2002",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 14:51:18 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Foreword by Edward J. Markey.",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy035/2002018416.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Nuclear Control Institute book.",
subject = "Nuclear engineering; International cooperation;
Technology transfer; Nuclear weapons; Nuclear
nonproliferation",
}
@Book{Prigge:2003:BBA,
editor = "Walter Prigge",
booktitle = "{Bauhaus, Brasilia, Auschwitz, Hiroshima:
Weltkulturerbe des 20. Jahrhunderts: Modernit{\"a}t und
Barbarei}. ({German}) [{Bauhaus}, {Brasilia},
{Auschwitz}, {Hiroshima}: {World Heritage Sites} of the
{20th Century}: modernity and barbarism]",
title = "{Bauhaus, Brasilia, Auschwitz, Hiroshima:
Weltkulturerbe des 20. Jahrhunderts: Modernit{\"a}t und
Barbarei}. ({German}) [{Bauhaus}, {Brasilia},
{Auschwitz}, {Hiroshima}: {World Heritage Sites} of the
{20th Century}: modernity and barbarism]",
volume = "12",
publisher = "Jovis-Verlag",
address = "Berlin, Germany",
pages = "319",
year = "2003",
ISBN = "3-936314-93-4",
ISBN-13 = "978-3-936314-93-9",
LCCN = "CB427 2003",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 15:15:48 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.gbv.de:20011/gvk",
series = "Edition Bauhaus",
URL = "http://hsozkult.geschichte.hu-berlin.de/rezensionen/2003-3-159",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
language = "German",
}
@Book{Brillouin:2004:SIT,
author = "L{\'e}on Brillouin",
booktitle = "Science and Information Theory",
title = "Science and Information Theory",
publisher = pub-DOVER,
address = pub-DOVER:adr,
edition = "Second",
pages = "xv + 351",
year = "2004",
ISBN = "0-486-43918-6",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-486-43918-1",
LCCN = "Q175 .B786 2004",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:02:52 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
series = "Dover phoenix editions",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0618/2004051975-d.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1889--1969",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Republication of \cite{Brillouin:1956:SIT}.",
subject = "Information theory",
tableofcontents = "Preface / v \\
Introduction / vii \\
The Definition of Information / 1 \\
Definition of Information / 1 \\
Unit Systems / 2 \\
Generalization and Examples / 3 \\
Information Using the Alphabet / 4 \\
Information Content in a Set of Symbols with Different
a priori Probabilities / 5 \\
General Remarks / 8 \\
Application of the Definitions and General Discussion /
11 \\
Definitions / 11 \\
Property A / 12 \\
Property B / 13 \\
Property C / 14 \\
Joint Events / 17 \\
Conditional Information / 19 \\
Redundancy in the English Language / 21 \\
Correlation and Joint Events / 21 \\
Correlation in Language / 22 \\
Redundancy in Language / 23 \\
Some Typical Experiments / 25 \\
Coding Devices / 26 \\
Principles of Coding, Discussion of the Capacity of a
Channel / 28 \\
Introduction / 28 \\
Definition of a Channel and its Capacity / 28 \\
Symbols, Words, and Messages in Sequential Coding / 30
\\
Discussion / 32 \\
Examples / 34 \\
Computation of the Capacity of a Channel / 37 \\
Matching a Code with a Channel / 38 \\
General Problem: Symbols with Different Lengths / 41
\\
The Matching Problem / 44 \\
Problems of Word Statistics (Mandelbrot) / 44 \\
Solving the Matching Problem / 47 \\
Appendix / 49 \\
Coding Problems / 51 \\
Alphabetic Coding, Binary System / 51 \\
Alphabetic Coding, Ternary System / 53 \\
Alphabet and Numbers / 54 \\
Binary Coding by Words / 55 \\
Alphabetic Coding by Words / 58 \\
Coding Based on Letter Groups and on Correlation / 58
\\
Error Detecting and Correcting Codes / 62 \\
Error Detecting Codes / 62 \\
Single Error Detecting Codes / 63 \\
Single Error Correcting and Double Error Correcting
Codes / 66 \\
Efficiency of Self-Correcting Codes / 67 \\
The Capacity of a Binary Channel with Noise / 69 \\
Applications to Some Special Problems / 71 \\
The Problem of Filing Using a Miscellaneous Cell / 71
\\
Filing with Cross Referencing / 73 \\
The Most Favorable Number of Signals per Elementary
Cell / 75 \\
The Analysis of Signals: Fourier Method and Sampling
Procedure / 78 \\
Fourier Series / 78 \\
The Gibbs' Phenomenon and Convergence of Fourier Series
/ 80 \\
Fourier Integrals / 83 \\
The Role of Finite Frequency Band Width / 87 \\
The Uncertainty Relation for Time and Frequency / 89
\\
Degrees of Freedom of a Message / 93 \\
Shannon's Sampling Method / 97 \\
Gabor's Information Cells / 99 \\
Autocorrelation and Spectrum; the Wiener-Khintchine
Formula / 101 \\
Linear Transformations and Filters / 103 \\
Fourier Analysis and the Sampling Method in Three
Dimensions / 105 \\
Crystal Analysis by X-Rays / 111 \\
Schwarz' Inequality / 113 \\
Summary of Thermodynamics / 114 \\
Introduction / 114 \\
The Two Principles of Thermodynamics; Entropy and
Negentropy / 114 \\
Impossibility of Perpetual Motion; Thermal Engines /
117 \\
Statistical Interpretation of Entropy / 119 \\
Examples of Statistical Discussions / 121 \\
Energy Fluctuations; Gibbs Formula / 122 \\
Quantized Oscillator / 124 \\
Fluctuations / 125 \\
Thermal Agitation and Brownian Motion / 128 \\
Thermal Agitation / 128 \\
Random Walk / 129 \\
Shot Effect / 132 \\
Brownian Motion / 134 \\
Thermal Agitation in an Electric Circuit / 137 \\
Appendix / 139 \\
Thermal Noise in an Electric Circuit; Nyquist's Formula
/ 141 \\
Random Impulses Model / 141 \\
The Nyquist Method / 143 \\
Discussion and Applications / 145 \\
Generalizations of Nyquist's Formula / 146 \\
Thermal Agitation in a Rectifier / 148 \\
The Negentropy Principle of Information / 152 \\
The Relation between Information and Entropy / 152 \\
The Negentropy Principle of Information; Generalization
of Carnot's Principle / 153 \\
Some Typical Physical Examples / 156 \\
Some General Remarks / 159 \\
Maxwell's Demon and the Negentropy Principle of
Information / 162 \\
Maxwell's Demon: Historical Survey / 162 \\
The Demon Exorcised / 164 \\
Discussion / 166 \\
The Demon's Operation as a Transformation of
Information into Negative Entropy / 168 \\
The Negentropy Required in the Observation / 172 \\
Szilard's Problem: The Well-Informed Heat Engine / 176
\\
Gabor's Discussion / 179 \\
Appendix I / 182 \\
Appendix II / 183 \\
The Negentropy Principle of Information in General
Physics / 184 \\
The Problem of Measurements in Physics / 184 \\
Observations Made on an Oscillator / 185 \\
High-Frequency Resonator and the Cost of an Observation
/ 188 \\
Experiments Requiring Many Simultaneous Observations at
Low Frequencies / 190 \\
Problems Requiring High Reliability / 194 \\
A More Accurate Discussion of Experiments Using High
Frequencies / 196 \\
An Example Showing the Minimum Negentropy Required in
an Observation / 198 \\
Observation and Information / 202 \\
Experimental Errors and Information / 202 \\
Length Measurements with Low Accuracy / 204 \\
Length Measurements with High Accuracy / 206 \\
Efficiency of an Observation / 209 \\
Measurement of a Distance with an Interferometer / 210
\\
Another Scheme for Measuring Distance / 213 \\
The Measurement of Time Intervals / 217 \\
Observation under a Microscope / 219 \\
Discussion of the Focus in a Wave Guide / 223 \\
Examples and Discussion / 226 \\
Summary / 228 \\
Information Theory, the Uncertainty Principle, and
Physical Limits of Observation / 229 \\
General Remarks / 229 \\
An Observation is an Irreversible Process / 231 \\
General Limitations in the Accuracy of Physical
Measurements / 232 \\
The Limits of Euclidean Geometry / 235 \\
Possible Use of Heavy Particles Instead of Photons /
236 \\
Uncertainty Relations in the Microscope Experiment /
238 \\
Measurement of Momentum / 241 \\
Uncertainty in Field Measurements / 243 \\
The Negentropy Principle of Information in
Telecommunications / 245 \\
The Analysis of Signals with Finite Band Width / 245
\\
Signals and Thermal Noise: Representation in Hyperspace
/ 246 \\
The Capacity of a Channel with Noise / 247 \\
Discussion of the Tuller-Shannon Formula / 248 \\
A Practical Example / 252 \\
The Negentropy Principle Applied to the Channel with
Noise / 254 \\
Gabor's Modified Formula and the Role of Beats / 257
\\
Writing, Printing, and Reading / 259 \\
The Transmission of Information: Live Information / 259
\\
The Problem of Reading and Writing / 260 \\
Dead Information and How to Bring it Back to Life / 261
\\
Writing and Printing / 263 \\
Discussion of a Special Example / 264 \\
New Information and Redundancy / 265 \\
The Problem of Computing / 267 \\
Computing Machines / 267 \\
The Computer as a Mathematical Element / 269 \\
The Computer as a Circuit Element, Sampling and
Desampling (Linvill and Salzer) / 273 \\
Computing on Sampled Data at Time t / 275 \\
The Transfer Function for a Computer / 277 \\
Circuits Containing a Computer, The Problem of
Stability / 279 \\
Discussion of the Stability of a Program / 281 \\
A Few Examples / 283 \\
Information, Organization, and Other Problems / 287 \\
Information and Organization / 287 \\
Information Contained in a Physical Law / 289 \\
Information Contained in a Numerical Table / 291 \\
General Remarks / 293 \\
Examples of Problems Beyond the Present Theory / 294
\\
Problems of Semantic Information / 297 \\
Inevitable Errors, Determinism, and Information / 302
\\
Information in Science / 302 \\
Information is Finite / 302 \\
The Viewpoint of M. Born / 303 \\
Observation and Experimental Errors / 304 \\
A Simple Example for Discussion: Laplace's Demon
Exorcised / 305 \\
Some More Examples: Anharmonic Oscillators, Rectifier /
308 \\
The Anomaly of the Harmonic Oscillator / 311 \\
The Problem of Determinism / 314 \\
Information Theory and our Preceding Examples / 316 \\
Observation and Interpretation / 318 \\
Conclusions / 320 \\
The Problem of Very Small Distances / 321 \\
The Difficulties in Measuring Extremely Small Distances
/ 321 \\
The Possible Use of These Remarks for the Computation
of Diverging Integrals in Physicsp. 322 \\
Example: Electromagnetic Mass of the Electron / 324 \\
A Justification of our Assumptions: Schr{\"o}dinger's
Zitterbewegung / 325 \\
Discussion and Possible Generalizations / 326 \\
Author Index / 329 \\
Subject Index / 331 \\
Books published by L. Brillouin / 349",
}
@Book{Cronin:2004:FR,
editor = "James W. Cronin",
booktitle = "{Fermi} remembered",
title = "{Fermi} remembered",
publisher = pub-U-CHICAGO,
address = pub-U-CHICAGO:adr,
pages = "xi + 287",
year = "2004",
ISBN = "0-226-12111-9 (hardcover)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-226-12111-6 (hardcover)",
LCCN = "QC16.F46 F49 2004",
bibdate = "Mon Jun 18 08:16:04 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/uchi052/2003020524.html;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0614/2003020524-b.html;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip049/2003020524.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Fermi, Enrico; archives; nuclear physics",
subject-dates = "1901--1954",
tableofcontents = "Preface \\
Chapter 1 Biographical Introduction \\
Editor's comment \\
Emilio Segr{\`e}: Biographical Introduction \\
Chapter 2 Fermi and the Elucidation of Matter \\
Editor's comment \\
Frank Wilczek: Fermi and the Elucidation of Matter \\
Chapter 3 Letters and a Speech Relating to the
Development of Nuclear Energy \\
Editor's introductory comments \\
Editor's comment 1 \\
To Harry M. Durning, January 16, 1939 \\
Editor's comment 2 \\
From George B. Pegram to S. C. Hooper, March 18, 1939
\\
Editor's comment 3 \\
From Leo Szilard, July 3, 1939 \\
From Leo Szilard, July 5, 1939 \\
From Leo Szilard, July 8, 1939 \\
To Leo Szilard, July 9, 1939 \\
From Leo Szilard, July 11, 1939 \\
Editor's comment 4 \\
From Vannevar Bush, August 15, 1941 \\
Editor's comment 5 \\
From Harry S. Truman, 8/11/5 \\0 Editor's comment 6 \\
``The Genesis of the Nuclear Energy Project,'' January
30, 1954, speech outline \\
``Physics at Columbia University: The Genesis of the
Nuclear Energy Project,'' November 1955 \\
Chapter 4 Correspondence between Fermi and Colleagues:
Scientific, Political, Humorous \\
Editor's comments on letters \\
To Janes F. Byrnes, October 16, 1945 \\
From C. N. Yang, January 5, 1950 \\
To C. N. Yang, January 12, 1950 \\
From Erwin Schr{\"o}dinger, February 10, 1951 \\
To Erwin Schr{\"o}dinger, February 27, 1951 \\
From Fred Reines and Clyde Cowan, October 4, 1952 \\
To Fred Reines, October 8, 1952 \\
To Dean G. Acheson, May 22, 1952 \\
From Linus Pauling, June 16, 1952 \\
From George Gamow, March 13, 1953 \\
To George Gamow, March 24, 1953 \\
From Samuel Goudsmit, March 11, 1953 \\
To Samuel Goudsmit, March 24, 1953 \\
From George Kistiakowsky, September 29, 1953 \\
To George Kistiakowsky, September 30, 1953 \\
From Arthur Compton, December 2, 1953 \\
To Arthur Compton, December 14, 1953 \\
From Owen Chamberlain, February 2, 1954 \\
Chapter 5 Research: Selections from the Archives \\
International House application, June 10, 1940 \\
Editors comment 2 \\
To Walter Bartky, December 3, 1945 \\
Editor's comment 3 \\
Photograph of original members of the Institute for
Nuclear Studies \\
Institute for Nuclear Studies members, 1950 \\
Editor's comment 4 \\
Genesis of theory of cosmic ray acceleration,
1948--1949 \\
Editor's comment 5 \\
Summary page from data book on meson-nucleon
scattering, February 1952 \\
Editor's comment 6 \\
Program for calculation of cyclotron orbits on the
Maniac computer, 1951 \\
Editor's comment 7 \\
Quantum mechanics exam, spring quarter 1954 \\
Editor's comment 8 \\
``The Future of Nuclear Physics,' Rochester, January
10, 1952 \\
Speech outline, January 30, 1954 \\
Chapter 6 Reminiscences of Fermi's Faculty and Research
Colleagues, 1945--1954 \\
Richard Garwin: Working with Fermi at Chicago and
Postwar Los Alamos \\
Murray Gell-Mann: No Shortage of Memories \\
Marvin Goldberger: Enrico Fermi (1901--1954): The
Complete Physicist \\
Roger Hildebrand: Fermi's Classrooms \\
Darragh Nagle: With Fermi at Columbia, Chicago, and Los
Alamos \\
Valentine Telegdi: Reminiscences of Enrico Fermi \\
Albert Wattenberg: Fermi as My Chauffeur (Fermi at
Argonne National Laboratory and Chicago, 1946--1948)
\\
Courtenay Wright: Fermi in Action \\
Chapter 7 Reminiscences of Fermi's Students, 1945--1954
\\
Harold Agnew: A Snapshot of My Interaction with Fermi
\\
Owen Chamberlain: A Brief Reminiscence of Enrico Fermi
\\
Geoffrey Chew: Personal Recollections from 1944--1948
\\
George Farwell: Reminiscences of Fermi \\
Uri Haber-Schaim: Fermi in Varenna, Summer 1954 \\
T. D. Lee: Reminiscences of Chicago Days \\
Jay Orear: My First Meetings with Fermi \\
Arthur Rosenfeld: Reminiscences of Fermi \\
Robert Schluter: Some Reminiscences of Enrico Fermi \\
Jack Steinberger: Fermi and My Graduate Years at
Chicago: Happy Reminiscences \\
Chapter 8 Reminiscences of Students of the Fermi
Period, 1945--1954 \\
Nina Byers: Fermi and Szilard \\
Jerome Friedman: A Student's View of Fermi \\
Maurice Glicksman: Enrico Fermi: Teacher, Colleague,
Mentor \\
Marshall Rosenbluth: A Young Man Encounters Enrico
Fermi \\
Lincoln Wolfenstein: Fermi Interactions \\
C. N. Yang: Reminiscences of Enrico Fermi \\
Gaurang Yodh: This Account Is Not According to the
Mahabharata! \\
Chapter 9 What Can We Learn with High Energy
Accelerators? \\
James W. Cronin: Fermi's Look into His Crystal Ball \\
Further Reading \\
List of Contributors",
}
@Proceedings{Kelly:2004:RMP,
editor = "Cynthia C. Kelly",
booktitle = "Remembering the {Manhattan Project}: Perspectives on
the Making of the Atomic Bomb and Its Legacy",
title = "Remembering the {Manhattan Project}: Perspectives on
the Making of the Atomic Bomb and Its Legacy",
publisher = pub-WORLD-SCI,
address = pub-WORLD-SCI:adr,
pages = "xi + 188",
year = "2004",
ISBN = "981-256-040-8",
ISBN-13 = "978-981-256-040-7",
LCCN = "QC773.A1 R46 2004",
bibdate = "Thu Dec 22 08:45:44 MST 2005",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/peierls-rudolf.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
melvyl.cdlib.org:210/CDL90",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Symposium held Saturday, April 27, 2002, Carnegie
Institution of Washington, Washington, DC, USA. Part I.
A report on the proceedings of the Atomic Heritage
Foundation's Symposium on the Manhattan Project. Part
II. A plan for preserving the Manhattan Project.",
subject = "Atomic bomb; United States; History",
tableofcontents = "Part I: A report on the proceedings \\
1: A History Worth Preserving / 3 \\
Opening remarks / Senator Jeff Bingaman / 5 \\
Opening remarks / Dr. Everet H. Beckner / 9 \\
Preserving the history of the Manhattan project /
Cynthia C. Kelly / 13 \\
2: The Manhattan Project --- a Millennial
Transformation / 15 \\
The atomic bomb in the Second World War / Richard
Rhodes / 17 \\
The Manhattan project: an extraordinary achievement of
the ``American way'' / Stephane Groueff / 31 \\
3: The Allies and the Atomic Bomb / 39 \\
A tale of two documents / Andrew Brown / 41 \\
A footnote on Hiroshima and atomic morality: Conant,
Niebuhr, and an ``emotional'' clergyman, 1945--46 /
James G. Hershberg / 47 \\
A Los Alamos beginning / Kai Bird and Martin Sherwin /
53 \\
4: The Military and Science in the Crucible of War / 61
\\
General Leslie R. Groves and the scientists / Robert S.
Norris / 63 \\
Science in the service of the state: the cautionary
tale of Robert Oppenheimer / Gregg Herken / 69 \\
Leo Szilard: baiting brass hats / William Lanouette /
73--77 \\
5: Speaking from Experience / 79 \\
SEDs at Los Alamos: a personal memoir / Benjamin
Bederson / 81 \\
Some experiences at the Met: lab and what could be
learned from a highly successful and challenging
project / Jerome Karle / 89 \\
My first professional assignment / Isabella Karle / 93
\\
Triumph and tragedy: the odyssey of J. R. Oppenheimer
--- a personal perspective / Maurice M. Shapiro / 97
\\
6: Lessons of the Manhattan Project for the 2l5t
Century / 101 \\
Then and now / Maxine Singer / 103 \\
The Manhattan project: qualitative or quantitative
change? / Stephen Younger / 107 \\
Expertise and independence: the role of the science
advisor / Richard L. Garwin / 111 \\
The future of nuclear deterrence / Richard Rhodes / 117
\\
7: Closing Reflections / 121 \\
Reflections on the Manhattan Project: consequences and
repercussions / Dr. James Schlesinger / 123 \\
Appendix A: Program / 131 \\
Appendix B: Participants / 135 \\
Part II: A plan for preserving the Manhattan project /
141 \\
Preserving America: a strategy for the Manhattan
project / 141 \\
Evaluation of the Manhattan Project Properties / 143 \
Basis for Recommendations / 147 \\
Cross-cutting recommendations / 148 \\
1. Special Resource Study for National Park Units / 148
\\
2. Oral Histories of Manhattan Project Veterans / 149
\\
3. Preservation and Storage of Equipment, Artifacts and
Documents / 149 \\
Preservation strategies for the Manhattan project: two
options / 150 \\
The Essential Manhattan Project (Option A) / 151 \\
Oak Ridge: Isotope Separation and Reactor Operations /
151 \\
Hanford: Plutonium Production / 153 \\
Los Alamos: Designing, Building and Testing the Bomb /
155 \\
The Trinity Site / 156 \\
The Enriched Manhattan Project (Option B) / 156 \\
Oak Ridge / 157 \\
Hanford / 157 \\
Los Alamos / 158 \\
Trinity Site / 158 \\
University of Chicago / 159 \\
University of California, Berkeley / 159 \\
Columbia University / 159 \\
Appendix A. Description of Manhattan Project properties
/ 161 \\
1. Oak Ridge, Tennessee / 161 \\
K-25 Footprint (Isotope Separation) / 161 \\
Roosevelt Cell (Isotope Separation) / 162 \\
K-29 as Described in the O. R. White Paper (Isotope
Separation) / 162 \\
Beta 3 Electromagnetic Separation Racetracks at Y-12
(Isotope Separation) / 162 \\
Building 9731, Known as the Y-12 Pilot Plant (Isotope
Separation and Research) / 163 \\
X-10 Graphite Reactor (Reactor Operations) / 163 \\
American Museum of Science and Energy / 164 \\
2. Hanford, Washington / 164 \\
B Reactor (Fuel Irradiation) / 164 \\
T Plant (Chemical Separation) / 166 \\
T Plant Exhaust Stack (Chemical Separation) / 167 \\
Process Control Laboratory (Chemical Separation) / 167
\\
Concentration Building (Chemical Separation) / 167 \\
Plutonium Isolation Building (Chemical Separation) /
168 \\
Test Pile/Hot Cell Verification Building (Research and
Development) / 168 \\
Separations Laboratory (Research and Development) / 168
\\
Radiochemistry Laboratory (Research and Development) /
168 \\
Fresh Metal Storage Building (Fuel Manufacturing) / 169
\\
Metallurgical Engineering Laboratory (Fuel
Manufacturing) 169 / \\
Metal Fuels Fabrication Facility (Fuel Manufacturing)
169 / \\
River Pump House (Fuel Irradiation) 169 / \\
Lag Storage Building (Fuel Irradiation) 170 / \\
Plutonium Vaults (Product Storage) 170 / \\
3. Los Alamos, New Mexico 170 / \\
``Gun Site'' (Weapons Research and Development) / 171 /
\\
``V Site'' (Weapons Research and Development) / 171 /
\\
Concrete Bowl (Weapons Research and Development) / 172
/ \\
Louis Slatin Accident Building (Biomedical/Health
Physics) / 172 / \\
Quonset Hut TA-22-1 (Weapons Research and Development)
/ 172 / \\
East Guard Tower (Security) / 173 / \\
Pond Cabin (Administrative and Social History) / 173 /
\\
Trinity Test Site (Weapons Research and Development) /
173 / \\
Feature Article: The Frisch--Peierls Memorandum / 175 /
\\
Memorandum on the Properties of a Radioactive
Super-bomb / Otto R. Frisch and Rudolf Peierls / 177--180
\\
Index / 181",
}
@Book{Masters:2007:OWN,
editor = "Dexter Masters and Katharine Way",
booktitle = "One world or none: a report to the public on the full
meaning of the atomic bomb",
title = "One world or none: a report to the public on the full
meaning of the atomic bomb",
publisher = "New Press",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
pages = "xx + 220",
year = "2007",
ISBN = "1-59558-227-4 (hardcover)",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-59558-227-0 (hardcover)",
LCCN = "UG1282.A8 O54 2007",
bibdate = "Thu Sep 15 14:06:49 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Foreword by Niels Bohr. Introduction by Arthur H.
Compton. Reprint of \cite{Masters:1946:OWN}.",
URL = "http://thenewpress.com/index.php?option=com_title&task=view_title&metaproductid=1703;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0718/2007020838.htm",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "atomic bomb; nuclear energy; nuclear weapons; nuclear
warfare; moral and ethical aspects; scientists'
writings; security, international; forecasting",
tableofcontents = "If the bomb gets out of hand / Philip Morrison \\
It's an old story with the stars / Harlow Shapley \\
Roots of the atomic age / Eugene P. Wigner \\
The new power / Gale Young \\
The new weapon: the turn of the screw / J. R.
Oppenheimer \\
Air force in the atomic age / H. H. Arnold \\
There is no defense / Louis N. Ridenour \\
The new technique of private War / E. U. Condon \\
How close is the danger? / Frederick Seitz and Hans
Bethe \\
An atomic arms race and its alternatives / Irving
Langmuir \\
How does it all add up? / Harold C. Urey \\
Can we avert an arms race by an inspection system? /
Leo Szilard \\
International control of atomic energy / Walter
Lippmann \\
The way out / Albert Einstein \\
Survival is at stake / The Federation of American
(Atomic) Scientists",
}
@Book{Scully:2007:DQP,
author = "Robert J. Scully",
booktitle = "The demon and the quantum: from the {Pythagorean}
mystics to {Maxwell}'s demon and quantum mystery",
title = "The demon and the quantum: from the {Pythagorean}
mystics to {Maxwell}'s demon and quantum mystery",
publisher = "Wiley-VCH",
address = "Weinheim, Germany",
pages = "viii + 271",
year = "2007",
ISBN = "3-527-40688-3 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-3-527-40688-3 (paperback)",
LCCN = "QC174.12 .S43 2007",
bibdate = "Sat Aug 22 11:35:22 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/pauli-wolfgang.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "with endnotes by Marlan O. (Marlan Orvil) Scully.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Quantum theory; Nuclear physics; Atomic theory;
Maxwell's demon",
tableofcontents = "Introduction / 1 \\
1 Mathematics, Mysticism, and More: From Pythagoras and
Plato to Pauli / 7 \\
2 Mass in Motion: Kepler, Newton and Kelvin lay the
foundations / 25 \\
3 From Engines to Entropy: Carnot and Clausius develop
the yardstick of engine efficiency / 41 \\
4 From Statistical Entropy to Statistical Time:
Thermodynamics evolves from being an engineer's coal
pit to becoming a philosopher's gold mine / 55 \\
5 Maxwell's Demon and Szilard's One Atom Engine: A
heady mixture of entropy, information and consciousness
/ 65 \\
6 Quantum Mechanics I: From magnets to masers / 75 \\
7 Using Quantum Mechanics to Resolve the Maxwell Demon
Paradox: Solving the demon problem with quantum
mechanics but without information science, sweat or
tears / 93 \\
8 Quantum Mechanics II: The wave side of particles and
the particle side of waves / 105 \\
9 From Wigner's Friend to Quantum Eraser: Of Wigner's
friends and their amnesia / 121 \\
10 On Quantum Mechanics and the Big Questions: From
quantum controversy to Pauli's spiritual
complementarity / 137 \\
Endnotes / 165 \\
Acknowledgements / 247 \\
Glossary / 249 \\
Citations, Comments and Further Readings / 257 \\
Index / 263",
}
@Book{Hargittai:2010:JET,
author = "Istv{\'a}n Hargittai",
booktitle = "Judging {Edward Teller}: a closer look at one of the
most influential scientists of the {Twentieth
Century}",
title = "Judging {Edward Teller}: a closer look at one of the
most influential scientists of the {Twentieth
Century}",
publisher = pub-PROMETHEUS-BOOKS,
address = pub-PROMETHEUS-BOOKS:adr,
pages = "575",
year = "2010",
ISBN = "1-61614-221-9 (hardcover)",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-61614-221-6 (hardcover)",
LCCN = "QC16.T37 H37 2010",
bibdate = "Thu Oct 6 06:57:45 MDT 2011",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/m/metropolis-nicholas.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/o/oppenheimer-j-robert.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/t/teller-edward.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/u/ulam-stanislaw-m.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/biometrika1970.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/bullatsci.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Afterword by Richard Garwin.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
shorttableofcontents = "Teller in Hungary: origins and background \\
Germany: road to science \\
Transitions \\
Atomic bomb quest \\
No calm before the storm \\
Fathering the hydrogen bomb \\
From worrier to warrior \\
Double tragedy: Teller and Oppenheimer \\
Fallout and test ban \\
``A monomaniac with many manias'' \\
Warring the stars \\
Final thoughts",
subject = "Teller, Edward; Physicists; United States; Biography;
Scientists; Hungarian Americans; Atomic bomb; History",
subject-dates = "1908--2003",
tableofcontents = "Foreword by Peter Lax / 15 \\
Preface / 19 \\
I: Teller in Hungary: Origins and Background / 27 \\
Broader Background / 29 \\
Origins / 37 \\
Childhood / 41 \\
Gimn{\'a}zium Experience / 43 \\
Higher Learning Begins / 49 \\
Family Fate / 54 \\
2: Germany: Road to Science / 61 \\
Why Germany? / 61 \\
Karlsruhe and Munich / 66 \\
Leipzig and G{\"o}ttingen / 69 \\
Teller and Germany / 81 \\
3: Transitions / 91 \\
Copenhagen and London / 92 \\
New World / 102 \\
``Molecule Inspector'' / 104 \\
Enter Nuclear Physics / 116 \\
4: Atomic Bomb Quest / 123 \\
Idyll Ending / 124 \\
War-Footing / 136 \\
Roots of Anticommunism / 146 \\
Bomb Dilemmas / 152 \\
5: No Calm Before the Storm / 165 \\
Chicago / 168 \\
Lasting Friendship / 173 \\
Mici / 177 \\
Entering Politics / 178 \\
Reactor Safety / 186 \\
The Big Debate / 189 \\
6: Fathering the Hydrogen Bomb / 205 \\
Hydrogen Bomb Quest / 207 \\
Can We Know the Past? / 225 \\
7: From Worrier to Warrior / 243 \\
Road to Livermore / 244 \\
Lengthened Shadows / 254 \\
Teller Tech / 273 \\
8: Double Tragedy: Teller and Oppenheimer / 277 \\
Parallel Lives / 278 \\
The Case and the Hearing / 294 \\
Aftermath / 304 \\
``Dangerous Mole'' / 311 \\
9: Fallout and Test Ban / 317 \\
Against the Test Ban / 319 \\
Teller versus Pauling / 323 \\
Continued Opposition / 329 \\
Teller-Szilard Debates / 337 \\
``Reluctant Revolutionary'' / 342 \\
Against Other Treaties / 345 \\
Nuclear Winter / 348 \\
10: ``A Monomaniac With Many Manias'' / 353 \\
Coding Excursion / 354 \\
Taste of Bidding / 356 \\
TRIGA / 359 \\
Politics Unlimited / 360 \\
``And They Shall Beat Their Plowshare into Chariot'' /
368 \\
Secrecy / 378 \\
Three Mile Island / 385 \\
11: Warring the Stars / 389 \\
Great Alliance / 390 \\
SDI / 392 \\
Vision and Dedication / 397 \\
Excalibur / 403 \\
World Politics / 413 \\
Brilliant Pebbles / 417 \\
Summits / 418 \\
12: Final Thoughts / 425 \\
Homecoming / 427 \\
Being Jewish / 431 \\
Russian Connection / 433 \\
Assessment / 436 \\
Labels / 442 \\
Advising / 446 \\
Two Tellers (At Least) / 449 \\
Legacy / 453 \\
Afterword by Richard Garwin / 457 \\
Timeline: Selected Events in Edward Teller's Life / 461
\\
Acknowledgments / 465 \\
Biographical Names / 469 \\
Notes / 489 \\
Index / 549",
}
@Proceedings{Marks:2011:DLP,
editor = "Shula Marks and Paul Weindling and Laura Wintour",
booktitle = "{In defence of learning: the plight, persecution, and
placement of academic refugees, 1933-1980s}",
title = "{In defence of learning: the plight, persecution, and
placement of academic refugees, 1933-1980s}",
volume = "169",
publisher = pub-OXFORD,
address = pub-OXFORD:adr,
pages = "xx + 320",
year = "2011",
ISBN = "0-19-726481-6",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-19-726481-2",
LCCN = "HV640.4.G7 I55 2011",
bibdate = "Fri Jan 11 13:09:50 MST 2013",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
note = "Published for the British Academy.",
series = "Proceedings of the British Academy",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy1205/2011284500-b.html;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy1205/2011284500-d.html;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy1205/2011284500-t.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Contributions given at a conference held at the
British Academy on 3--4 December 2008, to celebrate the
75th anniversary of the founding of the Academic
Assistance Council (AAC) in 1933, later the Society for
the Protection of Science and Learning (SPSL) (1936-98)
and now the Council for Assisting Refugee Academics
(CARA).",
subject = "Refugees; History; 20th century; Political refugees;
Great Britain; College teachers; World War, 1939-1945;
Vluchtelingen; Academici",
}
@Book{Schils:2012:HJW,
author = "Ren{\'e} Schils",
booktitle = "How {James Watt} invented the copier: forgotten
inventions of our great scientists",
title = "How {James Watt} invented the copier: forgotten
inventions of our great scientists",
publisher = pub-SV,
address = pub-SV:adr,
pages = "vii + 170",
year = "2012",
ISBN = "1-4614-0859-8 (softcover), 1-4614-0860-1 (e-book)",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-4614-0859-8 (softcover), 978-1-4614-0860-4
(e-book)",
LCCN = "T15 .S35513 2012",
bibdate = "Wed May 30 08:42:14 MDT 2012",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/g/gamow-george.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Inventions; History; Science; Inventors; Biography;
Scientists",
tableofcontents = "Johannes Kepler \\
Robert Hooke \\
Edmond Halley \\
Daniel Bernoulli \\
Benjamin Franklin \\
Joseph Priestly \\
James Watt \\
Edward Jenner \\
John Dalton \\
Thomas Young \\
Justus von Liebig \\
Charles Darwin \\
William Thompson (Lord Kelvin) \\
James Clerk Maxwell \\
Alexander Graham Bell \\
Hendrik Antoon Lorentz \\
Svante Arrhenius \\
Pierre Curie \\
Walther Nernst \\
Albert Einstein \\
Harlow Shapley \\
Erwin Schr{\"o}dinger \\
Enrico Fermi \\
Rosalind Franklin \\
George Gamow",
}
@Book{Brillouin:2013:SIT,
author = "L{\'e}on Brillouin",
booktitle = "Science and Information Theory",
title = "Science and Information Theory",
publisher = pub-DOVER,
address = pub-DOVER:adr,
edition = "Second",
pages = "xv + 351",
year = "2013",
ISBN = "0-486-49755-0 (paperback)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-486-49755-6 (paperback)",
LCCN = "Q360 .B75 2013",
bibdate = "Thu May 21 08:02:52 MDT 2015",
bibsource = "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
z3950.loc.gov:7090/Voyager",
URL = "http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy1307/2012051388-d.html;
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy1318/2012051388-t.html",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
author-dates = "1889--1969",
keywords = "Leo Szilard",
remark = "Republication of \cite{Brillouin:1956:SIT}.",
subject = "Information theory",
tableofcontents = "Preface \\
Introduction \\
1. The Definition of Information \\
2. Applications of the Definitions and General
Discussion \\
3. Redundancy in the English Language \\
4. Principles of Coding, Discussion of the Capacity of
a Channel \\
5. Coding Problems \\
6. Error Detecting and Correcting Codes \\
7. Applications to Some Special Problems \\
8. The Analysis of Signals: Fourier Method and Sampling
Procedure \\
9. Summary of Thermodynamics \\
10. Thermal Agitation and Brownian Motion \\
11. Thermal Noise in an Electric Circuit; Nyquist's
Formula \\
12. The Negentropy Principle of Information \\
13. Maxwell's Demon and the Negentropy Principle of
Information \\
14. The Negentropy Principle of Information in General
Physics \\
15. Observation and Information \\
16. Information Theory, the Uncertainty Principle, and
Physical Limits of Observation \\
17. The Negentropy Principle of Information in
Telecommunications \\
18. Writing, Printing, and Reading \\
19. The Problem of Computing \\
20. Information, Organization, and Other Problems \\
21. Inevitable Errors, Determinism, and Information \\
22. The Problem of Very Small Distances \\
Author Index \\
Subject Index \\
Books Published by L. Brillouin",
}
@Book{Farmelo:2013:CBHa,
author = "Graham Farmelo",
booktitle = "{Churchill}'s bomb: a hidden history of science, war
and politics",
title = "{Churchill}'s bomb: a hidden history of science, war
and politics",
publisher = pub-FABER-FABER,
address = pub-FABER-FABER:adr,
pages = "x + 554 + 12",
year = "2013",
ISBN = "0-571-24978-7 (hardcover)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-571-24978-7 (hardcover)",
LCCN = "????",
bibdate = "Fri Oct 31 06:10:37 MDT 2014",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.bib",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Churchill, Winston; (Winston Leonard Spencer);
Lindemann, Frederick Alexander (Viscount Lord Cherwell)
(The `Prof'); Prime ministers; Great Britain;
Biography; World War, 1939--1945; Science; Atomic bomb;
Kernwapenpolitiek; Kernwapens; Verenigd Koninkrijk van
Groot-Brittanni{\"e} en Noord-Ierland",
subject-dates = "1874--1965 (WSC); 1886--1957 (FAL)",
tableofcontents = "Dedication \\
List of Plates \\
Epigraphs \\
Prologue \\
February 1955 Churchill, his nuclear scientists and the
bomb \\
1: Towards the Nuclear Age \\
1894--1925 Wells and his liberating `atomic bombs' \\
1924--1932 Churchill glimpses a nuclear future \\
1932 Rutherford: nuclear sceptic \\
March 1933 to December 1934 The Prof advises a
`scientist who missed his vocation' \\
September 1933 to February 1935 Szil{\'a}rd's nuclear
epiphany \\
February 1934 to October 1935 Churchill fears war ---
and that nuclear energy will soon be harnassed \\
November 1938 to September 1939 Bohr thinks the Bomb is
`inconceivable' \\
2: World War II \\
August to December 1939 Churchill --- nuclear weapons
will not be ready for the war \\
September 1939 to February 1940 Chadwick doubts that
the Bomb is viable \\
October 1939 to July 1940 FDR receives a nuclear
warning \\
March to June 1940 Frisch and Peierls discover how to
make the Bomb \\
May and June 1940 Churchill has more pressing problems
\\
June to September 1940 Thomson and his MAUD committee
debate policy on the Bomb \\
August 1940 to August 1941 In his finest hour,
Churchill begs America for help \\
July and August 1941 Chadwick believes Britain should
build its own Bomb \\
August 1941 to January 1942 Oliphant bustles in America
\\
November 1941 to July 1942 Churchill talks about the
Bomb with FDR \\
January 1942 to January 1943 Akers attempts a merger
\\
October 1942 to July 1943 Bush aims for an American
monopoly \\
January to September 1943 Churchill's nuclear deal with
FDR \\
September 1943 to May 1944 Bohr takes a political
initiative \\
April to September 1944 The Bulldog meets the Great
Dane \\
February 1944 to July 1945 Chadwick witnesses the first
nuclear explosion \\
1 July to 5 August 1945 Churchill says yes to dropping
the Bomb \\
3: Churchill as Leader of the Opposition \\
August 1945 to January 1949 Blackett: nuclear heretic
\\
August 1945 to August 1945 Churchill the Cold Warrior
\\
February and March 1950 Peierls and `the spy of the
century' \\
February 1950 to Spring 1951 Churchill softens his line
on the Bomb \\
August 1945 to October 1951 Penney delivers the British
Bomb \\
4: Churchill's Second Premiership \\
October 1951 to December 1952 Churchill --- Britain's
first nuclear Premier \\
1953 Hinton engineers nuclear power \\
March 1953 to February 1954 Churchill the nuclear
missionary \\
March to December 1954 Cockcroft becomes a confidant of
the Prime Minister \\
April 1954 to April 1955 Churchill's nuclear swansong
\\
Epilogues \\
1954 Onwards 1: Churchill's nuclear scientists \\
6 April 1955 Onwards 2: Churchill and his Prof \\
Acknowledgements \\
References \\
Index \\
Plates \\
About the Author \\
By the Same Author",
}
@Book{Farmelo:2013:CBHb,
author = "Graham Farmelo",
booktitle = "{Churchill}'s bomb: how the {United States} overtook
{Britain} in the first nuclear arms race",
title = "{Churchill}'s bomb: how the {United States} overtook
{Britain} in the first nuclear arms race",
publisher = pub-BASIC-BOOKS,
address = pub-BASIC-BOOKS:adr,
pages = "vi + 554",
year = "2013",
ISBN = "0-465-02195-6 (hardcover), 0-465-06989-4 (e-book)",
ISBN-13 = "978-0-465-02195-6 (hardcover), 978-0-465-06989-7
(e-book)",
LCCN = "UA647 .F28 2013",
bibdate = "Fri Oct 31 07:19:01 MDT 2014",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/master.bib",
abstract = "Describes how the science behind Britain's nuclear
arms advances at the beginning of World War II was
given to America because Winston Churchill didn't fully
believe in the physicists' research or the implications
of such powerful weaponry.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
subject = "Churchill, Winston; Military leadership; Cherwell,
Frederick Alexander Lindemann; Viscount; Churchill,
Winston; Viscount; Churchill, Winston; World War,
1939-1945; Science; Great Britain; Nuclear weapons;
Government policy; History; Atomic bomb; United States;
Kernwaffe; Kernphysik; Atomic bomb; Military
leadership; Military policy; Military relations;
Government policy; Science; Military policy; 20th
century; Military relations",
subject-dates = "1874--1965 (WSC); 1886--1957 (FAL)",
tableofcontents = "Towards the nuclear age \\
World War II \\
Churchill as leader of the opposition \\
Churchill's second premiership \\
Epilogues \\
Acknowledgments \\
References \\
Notes \\
Index",
}
@Book{Fernandez:2013:UMA,
author = "Bernard Fernandez and Georges Ripka",
booktitle = "Unravelling the Mystery of the Atomic Nucleus --- a
Sixty Year Journey 1896--1956",
title = "Unravelling the Mystery of the Atomic Nucleus --- a
Sixty Year Journey 1896--1956",
publisher = pub-SV,
address = pub-SV:adr,
pages = "xviii + 522",
year = "2013",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4181-6",
ISBN = "1-4614-4180-3 (hardcover), 1-4614-4181-1 (e-book)",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-4614-4180-9 (hardcover), 978-1-4614-4181-6
(e-book)",
LCCN = "QC773 .F47 2013",
bibdate = "Mon Apr 23 15:26:52 MDT 2018",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bethe-hans.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/born-max.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/d/debroglie-louis.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/d/dirac-p-a-m.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/fermi-enrico.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/g/gamow-george.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/h/heisenberg-werner.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/pauli-wolfgang.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/peierls-rudolf.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/p/planck-max.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/schroedinger-erwin.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/w/wigner-eugene.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
abstract = "\booktitle{Unravelling the Mystery of the Atomic
Nucleus} tells the story of how, in the span of barely
sixty years, we made a transition from the belief that
matter was composed of indivisible atoms, to the
discovery that in the heart of each atom lies a nucleus
which is ten thousand times smaller than the atom,
which nonetheless carries almost all its mass, and the
transformations of which involve energies that could
never be reached by chemical reactions. It was not a
smooth transition. The nature of nuclei, their
properties, the physical laws which govern their
behaviour, and the possibility of controlling to some
extent their transformations, were discovered in
discontinuous steps, following paths which occasionally
led to errors which in turn were corrected by further
experimental discoveries. The story begins in 1896 when
radioactivity was unexpectedly discovered and continues
up to the nineteen-sixties. The authors describe the
spectacular progress made by physics during that time,
which not only revealed a new form of matter, namely
nuclei, but also modified our way of thinking by
developing quantum mechanics and the theory of
relativity. The book is written in a clear and non
mathematical language which makes it both accessible
and instructive to laymen, physicists and students, as
well as to historians of science. It delves into
subjects which are of utmost importance for the
understanding of matter in our universe and for
understanding how this knowledge was achieved.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Substantially revised by the authors from the French
original, \booktitle{De l atome au noyau. Une approche
historique et de la physique nucl{\'e}aire}, Ellipses
(2006), and viewed by them as a second edition.",
subject = "Nuclear physics; History; stralingschemie;
deeltjesfysica; Pure sciences. Natural sciences
(general); quarks; History of physics; Nuclear
chemistry; wetenschapsgeschiedenis; Physics; fysica;
Nuclear physics.",
tableofcontents = "Radioactivity: The First Puzzles / 1 \\
The ``Uranic Rays'' of Henri Becquerel / 1 \\
The Discovery / 2 \\
Is It Really Phosphorescence? / 4 \\
What Is the Nature of the Radiation? / 5 \\
A Limited Impact on Scientists and the Public / 6 \\
Why 1896? / 7 \\
Was Radioactivity Discovered by Chance? / 7 \\
Polonium and Radium / 9 \\
Marya Sk{\l}odowska / 9 \\
Pierre Curie / 10 \\
Polonium and Radium: Pierre and Marie Curie Invent
Radiochemistry / 11 \\
Enigmas / 14 \\
Emanation from Thorium / 17 \\
Ernest Rutherford / 17 \\
Rutherford Studies Radioactivity: $\alpha$- and
$\beta$-Rays / 18 \\
$\beta$-Rays Are Electrons / 19 \\
Rutherford in Montreal: The Radiation of Thorium, the
Exponential Decrease / 19 \\
``Induced'' and ``Excited'' Radioactivity / 20 \\
Elster and Geitel: The Radioactivity of the Air and of
the Earth / 22 \\
A Third Type of Ray: $\gamma$-Rays / 24 \\
The Emanation of Thorium Is a Gas Belonging to the
Argon Family / 24 \\
A Proliferation of ``X'' Radiations / 25 \\
``An Enigma, a Deeply Astonishing Subject'' / 26 \\
The Puzzle Is Disentangled / 27 \\
$\alpha$-Rays Revisited / 29 \\
Radioactivity Is an Atomic Decay / 30 \\
The Puzzle Is Unravelled: Radioactive Families / 30 \\
Where Does the Energy of Radioactivity Come from? \\
The Conjecture of Rutherford / 32 \\
Experimental Evidence of Transmutation / 35 \\
Radioactivity is Understood. Radioactive Families / 35
\\
Consecrations and Mourning: The End of an Era / 37 \\
1903: Henri Becquerel Shares the Nobel Prize with
Pierre and Marie Curie / 37 \\
The Death of Pierre Curie / 39 \\
1908: Rutherford is Awarded the Nobel Prize / 40 \\
The Death of Henri Becquerel / 40 \\
References / 41 \\
A Nucleus at the Heart of the Atom / 47 \\
Prehistory of the Atom / 47 \\
Eighteenth Century: The Abbot Nollet / 48 \\
Beginning of the Nineteenth Century: John Dalton,
William Prout, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and Amp{\`e}re /
49 \\
Do Atoms Really Exist? / 50 \\
1865: Loschmidt Estimates the Size of Air Molecules /
51 \\
Spectral Lines: A First Indication of an Internal
Structure of Atoms / 52 \\
Jean Perrin Advocates the Reality of Atoms / 52 \\
1897: The Electrons Are in the Atom / 55 \\
Electric Discharges in Gases, Cathode Rays and the
Electron / 55 \\
``Dynamids'': The Atoms of Philipp Lenard / 55 \\
Numeric Attempts to Describe Spectral Rays: Balmer and
Rydberg / 56 \\
J. J. Thomson's First Model: An Atom Consisting
Entirely of Electrons / 57 \\
A Speculation of Jean Perrin: The Atom Is Like a Small
Scale Solar System / 57 \\
The ``Saturn'' Model of Hantaro Nagaoka / 58 \\
The ``Plum-Pudding'' Atom of J. J. Thomson / 59 \\
Charles Barkla Measures the Number of Electrons in an
Atom / 60 \\
The Scattering of $\alpha$ Particles Makes It Possible
to ``See'' a Nucleus in the Atom / 63 \\
An Observation of Marie Curie / 63 \\
William Henry Bragg: The Slowing Down of
$\alpha$-Particles in Matter / 63 \\
The ``Scattering'' of $\alpha$-Particles / 65 \\
The Nature of the $\alpha$-Particle: An Unresolved
Question / 66 \\
The First Geiger Counter / 67 \\
The Nature of the $\alpha$-Particle / 69 \\
Another Way to Count $\alpha$-Particles: Scintillations
/ 70 \\
Back to the Scattering of $\alpha$-Particles / 71 \\
The Experiments of Geiger and Marsden / 72 \\
Are the Large Deviations Caused by Multiple Small
Deviations? / 73 \\
Rutherford Invents the Nucleus / 74 \\
A Last Ingredient: Moseley Measures the Charge of the
Nucleus in the Atom / 77 \\
Barkla Creates X-ray Spectroscopy / 77 \\
The Diffraction of X-rays: Max von Laue, William Henry
and William Lawrence Bragg / 78 \\
Henry Moseley Measures the Charge of Nuclei / 79 \\
A Paradox / 81 \\
References / 83 \\
Quantum Mechanics: The Unavoidable Path / 89 \\
Branching Off / 89 \\
An Improbable Beginning / 91 \\
The Peak of Classical Mechanics / 91 \\
A Persistent Problem / 92 \\
1900: Max Planck Invents the Quantum of the Action / 94
\\
A Quantum of Action / 96 \\
Einstein and Light Quanta / 96 \\
The Specific Heat of Solids / 99 \\
The First Solvay Council and the Theory of Quanta / 99
\\
Niels Bohr: The Quanta Are in the Atom / 103 \\
Bohr Introduces Quanta in the Theory of the Atom / 103
\\
``On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules'' / 105
\\
Two Other Papers in Bohr's 1913 Trilogy / 108 \\
1913--1923: Victories and Setbacks / 109 \\
Skepticism, Enthusiasm and Adhesion / 109 \\
Confirmation: The Experiment of Franck and Hertz / 110
\\
A Proliferation of Optical Lines: The Zeeman and Stark
Effects / 110 \\
Arnold Sommerfeld: Elliptic Orbits and New Quantum
Numbers / 111 \\
Relativistic Corrections and the Fine Structure
Constant / 112 \\
A Hoax! / 113 \\
A Further Contribution of Einstein: The Interaction
Between Radiation and Matter / 113 \\
The Stark Effect: A Victory of the Theory of Quanta /
114 \\
The ``Correspondence Principle'' / 115 \\
Kossel, Bohr and the Mendeleev Table / 116 \\
The Rare Earths / 118 \\
1918, 1921 and 1922: Three Nobel Prizes Attributed to
Quanta / 118 \\
1925: Spin and the Pauli Principle / 121 \\
Wolfgang Pauli / 121 \\
Max Born / 122 \\
The Stern and Gerlach Experiment / 123 \\
The Compton Effect / 124 \\
A Strange Explanation of the Zeeman Effect / 125 \\
Pauli's Exclusion Principle / 126 \\
The ``Spin'' of the Electron / 127 \\
Quantum Mechanics / 131 \\
Louis de Broglie / 131 \\
Heisenberg and Matrix Mechanics / 133 \\
New Physics / 135 \\
Pauli Applies the New Mechanics to the Spectrum of
Hydrogen / 136 \\
The Schr{\"o}dinger Equation / 136 \\
Heisenberg and Schr{\"o}dinger, Two Sides of the Same
Coin / 139 \\
The Probabilistic Interpretation of Max Born and the
End of Determinism / 139 \\
The Pauli Matrices / 141 \\
Indistinguishable Particles: Bose-Einstein
``Statistics'' / 141 \\
Enrico Fermi: A New ``Statistics'' / 143 \\
Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac / 144 \\
``Bosons'' and ``Fermions'' / 147 \\
The Uncertainty Relations of Heisenberg / 148 \\
Nobel Acknowledgments / 152 \\
The Fifth Solvay Council: An Assessment of the New
Mechanics / 153 \\
The German Language, the Language of Quantum Mechanics
/ 154 \\
A Brief Bibliography / 155 \\
References / 157 \\
A Timid Infancy / 163 \\
The Atomic Nucleus in 1913 / 163 \\
The Discovery of Isotopes and the Measurement of Masses
of Nuclei / 165 \\
The Chemistry of Radioactive Products / 165 \\
Frederick Soddy / 166 \\
Isotopes / 166 \\
The Revival of Positively Charged ``Canal Rays'' / 168
\\
The First Physical Measurements of Atomic Masses / 168
\\
Francis Aston and the First Mass Spectrometer / 169 \\
The ``Whole Number Law'' and the Old Hypothesis of
William Prout / 171 \\
The Exceptional Mass of the Hydrogen Atom / 173 \\
A Nobel Prize for the ``Whole-Number Rule'' / 175 \\
The Atomic Masses Known in 1932: The Binding Energy of
Nuclei / 176 \\
An Enquiry Full of Surprises: $\beta$ Radioactivity /
179 \\
The Velocity of the $\beta$ Electrons / 180 \\
Otto Hahn / 180 \\
Lise Meitner / 182 \\
Hahn, Meitner and $\beta$ Radioactivity / 184 \\
The First ``$\beta$ Spectrometer'' / 185 \\
The Kaiser Wilhelm Institut / 186 \\
Clouds Are Gathering / 186 \\
James Chadwick: A Continuous $\beta$ Spectrum! / 187
\\
Is It Really a Continuous Spectrum? / 189 \\
In Berlin: The War / 190 \\
Lise Meitner Returns to $\beta$ Radioactivity / 190 \\
The Decisive Experiment of Charles Ellis / 191 \\
A Scandal: Energy May Not Be Conserved! / 193 \\
Geiger and Bothe: A ``Coincidence'' Experiment / 193
\\
The Idea of Wolfgang Pauli / 194 \\
But Why Are So Many Spectral Lines Observed? The Key to
the Mystery / 196 \\
The First Nuclear Reactions / 199 \\
The First Nuclear Reaction / 200 \\
Sir Ernest Rutherford, Cavendish Professor of Physics /
202 \\
New Nuclear Reactions / 202 \\
A Controversy Between Vienna and Cambridge / 203 \\
How Do the Transmutations Occur? / 205 \\
The Nucleus in 1920 According to Rutherford / 207 \\
The Size of the Nucleus / 208 \\
The Constitution of the Nucleus and of Isotopes / 208
\\
Rutherford the Visionary: The Neutron / 209 \\
Chadwick Hunts for New Forces / 210 \\
The Rapid Expansion of Experimental Means / 213 \\
Scintillation Methods / 213 \\
The Point Counter / 214 \\
The Geiger--M{\"u}ller Counter / 215 \\
A Digression: The Birth and Development of Wireless
Radio / 216 \\
The Electronically Amplified Ionization Chamber / 217
\\
Coincidence Measurements / 219 \\
The Measurement of the Energy of $\gamma$ Radiation /
220 \\
A Unique Detector: Wilson's Cloud Chamber / 222 \\
The Atomic Nucleus in 1930 / 227 \\
Some Certainties and One Enigma / 228 \\
At the Beginning of 1932, the Enigma Remains / 231 \\
References / 233 \\
1930--1940: A Dazzling Development / 241 \\
The Nucleus: A New Boundary / 241 \\
Quantum Mechanics Acting in the Nucleus / 242 \\
Salomon Rosenblum and the Fine Structure of $\alpha$
Radioactivity / 244 \\
1931: The First International Congress of Nuclear
Physics / 246 \\
The Discovery of an Exceptional Isotope: Deuterium /
249 \\
The Discovery of the Neutron / 253 \\
Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric and Ir{\`e}ne Joliot-Curie / 254 \\
Protons Are Ejected / 256 \\
The Neutron Is Revealed / 257 \\
Is the Neutron Lighter or Heavier than the Proton? /
258 \\
Nuclear Theory After the Discovery of the Neutron / 263
\\
Werner Heisenberg / 263 \\
Ettore Majorana / 267 \\
Eugene P. Wigner / 270 \\
Do the Protons and Neutrons form Shells as Electrons Do
in the Atom? / 271 \\
A New Particle: The Positron / 279 \\
Cosmic Rays / 279 \\
Blackett and Occhialini / 280 \\
Carl Anderson Discovers a Positive Electron / 282 \\
The Positive Electron of Anderson and that of Dirac /
283 \\
Ir{\`e}ne and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Joliot-Curie / 286 \\
The Birth of Particle Accelerators / 289 \\
Direct Acceleration: A High-Voltage Race / 290 \\
Acceleration in Steps / 295 \\
``Charge Independence'' of the Nuclear Force / 303 \\
The Discovery of Artificial Radioactivity / 305 \\
The Joliot-Curies After the Solvay Council / 307 \\
``A New Kind of Radioactivity'' / 308 \\
The Chemical Proof / 309 \\
It Spreads like Wildfire / 310 \\
The Importance of the Discovery / 311 \\
New Perspectives for Radioactive Indicators / 312 \\
The Death of Marie Curie / 313 \\
The 1935 Nobel Prizes Are Attributed to Chadwick and to
the Joliot-Curies / 314 \\
The School of Rome / 315 \\
The Theory of $\beta$ Decay / 316 \\
Neutron Physics in Rome / 318 \\
``Slow'' Neutrons / 321 \\
A New Field in Nuclear Physics / 323 \\
Resonances / 324 \\
Fermi Is Awarded the Nobel Prize. The End of the Rome
Team / 326 \\
The Great Exodus of Jewish Scientists Under Nazism /
327 \\
A Proliferation of Theories: Yukawa, Breit and Wigner,
Bohr / 331 \\
Hideki Yukawa / 331 \\
The First Theories of Nuclear Reactions / 335 \\
The Structure of the Nucleus According to Bohr in 1937
/ 338 \\
The Death of a Giant: Ernest Rutherford / 341 \\
Hans Bethe Sums Up the Situation in 1936--1937 / 343
\\
Hans Albrecht Bethe / 343 \\
The Structure of Nuclei / 344 \\
Nuclear Reactions / 348 \\
The Fission of Uranium / 349 \\
A Fragile Discovery: The Transuranic Elements / 349 \\
Loads of ``Transuranic'' Elements / 352 \\
At the Institut du Radium / 354 \\
Lise Meitner Flees Nazi Germany / 358 \\
Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann Set Again to Work / 359
\\
More and More Disconcerting Results / 360 \\
The Word Is Finally Uttered / 363 \\
The News Spreads to the United States / 364 \\
Confirmations / 365 \\
Niels Bohr: The Theory of Fission, Uranium 235 / 368
\\
The Number of Emitted Neutrons / 370 \\
Leo Szilard / 371 \\
Is a Chain Reaction Possible? / 372 \\
The Last Publications Before the War / 375 \\
Francis Perrin and the Critical Mass / 377 \\
French Patents / 378 \\
References / 381 \\
The Upheavals of the Second World War / 395 \\
A Chronology / 395 \\
The New Face of Physics After the War / 401 \\
Big Science: Physics on a Large Scale / 402 \\
Team Work / 402 \\
The H-Bomb: Political and Military Implications / 403
\\
The American Supremacy / 404 \\
Europe and Japan After the War / 405 \\
Is ``Big Science'' Really the Result of the War? / 409
\\
References / 411 \\
The Time of Maturity / 413 \\
New Experimental Means / 413 \\
New Accelerators Have Ever Increasing Energies / 414
\\
New Detectors, New Measuring Instruments / 419 \\
Data Accumulate / 425 \\
The Papers of Bethe / 425 \\
Real Transuranic Nuclei / 425 \\
The Lifetime of the Neutron / 429 \\
Electron Scattering and the Electric Charge
Distribution in Nuclei / 430 \\
The ``Shell'' Structure of Nuclei / 433 \\
A Model of Quasi-independent Particles? / 434 \\
The Symmetries and Supermultiplets of Wigner and
Feenberg / 434 \\
Arguments Put Forth by Maria Goeppert-Mayer / 435 \\
The Spin-Orbit Interaction / 436 \\
Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen / 437 \\
A Paradoxical Model / 438 \\
Elastic Scattering and the ``Optical Model'' / 441 \\
The Nucleus Is Like a Cloudy Crystal Ball / 442 \\
``Optical'' Attempts / 442 \\
The Woods--Saxon ``Optical'' Potential / 443 \\
The Computer: A Decisive Instrument / 444 \\
Direct Nuclear Reactions / 447 \\
The Stripping of a Deuteron / 448 \\
Direct Reactions and Reactions Which Proceed Though the
Formation of a Compound Nucleus / 452 \\
A Collective Behavior / 455 \\
Photonuclear Reactions / 455 \\
Giant Resonances / 456 \\
Are All Nuclei Spherical? / 457 \\
The Quadrupole Moment: An Indicator of Nuclear
Deformation / 458 \\
James Rainwater and Aage Bohr / 458 \\
Aage Bohr, the Resolution of a Paradox / 460 \\
A Unified Model of the Nucleus / 463 \\
Ben Mottelson / 463 \\
New Data, New Confirmations / 464 \\
Bohr and Mottelson: The Key to Nuclear Spectra / 465
\\
The Birth of Nuclear Spectroscopy / 467 \\
Nobel Awards / 468 \\
The Nuclear Force / 469 \\
The Discovery of the $\pi$ Meson / 469 \\
The $\pi^0$ Completes the Pion Trio / 470 \\
The Hard Core / 471 \\
Nuclear Matter / 473 \\
The Challenge / 473 \\
Keith Brueckner, Jeffrey Goldstone, Hans Bethe, and a
Few Others / 474 \\
Solid Foundations / 475 \\
And What About Niels Bohr's Original Objection? / 476
\\
The End of an Era / 476 \\
References / 479 \\
Where the Narrative Ends / 487 \\
Glossary / 491 \\
Bibliography of cited books / 513 \\
Index / 521 \\
The Periodic Law or Mendeleev table / 530",
}
@Book{Reed:2015:ABS,
author = "Bruce Cameron Reed",
booktitle = "The atomic bomb: the story of the {Manhattan Project}:
how nuclear physics became a global geopolitical
game-changer",
title = "The atomic bomb: the story of the {Manhattan Project}:
how nuclear physics became a global geopolitical
game-changer",
publisher = "Morgan and Claypool Publishers and IOP Publishing",
address = "San Rafael, CA, USA and Bristol, UK",
pages = "239 (est.)",
year = "2015",
DOI = "https://doi.org/10.1088/978-1-6270-5991-6",
ISBN = "1-62705-990-3 (print), 1-62705-991-1 (e-book),
1-62705-993-8 (mobi)",
ISBN-13 = "978-1-62705-990-9 (print), 978-1-62705-991-6 (e-book),
978-1-62705-993-0 (mobi)",
ISSN = "2053-2571 (print), 2054-7307 (electronic)",
ISSN-L = "2053-2571",
LCCN = "QC773.3.U5 R443 2015eb",
bibdate = "Tue Dec 8 08:41:58 MST 2015",
bibsource = "fsz3950.oclc.org:210/WorldCat;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/b/bohr-niels.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/f/frisch-otto.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/r/rutherford-ernest.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/bibnet/authors/s/szilard-leo.bib;
http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/einstein.bib",
series = "IOP concise physics",
URL = "http://iopscience.iop.org/book/978-1-6270-5991-6",
abstract = "This volume, prepared by an acknowledged expert on the
Manhattan Project, gives a concise, fast-paced account
of all major aspects of the project at a level
accessible to an undergraduate college or advanced
high-school student familiar with some basic concepts
of energy, atomic structure, and isotopes. The text
describes the underlying scientific discoveries that
made nuclear weapons possible, how the project was
organized, the daunting challenges faced and overcome
in obtaining fissile uranium and plutonium, and in
designing workable bombs, the dramatic Trinity test
carried out in the desert of southern New Mexico in
July 1945, and the bombings of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki.",
acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
remark = "Version 20140601.",
subject = "Atomic bomb; United States; History; Nuclear physics.;
SCIENCE / Physics / Nuclear.; Atomic bomb.",
tableofcontents = "Preface \\
Introduction and overview \\
Prologue \\
Some scientific preliminaries \\
The Manhattan Project: a survey \\
The background science \\
Energy units, nuclear reactions and decay processes \\
The neutron, artificial radioactivity and new elements
\\
Nuclear fission: discovery \\
Nuclear fission: interpretation \\
Plutonium \\
The Manhattan Project \\
Szilard, Einstein, the President and MAUD \\
The Compton committee and the Manhattan Engineer
District \\
Bomb design: Los Alamos \\
Uranium enrichment: the Clinton Engineer Works \\
Plutonium: the pile program \\
Trinity, Hiroshima and Nagasaki \\
Target selection \\
Postwar planning begins \\
The missions \\
Aftermath \\
The Legacy of Manhattan and current nuclear weapons
deployments \\
Postwar political developments \\
The super and the P-5 \\
Nuclear tests, deployments and treaties \\
Epilogue",
}
